2020-2021学年山东省潍坊市高二（下）期末英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
As the popularity of hiking vacations grows ，scores of walkers have discovered hiking over trails（路线） sparks an instant connection with the land.This interaction with nature also provides fantastic exerci,combining sighteing and workouts into one.
Inca Trail,Peru
The four-day,27-mile trail starts outside the tiny town of Ollantaytambo and winds through a number of pass in the Andes Alone the way the trail pass nearly a dozen archaeological sites that rve as evidence of the Inca culture. 姓卢的名人
Cape Scott Trail,British Columbia
The new five-day,36-mile Cape Scott Trail begins gradually.From the trailhead at Cape Scott Provincial Park,the trail follows an old ttler's road along a stream.The highlights of this hike are its river crossings.Hikers must pull themlves across the cable-car crossings f
or both water ways,an effort that leaves shoulders suffering pain from overu.Still,the thrill of crossing wilderness rivers is hard to get anywhere in life.
Skeleton Gorge（峡谷），South Africa
The three-day trail through Skeleton Gorge is absolutely a natural feast to the eyes.The trail begins just outside Kirstenbosch,one of eight National Botanical Gardens in the country.Starting at Cecilia Forest,the trail is flat for the first ction,and then climbs steeply into the gorge.This cond part of the hike is tricky,with two ladders and loo river stones to negotiate as the peak comes into view.
Larapinta Trail,Australia
Australia's Larapinta Trail,a 130-mile hike across the northern dert of the island continent,is divided into 12 ctions,each of which can be completed in 1 or 2 days.Each ction is accessible by off-road vehicle.The route itlf pass some of the most spectacular natural features：Simpsons Gap,Ellery Creek Big Hole,Ormiston Gorge and Glen Helen.
1.Which trail takes the longest time？ ______
A. Inca Trail,Peru.
B. Larapinta Trail,Australia.
C. Skeleton Gorge,South Africa.
D. Cape Scott Trail,British Columbia.
2.What attracts hikers most about Cape Scott Trail,British Columbia？ ______
A. Little effort to complete it.
B. An old ttler's road of exploring.
C. Great pleasure to swim in the stream.
D. A unique experience of crossing rivers.
3.What do Skeleton Gorge and Larapinta Trail have in common？ ______
A. Various natural features. B. Different botanical gardens.
C. Wonderful dert scenery. D. Convenient off-road vehicles.
B
Craig grew up on "a gentleman's farm" in Colorado with hors,cows,and chickens.When he was 18，Craig was already running some of the business.He planned to earn a business degree in college,but on a fateful trip to Florida,he visited a friend who worked as a grounds-keeper at a zoo. "I just wanted to say hi,but he showed me around,and in the back,I saw lions and tigers in the cages that were so small that you wouldn't want to keep a dog in them," he says.The animals were surplus（过剩）and would likely be euthanized（使安乐死）.
When a sad Craig returned to Colorado,he called the Denver Zoo about taking the animals,but Denver's zookeepers also had a surplus.Then it occurred to him：Perhaps he could bring the animals to the family farm.He was only 19，but he studied local regulations and formed a nonprofit organization.He next wrote zoos nationwide offering to help if they planned to euthanize animals.
After about five years,he bought a cond,larger property before moving to the shelter's current location northeast of Denver.The goal,he says,is to provide the animals with plentiful space and to treat them with dignity and respect. "We have prides of lions that liv
e together,just like they would in the wild," he says. "They're wandering free and playing and doing what they want.We just give them medical care and food." 新华美育网
Craig opened the shelter to visitors in 2002.Although he was originally unwilling,Craig now es it as an opportunity to educate more people. "We want the public to know,if they hear about some guy driving around in his Ferrari with a tiger or a lion,they should say,What are you doing？That animal is going to end up dead or in some dirty roadside zoo." The shelter receives 150，000 guests a year.Given his goal of treating the animals with respect-the shelter prohibits feeding and hands-on human contact -visitors obrve the animals from a 30-foot-high,1.5-mile-long elevated walkway.
