考试日期 | 2014年12月13日 |
| 芳华依旧 Reading Passage 1 | |
Title | 笑声的起源（生命科学类） |
Question types | 人名观点配对题 6题 Summary 4题 判断题 3题 |
文章内容回顾 | 11-13判断题： 11. 当同性成员在一起，无论男女，他们笑的都更多。 12. 灵长类动物不能像人类一样通过呼吸来有效地控制笑声。 13. 与鼠类相比，黑猩猩容易在更多的场合发出笑声。 |
原文重现 | |
题型难度分析 | 第一篇是经典机经旧文，版本号V100904。难度一般，话题属于生命科学类文章，用动物和人做实验的特点考生也很熟悉。只是一些单词需要课下认知，例如primate, chimpanzee等。 1-6人名观点配对： 1. Babies and some animals produce laughter which sounds similar. 选：B 2. Primates are not the only animals who produce laughter. 选：D. 3. Laughter can be ud to show that we feel safe and cure with others. 选：A 4. Most human laughter is not a respon to a humorous situation.鼓岭 选：C 5. Animal laughter evolved before human laughter. 选：B 6. Laughter is a social activity. List of People A Provine B Zimmerman C Pankscpp D Flamson 7-10 Summary: Some scientists believe that laughter first developed out of 7. play. Rearch has revealed that human and chimp laughter may have the same 8. origins. Scientists have long been aware that 9. primates laugh, but it now appears that laughter might be more widespread than once thought. Although the reasons why humans started to laugh arc still unknown, it ems that laughter may result from the 10. confidence we feel with another person. A. combat B. chirps C. pitch D. origins E. play F. rats G. primates H. confidence I. fear J转基因食物. babies K. tickling 11-13判断题TRUE/FLASE/ NOT GIVEN: 11延期申请书范文. Both men and women laugh more when they arc with members of the same x. NOT GIVEN 了多音字组词12. Primates lack sufficient breath control to be able to produce laughs the way humans do. TRUE 13. Chimpanzees produce laughter in a wider range of situations than rats do. NOT GIVEN |
题型技巧分析 | 判断题：顺序题型，注意定位词和考点词，注意区分FALSE和NOT GIVEN的辨析，FALSE是文章有提到信息并且与题目信息对立，NOT GIVEN是文章没提及题目所问信息，所以考点词的推测对区分FALSE和NOT GIVEN有很大影响。 Summary选项题：该题型一般遵循顺序原则，若是对一段或者几段的summary, 难度不大，如果是全文，难度提升。首先确定段落定位，快速浏览段落，找到和题目相关的词，注意同义替换。选项可以先浏览，做题时更加有针对性，有利于速度。 人名理论配对题：无序性，注意NB 1. 将list中的理论进行关键词提炼； 2. 从文章第一段考察是否出现题目中的人名，如有，则看该人所说的话，再与后面选项相比较。 3. 以此类推，看第二段是否出现人名，只看人所说的理论部分，与选项相比。 注：如果此人第一次的理论和选项不符，则看下一次该人出现时所说的理论。 |
剑桥雅思推荐原文练习 | 剑7 Test 4 Passage 余额递减法3 |
Reading Passage 2 | |
Title | 古松树（生物类） |
Question types | 段落细节配对题 4题 Summary填空题 6题 单选题 3题 |
文章内容回顾 | 古代长寿松树。Bristelcone松树长在一个环境比较恶劣的地方，这种树特别长寿，平均大概可以活1000年，有个教授研究观察树的年轮，年轮窄是因为少雨。第一段介绍树，第二段讲树轮，然后讲一个科学家做的研究。 |
相关原文阅读 | Standing as ancient ntinels high atop the White Mountains of the Inyo National Forest, the Great Basin Bristlecone Pines rank as the oldest trees in the world and have achieved immen scientific, cultural and scenic importance. While the oldest trees are found in the mountains of Eastern California, Great Basin Bristlecone Pine (Pinus longaeva) are scattered throughout the high mountain regions of Nevada and to a lesr extent, Utah. A cousin, the Rocky Mountain Bristlecone Pine (Pinus aristata), is located throughout the eastern Rocky Mountain region in Colorado and New Mexico. An isolated population of the aristata is also located near Flagstaff, Arizona. A third member of the bristlecone pine family, the Sierra Foxtail pine (Pinus balfouriana) is located in the southern Sierra range and in isolated groves in northern California. Originally classified as a foxtail pine becau of the needle arrangement (like a cat or fox's tail), the trees were redesignated in the late 1800's and named bristlecone due to the long prickly "bristle" on the immature cone. In 1963, Dr. Dana K. Bailey determined that there were significant genetic and physical differences between the bristlecones in the Great Basin and tho in the Rocky Mountains. His rearch efforts resulted in another redesignation into two parate species named bristlecone: the Rocky Mountain Bristlecone Pine and the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine. In the White Mountains, the ancient bristlecone pines em to show a preference for growing on the white, rocky soil that gives the name to this mountain range. This is Dolomite, a type of limestone created under the warm, shallow, inland a that once covered this area. This Dolomite is very alkaline in soil chemistry and thus makes for very challenging growing conditions: precily why the oldest trees are