贸易方式词汇
stocks 存货,库存量
cash sale 现货
purcha 购买,进货
bulk sale 整批销售,趸售
distribution channels 销售渠道
wholesale 批发
retail trade 零售业
hire-purcha 分期付款购买
fluctuate in line with market conditions 随行就市
unfair competition 不合理竞争
dumping 商品倾销
dumping profit margin 倾销差价,倾销幅度
antidumping 反倾销
customs bond 海关担保
chain debts 三角债
freight forwarder 货运代理
trade consultation 贸易磋商
mediation of dispute 商业纠纷调解
partial shipment 分批装运
restraint of trade 贸易管制
RTA (Regional Trade Arrangements) 区域贸易安排
favorable balance of trade 贸易顺差
unfavorable balance of trade 贸易逆差
special preferences 优惠关税
bonded warehou 保税仓库
transit trade 转口贸易
tariff barrier 关税壁垒
tax rebate 出口退税
TBT (Technical Barriers to Trade) 技术性贸易壁垒
贸易伙伴术语
trade partner 贸易伙伴
manufacturer 制造商,制造厂
middleman 中间商,经纪人
dealer 经销商
wholesaler 批发商
retailer, tradesman 零售商
merchant 商人,批发商,零售商
concessionaire, licend dealer 受让人,特许权获得者
consumer 消费者,用户
client, customer 顾客,客户
buyer 买主,买方
carrier 承运人
consignee 收货人
进出口贸易词汇
commerce, trade, trading 贸易
inland trade, home trade, domestic trade 国内贸易
international trade 国际贸易
foreign trade, external trade 对外贸易,外贸
import, importation 进口
importer 进口商
export, exportation 出口
exporter 出口商
import licence 进口许口证
export licence 出口许口证
commercial transaction 买卖,交易
inquiry 询盘
delivery 交货
鸡丝凉面的做法 order 订货
make a complete entry 正式/完整申报
台儿庄景点 bad account 坏帐
Bill of Lading 提单
marine bills of lading 海运提单
思维导图的优点 shipping order 托运单
blank endord 空白背书
endord 背书
cargo receipt 承运货物收据
condemned goods 有问题的货物
catalogue 商品目录
customs liquidatio
n 清关
customs clearance 结关
国际贸易英语词汇集锦一
贸易价格术语
trade term / price term 价格术语
world / international market price 国际市场价格
FOB (free on board) 离岸价
C&F (cost and freight) 成本加运费价
CIF (cost, insurance and freight) 到岸价
freight 运费
wharfage 码头费
landing charges 卸货费
customs duty 关税
port dues 港口税
import surcharge 进口附加税
import variable duties 进口差价税
commission 佣金
return commission 回佣,回扣
price including commission 含佣价
net price 净价
wholesale price 批发价
discount / allowance 折扣
retail price 零售价
spot price 现货价格
current price 现行价格 / 时价
indicative price 参考价格
customs valuation 海关估价
price list 价目表
total value 总值
贸易保险术语
All Risks 一切险
F.P.A. (Free from Particular Average) 平安险
W.A. / W.P.A (With Average or With Particular Average) 水渍险
War Risk 战争险
F.W.R.D. (Fresh Water Rain Damage) 淡水雨淋险
Risk of Intermixture and Contamination 混杂、玷污险
Risk of Leakage 渗漏险
Risk of Odor 串味险
Risk of Rust 锈蚀险
Shortage Risk 短缺险
T.P.N.D. ( Theft, Pilferage & Non-delivery) 偷窃提货不着险
Strikes Risk 罢工险
贸易机构词汇
WTO (World Trade Organization) 世界贸易组织
IMF (International Monetary Fund) 国际货币基金组织
CTG (Council for Trade in Goods) 货币贸易理事会
EFTA (European Free Trade Association) 欧洲自由贸易联盟
AFTA (ASEAN Free Trade Area) 东盟自由贸易区
JCCT (China-US Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade) 中美商贸联委会
NAFTA (North American Free Trade Area) 北美自由贸易区
UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) 联合国贸易与发展会议
GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 关贸总协定
商务合同英译应注意的问题(2)
二、慎重处理合同的关键细目
实践证明,英译合同中容易出现差错的地方,一般来说,不是大的陈述性条款。而恰恰是一些关键的细目.比如:金钱、时间、数量等。为了避免出差错,在英译合同时,常常使用一些有限定作用的结构来界定细目所指定的确切范围。
3.1
限定责任
众所周知,合同中要明确规定双方的责任。为英译出双方责任的权限与范围,常常使用连词和介词的固定结构。现把最常用的此类结构举例说明如下。
3.1.1 and/or
常用 and/or 英译合同中“甲和乙+甲或乙”的内容,这样就可避免漏译其中的一部分。
例 9:如果上述货物对船舶和(或)船上其它货物造成任何损害,托运人应负全责。
The shipper shall be liable for all damage caud by such goods to the
子网掩码是什么ship and/or cargo on buard.
3.1.2 by and between
常用 by and between 强调合同是由“双方”签订的,因此双方必须严格履行合同所赋于的责任。
例 10:买卖双方同意按下述条款购买出售下列商品并签订本合同。
This Contract is made by and between the Buyer and the Seller, whereby the
Buyer agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to ll the undermentioned
commodity subject to the terms and conditions stipulated below.
3.2 限定时间
英译与时间有关的文字,都应非常严格慎重地处理,因为合同对时间的要求是准确无误。所以英译起止时间时,常用以下结构来限定准确的时间。
3.2.1 双介词
三快
用双介词英译含当天日期在内的起止时间。
例 11;自9月2O日起,甲方已无权接受任何定单或收据。
Party Ashall be unauthorized to accept any orders or to collect any
account on and after September 20.
