动词
参加
3、join一般是参加一种组织，如Party（党）或者可以是join sb.
join in 指参加某种活动，尤其指和其他人一起参加某项活动。
1、take part in 指参加群众性活动，往往指参加者持有积极的态度，起一份作用。
5、attend 指出席一些比较正式的场合。一般用于attend the meeting之类的
2、enter for 指参加某项竞赛之类的。
4海苔的营养价值、participate in正式用词，表示参加、参与，强调与他人共同参加某种活动
be made of ( from / out of ) / be made into / be made up / be made up of
be made of：由……制成。用于由产品可以看出原材料。例如：
The desk is made of wood.
be made from：由……制成。用于由产品看不出原材料。例如：
Paper is made from wood.
be made out of：由……制成。例如：
The desk / Paper is made out of wood.
be made into：制成……。例如：
Wood can be made into desks / paper.
be made up：由……编成。例如：
Don’t believe him; the whole story was made up. （别信他的，整个过程都是捏造的。）
be made up of (=consist of)：由……组成。例如：
This desk is made up of / consists of twelve pieces of wood.
be known for / be known as / be known to
be known for：因……而出名。例如：
Our town is known for its stones.
be known as：作为……而出名。例如：
The town is known as a stone town.
be known to：被……知晓，了解。例如：
The hot spring city is known to every one of them.
be tired of / be tired from / be tired out
be / get tired of：对……厌倦。例如：
坚持深化改革
I am really tired of your words! （你的话我听腻了！）
be tired from：因……疲倦。例如：
I was so tired from climbing the hill that I fell asleep the moment my head touched the pillow. （我爬山太累了，所以头一碰枕头/一躺下就睡着了。）
be tired out：筋疲力尽。相当于be worn out。例如：
We were tired out when we climbed over the high mountain.
contain / include
contain：包含（全部），容纳。include：包括（部分）。例如：
Senior Book One contains twelve units, including two (units) chon from the old textbook.
This atlas contains forty maps, including three of Great Britain.
（这地图集含有四十幅地图，包括英国地图三幅在内。）
香茅草烤鱼How much does this bottle contain? （这瓶能装多少？）
cost / spend / pay / buy / charge
cost：花费，付出代价。通常以事物作主语，即sth+ cost + (sb) + 金钱、时间、劳力或其他代价。例如：
The book cost me $10.
Careless driving cost him his life. （粗心驾驶使他付出了生命的代价。）
spend：花费。主语是人，可以指花金钱，也可以指花时间。spend的用法：sb + spend +时间+ (in) + v-ing / sb + spend +金钱黄家驹经典歌曲大全 (时间) + on sth。例如：
I spent $10 on the book.
I spent two hours (in) finishing the composition. 比较：
It took me two hours to finish the composition.
pay：付款。例如：
I paid $10 for the book.
buy：买。例如：
I bought the book for $10.
charge：收费。例如：
They charged me $10 for the book. （买这本书，他们收我十美元。）
dress / put on / wear / have on / be in
dress：穿衣，穿着。可用作及物动词，“人”当宾语；可用作不及物动词；可用be dresd表示穿着状况。例如：
The baby isn’t old enough to dress itlf. （这孩子还小，无法自己穿衣服。）
She is well dresd today.
The girl was dresd in pink last night. （昨晚这女孩穿着一身粉红色的衣服。）
The girl dresd herlf in pink last night.
put on计算机入门：穿上(银行信托衣服)，上演。表示动作。例如：
Better put on your coat; it’s cold outside.
A new play will be put on at the Grand Theatre.
wear：穿着，佩戴。表示状态，包括穿着衣物、佩戴首饰以及留头发、胡须等。例如：
Can you recognize the woman wearing sunglass over there?
（你能认出那边那个戴太阳镜的妇女吗？）
I don国产手机’t understand why he wears long hair now.
have on：穿。表示状态，穿着衣物，不用于进行时态；也意为“有事；有约会”。如：
The foolish emperor had nothing on that day.
不说：We’re having on school clothes today.
Sorry, I can’t help you this weekend. I’ve too much on already.
（对不起，这周末我不能帮你，我有很多事。）
be in：穿。表示状态，其后常接表示颜色或服装、眼镜的词作宾语。例如：
The boy in white is one of my classmates.
help / aid / assist
help：帮助，帮忙。是普通用语，常用在日常谈话中。例如：
例226：May I help you with your luggage?
例227：We helped him (to) mend his bicycle.
aid：帮助，援助。是比较正式的用语。例如：
例228：The flooded areas were aided by many countries. （灾区得到许多国家的援助。）
assist：帮助，协助。是比较正式的用语，强调起协助作用；其名词assistant是“助手”的意思。例如：
例229：She assisted me in the experiments. （她协助我做实验。）
happen / occur / take place / come about
happen：发生。带有偶然、未能预见的意思，主语为事；当针对人时，意为“碰巧”。例如：
This happened on a December evening.
What happened to him？
I happened to meet Tom in the street when I went shopping today.
It happened that I met Tom in the street when I went shopping today.
occur：发生（既表示偶然地，也表示必然地）；被想到。例如：
When did the accident occur?
A fresh idea suddenly occurred to me. （我突然有个新主意。）
take place：发生。指事先布置或策划好而后发生。例如：
The May 4th Movement took place in 1919.
come about：产生。指自然产生。例如：
How do the differences between British English and American English come about?
hurt / injure / wound / harm / damage / destroy
hurt：伤害（常用词，包括外伤和感情伤害）；疼痛（此时用作不及物动词）。例如：
例喜帖街歌词背后的意思240：I hurt mylf in the leg when I fell off the bike the other day, and it still hurts now.
（前几天我从自行车上摔下，伤着腿，现在还疼着呢。）
例241：I am afraid your words have hurt him.
injure：受伤。常指意外或事故伤害。例如：
例242：Several people were injured in the traffic accident.
