主语从句
一、概述:用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。
二.主语从句连接词:
(1)从属连词: that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义,在句中不做成分,日本英语但不可以省略。
Eg: :That they will win the match ems unlikely.(他们想赢这场比赛看起来是不可能的)
Eg: :That she survived the accident is a miracle./a wonder(她在事故中幸免于难简直是奇迹。)
翻译:她的离开使他很伤心。
That she left him cut him to the heart.
(2) 用连词 whether 引导的主语从句:whether有含义(是否),在句中不做成分,不可以省。(注:引导主语从句不能用if)
Eg:Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter .(她来不来都无关紧要。)
Eg:Whether it is true remains a question. (它是真是假还是个问题。)
翻译:我们明天是否在户外开晚会要看天气而定。
Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.
(3) 连接代词: 连接代词who, who, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引导的名词性从句中,这些连接词既有疑问意义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中担当一定成分).
Eg:What you need is more practice.(你所需要的是更多的训练。)
Eg:Whatever we do is to rve the people.(我们无论做什么都是为人民服务。)
Eg :Who will do the job has not been decided.(还没决定谁去做这份工作)
翻译:我想知道的就是怎样使用这台计算机。
What I want to know is how to u the computer.
(4)连接副词:when, where, why, how引导的名词性从句(其连接副词有疑问意义,在句中作时间,地点,原因,方式状语等成分。)
Eg :Where I spend my summer holiday is none business of yours.(我在哪度假与你无关)
Eg :When they will come is not known yet.(他们什么时候来还不知道。)
Eg :How this happened is not clear to anyone. (这事怎样发生的,谁也不清楚)
Eg :why he did it remains a mystery. (他为什么做那件事依然是一个谜。)
重点1:有时为了考虑句子平衡,it 做形式主语,而将主语从句放在句末(尤其是当谓语较短时)。这分三种情况:
(1) 对于以连词that引导的主语从句,通常用形式主语it代主语从句,此时that可以省略。
Eg :That the earth moves around the sun is known to all.(地球围绕太阳转,这是众所周知的事。)
=It is known to all (that )the earth moves around the sun(众所周知地球围绕太阳转。
(2) 对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句,可以使用形式主语代主语从句,也可直接在句首使用主语从句:
Eg :Whether they would support us was a problem. (他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。头像文艺)
=It was a problem whether they would support us. 西红柿的功效(他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。)
(3) 对关系代词型what引导的主语从句,通常直接将主语从句放在句首。如:
What we need is money. 我们需要的是钱。
What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这一点。
重点2:固定用法和译法(1) It is +名词+从句
It is a fact that… 事实是……
It is good news that … ……是好消息
It is a question that … ……是个问题
It is common knowledge that … ……是常识
类似的名词还有:a pity;a wonder;a good thing; no wonder; surpri, idea, honor 等。
Eg :It is a mystery to me how it all happened.:(这一切是怎么发生的是个谜。)
Eg :It is a pity that you have to leave so soon(真遗憾你这么快就得离开)
Eg :It is no surpri that he have made such great progress.(他取得的进步这么大,这不足为奇。)
翻译: 很遗憾他没来。
It’s a pity that he didn’t come.
(2) It is +形容词+从句
It is necessary that … 有必要……
It is clear that … 很清楚……
It is likely that … 很可能……
It is important that … 重要的是……
类似的形容词还有:strange; natural; obvious; true; good; wonderful; possible; unlikely; unusual; certain; evident; worth-while; surprising; interesting; astonishing, etc.
Eg :It is obvious that she will do well in her exam.(很明显她考试成绩会很好。)
Eg :It was really astonishing that he refud to talk to you .(他拒绝和你说话真是令人惊讶。)
Eg :It is uncertain whether he is coming or not(他是不是来还没确定)
Eg :It ems obvious that we can not go on like this.(很明显我们不能这样下去了。)
(3) It is +过去分词+从句
It is said that … 据说……
It is reported that … 据报道……
名人故事400字It has been proved that … 已证明……
It must be proved that… 必须指出……
类似的过去分词还有:known; expected; believed; estimated ;thought; hoped; noted; discusd; required; decided; suggested,etc.
Eg :It is thought that he is the best player.(巴西龟可以吃吗大家都认为他是最好的选手。藏宝阁手续费)
Eg :It is estimated that the va is 2000 years old.(据估计这个花瓶有2000年的历史。)
Eg :It is said that he was killed in the earthquake.(据说他在地震中丧生了)
(3) It is +特殊动词+从句(常用于此句型的动词有appear, happen, em,occur, do
es’t matter ,makes no difference.(无关紧要)
Eg :It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not.(他是否参加会议都无关紧要)
Eg :It happened that I was at the school gate at that time.(碰巧,我当时在学校门口。)
Eg :It does not matter if I misd my train, becau there is another later.
没有赶上这趟火车没有关系,稍晚还有一趟。
翻译:碰巧我昨天看见他了。
Eg :It happened that I saw him yesterday.。自嘲陆游
三、连词that的省略问题
引导主语从句的连词that 有时可省,有时不能省,其原则是:若that引导的主语从句直接位于句首,则that不能省略;若that引导的主语从句位于句末,而在句首使用了形式主语it,则that可以省略:
That you didn’t go to Beijing was a pity. 很遗憾你没去北京飘怎么组词。(that不可省)
It was a pity (that) you didn’t go to Beijing. 很遗憾你没去北京。(that可省)
Ⅰ.选择题:
1. __D___ as much as one-fifth of all timber harvested is not ud.
A. The estimate B. The estimate
C. They are estimated D. It is estimated that
2. ____D_ some mammals came to live in the a is not known.
A. Which B. Since C. Although D. How