例 12:我公司的条件是,3 个月内,即不得晚于5月1日,支付现金。
Our terms are cash within three months, i.e. on or before May 1.
3.2.2 not(no)later than
用“not (no) later than +日期”英译“不迟于某月某日”。
例 13:本合同签字之日一个月内,即不迟于12月15日,你方须将货物装船。
Party B shall ship the goods within one month of the date of signing this
Contract, i.e. not later than December 15.
3.2.3 include 的相应形式
常用 include 的相应形式:inclusive、including 和 included,来限定含当日在内的时间。
例 14:本证在北京议付,有效期至1月1日。
This credit expires till January 1(inclusive) for negotiation in Beijing.
(or:This credit expires till and including January 1 for negotiation in
Beijing.) 如果不包括1月1日在内,英译为 till and not including January 1。
3.3 限定金额
为避免金额数量的差漏、伪造或涂改,英译时常用以下措施严格把关。
3.3.1.大写文字重复金额
英译金额须在小写之后,在括号内用大写文字重复该金额,即使原文
合同中没有大写,英译时也有必要加上大写。在大写文字前加上“SAY”,意为“大写”;在最后加上“ONLY”。意思为“整”。必须注意:小写与大写的金额数量要一致。
例 16:聘方须每月付给受聘方美元 500 元整。
Party A shall pay Party B a monthly salary of US $ 500 (SAY FIVE HUNDRED
US DOLLARS ONLY).
3.3.2. 正确使用货币符号
英译金额必须注意区分和正确使用各种不同的货币名称符号。“$”既可代表“美元”,又可代表其他某些地方的货币;而“£”不仅代表“英镑”,又可代表其他某些地方的货币。
必须注意:当金额用数字书写时,金额数字必须紧*货币符号,例如:Can $891,568,不能写成:Can $
891,568。另外,翻译的还要特别注意金额中是小数点 (.) 还是分节号(,),因为这两个符号极易引起笔误,稍有疏忽,其后果是不堪设想的。
商务合同英译应注意的问题(1)
前言
英译商务合同貌似简单,实则不然。商务合同是一种特殊的应用文体,重在记实,用词行文的一大特点就是准确与严谨。
本文拟运用翻译教学中所积累的英译商务合同的实例,从三个方面论述如何从大处着眼、小处着手、力求准确严谨英译商务合同。
一、酌情使用公文语惯用副词
商务合同属于法律性公文,所以英译时,有些词语要用公文语词语、特别是酌情使用英语惯用的一套公文语副词,就会起到使译文结构严谨、逻辑严密、言简意赅的作用。但是从一些合同的英文译本中发现,这种公文语副同常被普通词语所代替,从而影响到译文的质量。
实际上,这种公文语惯用副同为数并不多,而已构词简单易记。常用的这类副词是由 here、there、where 等副词分别加上
after、by、in、of、on、to、under、upon、with 等副词,构成一体化形式的公文语副词。例如:
从此以后、今后:hereafter;
此后、以后:thereafter;
在其上:thereonthereupon;
在其下:thereunder;
对于这个:hereto;
对于那个:whereto;
在上文:hereinabovehereinbefore;
在下文:hereinafterhereinbelow;
在上文中、在上一部分中:thereinbefore;
在下文中、在下一部分中:thereinafter.
现用两个实例,说明在英译合同中如何酌情使用上述副词。
例 1:本合同自买方和建造方签署之日生效。
This Contract shall come into force from the date of execution hereof by
the Buyer and the Builder.
例 2:下
述签署人同意在中国制造新产品,其品牌以此为合适。
The undersigned hereby agrees that the new products whereto this trade
name is more appropriate are made in China.
出席商务会议的常用英语
The following phras are ud to participate in a meeting. The
phras are uful for expressing your ideas and giving input to a
meeting.
Getting the Chairperson's Attention 引起会议主席的注意
(Mister/Madam) chairman.
May I have a word?
If I may,
Excu me for interrupting.
May I come in here?
Giving Opinions 表达意见
I'm
I (really)
In
The way I
If you ask me,... I tend to
Asking for Opinions 询问意见
Are you
Do you (really)
(name of participant) can we get your input?
How do you ?
Commenting 做出评论
That's interesting .
I never thought about it that way before.
Good point!
I get your point.
先粉底还是先遮瑕
I e what you mean.
Agreeing 表示同意
I totally agree with you.
Exactly!
That's (exactly) the way I feel.
I have to agree with (name of participant).
Disagreeing 表示异议
Unfortunately, I e it differently.
青蛙图
Up to a point I agree with you,
(I'm afraid) I can't agree
Advising and Suggesting 提出建议
Why don'
How/
I suggest/
Clarifying 澄清
Let me
Have I made that clear?
Do you e what I'm getting at?
Let me put this
I'd just like to
Requesting Information 请求信息小孩睡觉老打呼噜是什么原因
Plea,
I'd like
Would
I wonder if
Asking for Repetition 请求重复
I'm afraid I didn't understand that. Could you repeat what you just
said?
I didn't catch that. Could you repeat that, plea?
I misd that. Could you say it again, plea?
Could you run that by me one more time?
Asking for Clarification 要求澄清
I don't quite follow you. What exactly do you mean?
I'm afraid I don't quite understand what your are getting at.
Could you explain to me how that is going to work?
I don't e what you mean. Could we have some more details