4.What made Craig decide to help animals？ ______
A. The need to run his farm.
B. The influence from his friend.
C. The concern for animals to be euthanized.脑神经衰弱的症状
D. The plan to earn a business degree from a college.
5.Why did Craig pay for a larger property？ ______
A. To draw visitors. B. To play with animals.
C. To live a comfortable life. D. To offer animals more space.
6.How do visitors obrve the animals in the shelter风平浪静打一城市？ ______
A. By riding a car.
B. By taking an elevator.
C. Through contact with animals.
脚趾缝D. From the passage above the ground.
7.Which of the following best describes Craig's work in the animal shelter？ ______
A. Admirable. B. Well-paid. C. Boring. D. Appealing.
C
Aristotle was among the first thinkers to become interested in the red snow on Mount Par
nassus in the 4th century BC.The Greek philosopher owed the colour to hairy worms living in freezing conditions at high altitude.The phenomenon has puzzled scientists ever since.Now a team of French rearchers find that snow is getting redder all the time.
The red is indeed produced by organisms in the snow -not by hairy worms,but by microalgae（微藻类）that inhabit ecosystems up to 3，000 metres above a level.The microalgae that are green and invisible in the winter become loaded with pigments（色素）in the summer which protect them from the sun,turning the snow reddish.It's when the sun's rays become strong that the microalgae create a protective layer of red molecules（分子） that are like a sun cream.
The rearchers say on their website, "The appearance of 'red snows' ems to be more and more frequent at high altitudes,as well as in the Arctic and Antarctic regions." One explanation for the spread of red snows could be global warming,the scientists say.Microalgae capture carbon dioxide when expod to light,turning it into organic matter and placing it at the foundation of ecosystems in soil,water and snow.With climate change,the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is increasing. "It is therefore exp
道路网ected that certain microalgae respond positively to this increa,behaving as markers of climate change," the website says.
Yet scientists are unsure about what impact the microalgae have on melting glaciers and snow.They suspect that becau the red pigments absorb the heat they are accelerating environmental change. "Even if it is fantastic to e microalgae developing in the snow,one of the he disappearance of their environment," the rearchers added.
8.What caud the red snow according to the Greek philosopher？ ______
A. High altitude. B. A kind of worms.
C. The microalgae. D. The freezing conditions
9.Why do the microalgae turn red in the summer？ ______
A. To generate a sun cream.
B. To be loaded with pigments.
C. To attract people's attention.
D. To defend themlves from the sun.
10.What can we learn about the red snow in paragraph 3？ ______ 尊重近义词
A. It can contribute to global warming.
B. It can indicate the ri of carbon dioxide.
C. It increas carbon dioxide in ecosystems.
D. It disappears from the Arctic and Antarctic regions.
11.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？ ______
A. Red snow nds a warning.
B. Microalgae grow in red snow.
C. Microalgae stand climate change.
D. Red snow dances at high altitude.
D
The U.S.Food and Drug Administration（六字组词FDA）has approved a debatable Alzheimer's treatment,the first that promis to slow the dia's destruction in the brain.
The drug,aducanumab,is also the first new Alzheimer's treatment approved since 2003.However,in 2019，aducanumab was nearly abandoned after it appeared unlikely to succeed in two clinical trials.But after reanalyzing more data,the drug's developer Biogen saw signs indicating the drug might work,and decided to pursue FDA approval.
Still,today's decision concerns some doctors and scientists becau they aren't convinced that the drug actually works.Approving a drug that's not effective would offer patients fal hope,tho experts argue. "This is a great day for Biogen but a dark day for the field of Alzheimer's rearch," says Michael Greicius,a neurologist at Stanford.Pushing forward on the " illusion of progress," he says, "will come at a cost to genuine progress in finding an effective treatment for this destructive dia."
Others disagree that the evidence is slim,and are excited about having a new tool to fight a dia that has escaped an effective treatment for so long. "We have been waiting decades for this," says Maria Carrillo,an expert at the Alzheimer's Association.A drug that
delays decline due to Alzheimer's promis patients "to sustain independence and to hold onto memories longer," she says.
The drug targets the sticky protein—A-beta（淀粉样蛋白）.Some rearchers suspect that in Alzheimer's,A-beta confus connections between nerve cells and damages brain tissue,ultimately causing Alzheimer's symptoms.But that idea is still unttled.Brain scans reveal that aducanumab is effective at reducing A-beta in the brain.What's less clear is whether this reduction comes with consistent improvements in people's quality of life.
