第二十一讲:解密完形填空正确选项的标准
一.完形填空题解
完形填空的英文名叫cloze test,其理论依据是格式塔心理学(Gestalt Psychology)关于场的原理(即cloze,相当于英语的closure),Gestalt是德语,意思是“完形”,因而又称完形心理学。该理论的观点是:人们观察物体形状时,往往下意识地把不连贯的空缺的部分填补上,然后把它看成一个完整的形状。下巴长痘痘是什么原因
随着心理学和语言学研究的发展,完形测试被引入语言教学与测试领域,语言学家们认为,完形填空可用于检查学生外语学习的综合水平。在知识层次,完形填空可以检测语言学习者对词汇,语法知识的掌握,在应用层次,可以检测语言学习者结合背景知识理解全文主旨大意和作者写作意图与目的的能力,根据上下文运用语言知识猜测生词词义的能力,以及全面驾驭语篇,获取信息的能力。
二.完形填空正确选项之标准
完形填空的选项一般为相同语法形式的实词或短语,完形填空是考查这些实词或短语在文章
背景下的运用,在做完形填空时我们首先要考虑的是文章。文章的意思是遣词造句为文,段落结构的安排为章,文要服从于章,章要服从于中心。从写作的角度来看,我们在写作时一定要突出文章中心,文章的一词一句都要紧密围绕文章中心。因此,能为文章中心服务的选项才是正确选项。做完形填空时我们可以采取以下三个步骤:第一步,通读全文,快速抓住文章中心大意;第二步,以文章中心为准绳,联系上下文,选出正确选项;第三步,选完后,再次通读全文,做出必要的调整。
三.例题解析
山东属于哪个区域I went to a group activity, “Sensitivity Sunday”, which was to make us more 36 the problems faced by disabled people. We were asked to “ 37 a disability” for veral hours one Sunday. Some members, 38 , cho to u wheelchairs. Others wore sound-blocking earplugs(耳塞)or blindfolds(眼罩).
Just sitting in the wheelchair was a 39 experience. I had never considered before how 40 it would be to u one. As soon as I sat down, my 41 made the chair begin to roll. Its wheels were not 42 . Then I wondered where to put my 43 . It took me quite a while to get
the metal footrest into 44 . I took my first uneasy look at what was to be my only means of 45 for veral hours. For disabled people, “adopting a wheelchair” is not a temporary(临时的) 46 .
I tried to find a 47 position and thought it might be restful, 48 kind of nice, to be 49 around for a while. Looking around, I 50 I would have to handle the thing mylf? My hands started to ache as I 51 the heavy metal wheels. I came to know that controlling the 52 of the wheelchair was not going to be a(n) 53 task.
My wheelchair experiment was soon 54 . It made a deep impression on me. A few hours of “disability” gave me only a taste of the 55 , both physical and mental, that disabled people must overcome.
通读本文后得知本文为记叙文,文章的中心为:记叙作者参加团组活动“星期天的感受”,亲身体验了残疾人使用轮椅的全过程,感受到了残疾人面临的种种困难与不容易。
36. A. curious about B. interested in 摘抄600字C. aware of D. careful with失眠自然疗法
解析:活动的目的是让我们认识到残疾人面临的种种困难与不容易,固选C。
37. A. cure B. prevent C. adopt D. analyze
解析:活动的形式是让学生各自选择一种方式来体验残疾人,固选C。
38. A. instead B. strangely C. as usual D. like me
解析:作者选择体验残疾人的方式是坐轮椅,固选D。
39. A. learning B. working C. satisfying D. relaxing
解析:坐轮椅不是一件容易的事,先得学,固选A。
40. A. convenient B. awkward C. boring D. exciting
解析:选B awkward,不方便,难对付的,体现了残疾人的不容易。
41. A. height B. force C. skill D. weight
分数的分类
解析:根据下文the chair begin to roll,应该是作者的重量让轮椅开始滚动,所以选D。
42.A. locked B. repaired C. powered D. grasped
解析:根据上文,轮椅开始滚动的原因是没有上锁住,固选A。
43. A. hands B. feet C. keys D. handles
解析:根据下文,the metal footrest,应该是作者不知道脚该放哪里,固选B。
44. A. place B. action C. play D. effect
解析:in/into place是放好,就位的意思,固选A。
45. A. operation B. communication C. transportation D. production
解析:坐轮椅是唯一的交通方式,固选C。
46. A. exploration B. education C. experiment D. entertainment古风图片背景
解析:作者坐轮椅只是一种临时体验,而残疾人不是,固选C。
47. A. flexible B. safe C. starting D. comfortable
解析:根据下文might be restful,作者是在找一个舒适的位置,固选D。
48. A. yet B. just C. still D. even
解析:根据下文kind of nice,表示递进关系,固选D。
49. A. shown B. pushed C. driven D. guided
解析:坐好之后,可以由人推着周围走动,固选B。
50. A. realized B. suggested C. agreed D. admitted
解析:环顾四周,却发现还得自己来推,固选A。
51. A. lifted B. turned C. presd D. ized
解析:转动沉重的轮子使手开始痛起来了,固选B。
52. A. path B. position C. direction D. way
解析:转动后还得控制方向,固选C。
53. A. easy B. heavy C. major D. extra
解析:控制方向也不是一件容易的事,固选A。
54. A. forgotten B. repeated C. conducted D. finished
解析:最后体验结束了,固选D。
55. A. weakness B. challenges C. anxieties D. illness
画妈妈的图片大全
解析:最后是作者的感受,残疾人不仅面临着身体上的,还有心理上的挑战,固选B。
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