LESSON THREE
四种进行时态
二、把下列句子先变成一般疑问句，再就画线部分提问。
1.John taught in a middle school.
2.Tom studies Chine.
3.The meeting will begin at two o’clock.
4.She was happy becau she pasd the exam.
5.They were neighbors three years ago.
6.We went to the cinema twice a month.
7.He can finish the job in two weeks.
8.We sold the cotton by weight.
KEY
二
1.Where did John teach?
2.What does Tom study?赵立春的原型
3.When (What time) will the meeting begin?
4.Why was she happy?一年级数学下册教学工作计划
5.When were they neighbors?
6.How many times (How often) a month did you go to the cinema?
7.When can he finish the job?
8.Who sold the cotton by weight?
请大家看下列表格，竖行表示时间概念，横行则表示情态或叫做情感。将“时”与“态”区分开，是我们学好时态的关键。
态 时 | 一般 | 进行 | 完成 | 完成进行 |
现 在 | 一般现在时 | 现在进行时 | 现在完成时 | 现在完成进行时 |
过 去 | 一般过去时 | 过去进行时 | 过去完成时 | 过去完成进行时 |
将 来 | 一般将来时 | 将来进行时 | 将来完成时 | 将来完成进行时 |
过去将来 | 一般过去将来时 | 过去将来进行时 | 过去将来完成时 | 过去将来完成进行时 |
| | | | |
▲ 进行时态的构成
时 态 | 主谓宾 |
现在进行时 | is (am, are) doing |
过去进行时 | was (were) doing |
将来进行时 | will be doing |
过去将来进行时 | would be doing |
| |
▲ 现在进行时态和过去进行时态
1、进行态的暂时性，进行时态与一般时态的比较
Be doing
▲ 现在进行时态和过去进行时态
一般现在时
过去 -------现在--------- 将来
---
现在进行时
● They 象数live in America.（一贯的）
● They are living in America.（暂时的）
第二句给我们的感觉是，他们一直住在别的什么地方，但目前暂住美国。
He is studying English hard.
You do not eat much.
You are not eating much.
● My TV works perfectly.
我的电视非常好。（一贯的）
● 减脂怎么吃My TV is working perfectly.
我的电视目前很好。（暂时性）
第二句给人的印象是：电视过去工作不正常，最近修了一下，效果很好。
2. 进行时态的感情色彩。
进行态除了表示一个进行的动作以外，更多的是带有一种“态”，也就是说有一种情态在里面。注意下面句子的比较：
●Do you know your girl friend 减法的减怎么写was having (had) dinner with a guy家伙, 人 in the restaurant near our school yesterday evening?
你知道不知道你的女朋友昨天晚上和一个小伙子在学校附近的餐馆一起吃饭？
注：说话的人没有用一般过去时，而是用过去进行时态。从这句话
中可以看出他通过进行时态的画面感，给对方一个亲眼看到的感觉，以刺激听话的人。
●Yesterday at midnight, I was walking by the room, I heard someone sharpening a knife in it. After a while, a woman was crying in it, I rushed in, but there was微信名字特殊符号 nobody.
注：上面是一个虚构的吓人故事。他使用了过去进行时态，目的在于给人一种画面感，以达到恐怖的目的。如果用一般过去时态，故事会平淡得多
进行时态与一般时态的比较
▲ 将来进行时态
● I will wait for you at the airport.
●I will be waiting for you at the airport.
第一句用的是一般将来时态，第二句用的是将来进行时态。第二句给人的感觉好像能够看到说话的人将在机场等待的情景，所以更亲切、更踏实。这就是画面感的效果。我们很难用汉语表达出上面两句话的不同。
● We will live happily together in this large flat. 一套公寓
●We will be living happily together in this large flat.
注：该例句的情景是一个男子带着未婚妻去看新房。如果只用一般将来时态，语言就较平淡。使用第二句将来进行时态，便可以给自己的未婚妻展现一种活生生的未来生活的美好前景。这就是进行时态的妙处所在。我们同样很难用汉语译出上面两句英文中的不同时态，这也是汉语在时态表达上的局限性。
课堂练习
练 习 说 明 时态是一种非常灵活的语言现象。我们汉语中在时间上的表达方式与英文完全不同。英文的时态不仅仅是一种时间概念，它还带有不同的情态。所以，在做练习时，并不是简单对和错的问题，而是哪个时态更好。必须同时注意“时”与“态”两个方面，结合上下文及情景，细心体会，方能真正掌握。 |
|
二、时态选择。（该题全部取自于全国高考原卷）
1. The last time I Jane, she cotton in the fields.
A. had en; was picking | B. saw; picked |
C. had en; picked | 次落D. saw; was picking |
| |
2. We were all surprid when he made it clear that he
office soon.
A. leaves | B. would leave |
C. left | D. had left |
| |
3. –Can I join the club, Dad?
--You can when you a bit older.
A. get | B. will get |
C. are getting | D. will have got |
| |
4. –Do you like the material?
--Yes, it very soft.
A. is feeling | B. felt |
C. feels | D. is felt |
| |
5. I don’t really work here; I until the new cretary arrives.
A. just help out | B. have just helped out |
C. am just helping out | D. will just help out |
| |
6. –Your phone number again? I quite catch it.
--It’s 9568442.
A. didn’t 镜像安装器 | B. couldn’t |
C. don’t | D. can’t |
| |
7. I don’t think Jim saw me; he into space.
A. just stared | B. was just staring |
C. has just stared | D. had just stared |
| |
8. –Can I help you, sir?
--Yes. I bought this radio here yesterday, but it .
A. didn’t work | B. won’t work |
C. can’t work | D. isn’t working |
| |
9. I first met Lisa three years ago. She at a radio shop at the time.
