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考研英语二新题型B练习
英语二新题型 练习（一）
Directions:
Read the following text and answer the questions by reading information from the left column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Make your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
“University history, the history of what man has accomplished in the world, is at bottom the History of the Great Men who have worked here,” wrote the Victorian Thomas Carlyle Well, not any more it is not.
怎么提高英语Suddenly, Britain looks to have fallen out with its favorite historical form. This could be no
迷迭香作用more than a passing literary craze, but it also points to a broader truth about how we now approach the past: less concerned with learning from our forefathers and more interested in feeling their pain. Today, we want empathy, not inspiration.
From the earliest days of the Renaissance, the writing of history meant recounting the exemplary lives of great men. In 1337, Petrarch began work on his rambling writing Debins Illustribus-on Famous Men, highlighting the virtus (or virtue) of classical heroes. Petrarch celebrated their greatness in conquering fortune and rising to the top. This was the biographical tradition which Niccolo Machiavelli turned on its head. In The Prince, he championed cunning, ruthlessness, and boldness, rather than virtue, mercy and justice, as the skills of successful leaders.
Over time, the attributes of greatness shifted. The Romantics commemorated the leading painters and author of their day, stressing the uniqueness of the artist’s person experience rather than public glory. By contrast, the Victorian author Samuel Smile wrote lf-Help as a catalogue of the worthy lives of engineers, industrialists and explorers. “Th
e valuable examples which they furnish of the power of lf -help, of patient purpo resolute working and steadfast integrity, issuing in the formation of truly noble and manly character, exhibit.” wrote Smile, “what it is in the power of each to accomplish for himlf.” His biographies of James Watt, Richard Arkwright and Josian Wedgwood were held up as beacons to guide the working man through his difficult life.春节手抄报三年级
This was all a bit bourgeois for Thomas Carlyle, who focud his biographies on the truly heroic lives of Martin Luther, Oliver Cromwell and Napoleon Bonaparte. The epochal figures reprented lives hard to imitate, but to be acknowledged as posssing higher authority than mere mortals.
Not everyone was convinced by such bombast. “The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles,” wrote Marx and Engel in The Communist Manifesto. For them, history did nothing, it possd no immen wealth nor waged battles: “It is man, living man who does all that.” And history should be the story of the mass and their record of struggle, As such, it needed to appreciate the economic realities, the social cont
exts and power relations in which each epoch stood. For:“Men make their own history, but they do not make it just as they plea; they do not make it under circumstances chon by themlves, but under circumstances directly found, given and transmitted from the past.”
This was the tradition which revolutionized our appreciation of the past. In place of Thomas Carlyle, Britain nurtured Christopher Hill, EP Thompson and Eric Hobsbawm. History from below stood alongside biographies of great men. Whole new realms of understanding - from gender to race to cultural studies - were opened up as scholars unpicked the multiplicity of lost societies. And it transformed public history too: downstairs became just as fascinating as upstairs.
| [A] emphasized the virtue of classical heroes |
41. Petrarch | highlighted the public glory of the leading artists. |
42.Niccolò Machiavelli | [C] focud on epochal figures who lives were hard to imitate. |
43. Samuel Smiles 美容精油 | [D]opened up new realms of understanding the mass and their record of struggle. |
44. Thomas Carlyle | [E] held that history should |
五十对耳朵45. Marx and Engels | [F] dismisd virtue as unnecessary for successful leaders.产假请假条怎么写 |
| 旷古绝伦 [G] depicted the worthy lives of engineer industrialists and explorers. |
| |
练习（二）
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