Krupp Uhde Process for Aromatics Recovery
Gerd Emmrich, Frank Ennenbach, Uwe Ranke, Andreas Lusch
Krupp Uhde GmbH, Germany
Prented at:
1st European Petrochemicals Technology Conference 1999
Britannia International Hotel, London
21-22 June 1999
Krupp Uhde Process for Aromatics Recovery
Gerd Emmrich, Frank Ennenbach, Uwe Ranke, Andreas Lusch
Krupp Uhde GmbH
Introduction
Krupp Uhde's history in aromatics goes back to the beginning of the century, when Hein-rich Koppers developed the Koppers coke oven technology for the production of coke for the steel industry. Up to the fifties, coke oven light oil, which is recovered from the crude tar as a by-product in coke oven plants, was the main source for aromatics worldwide.
Due to the high amount of impurities (diolefins, olefins, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur com-pounds) the coke oven light oil has to be purified first before subquent recovery of aro-matics. This purification was done by sulfuric acid treatment, whereas the recovery of aromatics was done by distillation only. Due to high loss of aromatics by sulfonation and the relatively high sulfur content in the benzene product a catalytic hydrogenation had been developed, solving the problems with the impurities in the feedstock. The recovery of aromatics, however, was still done by distillation only.
Beginning of the sixties high purity aromatics from refineries, recovered by liquid-liquid extraction, came onto the market. Due to the much higher purity of the extracted aro-matics, the distilled aromatics from coke oven light oil could not compete any more against this high quality product.
Due to the fact, that the aromatics content of the coke oven light oil amounts to more than 95 wt. %, liquid-liquid extraction is not economically suitable for this feedstock. Therefore, Krupp Uhde had been contacted by the coke production industry to develop a new proc-ess to produce aromatics from coke oven light oil with the same or better quality than that from refineries.
The new process developed by Krupp Uhde was bad on extractive distillation technol-ogy using N-formylmorpholine (NFM) as solvent, thus achieving all required product puri-ties and furthermore reducing utilities consumption when compared to liquid-liquid extrac-tion.
The first commercial plant, bad on this extractive distillation process (Morphylane® pro-cess), came on-stream 1968 and showed excellent results with regard to product qualities and utility consumption figures.
Bad on the outstanding performance of this plant, the Morphylane® process had been adapted to other feedstocks such as pyrolysis gasoline and reformate. The process has been improved and optimized continuously, thus replacing increasingly liquid-liquid ex-traction in all applications due to its economical advantages. Furthermore, by optimizing the combination of all required process such as hydrogenation, fractionation and aro-matics extractive distillation, the complete process rout
自然作文e for the recovery of aromatics from all possible feedstocks could be made superior to competing process schemes.
Up to now, Krupp Uhde has been awarded contracts for more than 40 Morphylane® plants worldwide for the recovery of aromatics from pyrolysis gasoline, reformate and coke oven light oil. Due to the excellent performance figures of the Morphylane® process as well as the optimized process configuration of all required process steps, aromatics producers such as BASF, Chevron, DOW, FINA, etc. lected the Morphylane® process after com-paring with competing technologies. Currently, 12 Morphylane® plants are in the engi-neering, construction or commissioning pha.
Bad on Krupp Uhde's extensive knowledge in extractive distillation technology and the excellent laboratory facilities Krupp Uhde is further developing most advanced process configurations for the recovery of aromatics and other products such as butenes, cumene, isoprene, phenol, styrene, etc. from different feedstocks.
Aromatics - Sources, Applications and Demand
Aromatics (benzene, toluene and xylenes) are one of the most important intermediate products for the chemical industry with a broad range of applications.
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Sources
The main sources of aromatics (benzene, toluene, xylenes) are reformate from catalytic reforming, pyrolysis gasoline from steamcrackers and coke oven light oil from coke oven plants (Fig. 1, 1-01). Reformate from catalytic reforming provides the ba supply of ben-zene, toluene, xylenes and heavier aromatics. However, the majority of toluene and heavier aromatics from reformate is converted to benzene and xylenes, mainly for the purpo of p-xylene production. The remaining supply of aromatics is produced from py-rolysis gasoline from steamcrackers and coke oven light oil from coke oven plants.蹭车逃逸如何处理
Considering benzene only, which has the highest production rate of all aromatics, most of it is produced from pyrolysis gasoline, followed by reformate. Another part of benzene is supplied by hydrodealkylation (HDA) of heavier aromatics and by toluene disproportiona-tion (TDP). About 6 % of benzene is sourced from coke oven light oil (Fig. 1, 1-02).
Fig. 1
沙海结局Applications
书籍是人类的阶梯The wide range of applications of the aromatics benzene, toluene and xylenes (Fig. 2) illustrates the importance of the intermediate products for the chemical industry.
Fig. 2: Aromatics Main Applications互联网创业项目
lol乌鸦Demand
The total aromatics market is currently nearly 60 million tons per year. For benzene and xylene a continuing growth in demand is predicted mainly due to the rapid built-up of end-u markets such as polystyrene, phenol, nylon and polyesters. The demand for toluene will be nearly constant as the u of toluene for chemical products is limited. However, toluene extraction capacity will increa for further converting of toluene into benzene and xylenes by toluene disproportionation.
cad指北针The current demand for benzene, toluene, mixed xylenes and p-xylene and their predicted growth-rate is illustrated in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.