found here. The bristlecone pines don't actually "prefer" this soil type. Other plant species have a very difficult time growing in it and the bristlecones, becau they have adapted to this high alkalinity, have a chance to get established and grow in a near competition-free environment. In other areas, such as the Great Basin National Park, bristlecones have established themlves on soil types that are equally inhospitable to all but the most hearty of survivors: the ancient bristlecone pines. Every year, trees produce a new layer of wood just under the bark. During a dormant period, or time of slower growth, a narrow band of dark wood is produced which when added to the lighter colored "summer growth", produces what we e as a distinguishable tree ring. In wet years, the width of this layer of new wood is usually wider than in years of drought. The bristlecone pines are known as great recorders of the climatic variances due to their high nsitivity to changes in annual precipitation. Scientists who study and rearch tree-ring patterns are known as dendrochronologists; they are called dendroclimatologists if they specialize in climate rearch through tree-ring records. Rearchers u a device called an increment borer to extract a small cross-ction of a tree. This sample provides a look at each tree ring and enables scientists to determine both the age of the tree and the pattern of its growth. There are many trees in the bristlecone pine forest of the White Mountains that exceed 4000 years of age, and are still growing! B语言Bristlecone pine wood that has fallen to the ground can remain intact for thousands of years in the cold, dry climate of the White Mountains. Using a cross-dating technique that overlaps tree-ring patterns of living trees with the still intact patterns of dead wood, scientists have asmbled a continuous tree-ring chronology extending nearly 10,000 years. This bristlecone pine chronology, developed here in the White Mountains by University of Arizona rearchers and Dr. Henry Michael of the University of Pennsylvania is the longest in the world and provides an unequaled look into past climatic and environmental conditions. For many years now, scientists, archeologists, and historians have relied on a dating system known as radiocarbon dating. It was discovered back in the 1960's that this process was flawed and needed to be calibrated. The wood from bristlecone pines helped correct this process by providing samples that could be precily dated. Scientists dated the samples by counting their growth rings; they then measured the amount of carbon-14 (C-14) in tho same samples. They discovered that the radiocarbon dating process was providing dates that were "too young" and established a calibration factor to correct the dating process. Faulty C-14 data obtained before the bristlecone pine calibration was then re-examined and corrected. Archeologists found that some artifacts discovered in Europe were actually 1000 years or older than previously thought. This revision of archeological site dates led historians to a reinterpretation of cultural diffusion throughout the Mediterranean and European areas. Becau the bristlecone pines of this grove provided the wood to recalibrate the radiocarbon dating method, they have become known as the trees that rewrote history. |
题型难度分析 | 文章是机经原文，版本号：V110903。段落细节配对题增加难度；summary填空题题量较大，有6题；单选易错。本次考试难度在第二篇文章里难度相对提升。 14-16段落细节配对题： 14. 人类活动威胁到狐尾松的栖息地。选：I 15. 对狐尾松栖息群进行解释。选：C 16. 提供从过去到现在的一个负责人的记录。选：D 17. 在恶劣的环境下生存。选：A 18-20选择题： 18. 根据A段，狐尾松的哪些方面引起其实我也想了作者的注意？选：B. 明显的长寿 19. 为什么要在加里福尼亚白山高海拔地区研究狐尾松？选：A. 因为那里有最古老的狐尾松 20. 为什么有宽窄年轮的图案？选：D. 因为气候变化不同 21-26 Summary填空题： 21. energy 22. stratification 23. bark 24. air 25. ground cover 26. distance |
题型技巧分析 | 段落细节信息配对题： 1. 无序 2. 注意有可能出现NB 3. 注意大量题目和原文的近义替换 段落细节配对难度较大，建议考生放在本篇文章所有题型的最后去做。做题时注意切不可逐题去原文整篇文章搜寻答案，这样会导致文章来来回回看很多遍，耗时太长。 1. 划出所有题目的keywords, 同时考虑到有可能出现近义替换的词，有针对性的去原文寻找答案。如看到be conscious of立刻想到雅思高频近义替换be aware of…, 看到reproduce想到copy。 2. 某些题目可以对题目进行细致的分析，预测所在段落（平时通过精读多熟悉文章结构安排，了解行文模式）。 3. 做题时以文章为基准，每看一段，浏览题目中的keywords是否与其相关。 |
剑桥雅思推荐原文练习 | 剑4 TEST 1 Passage 1 |
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