高考语法：定语从句全解（配练习）
高考语法：定语从句全解（配练习）
I. 名词解释：
定语从句：
对名词起修饰限制作用的从句叫定语从句，定语从句放在名词之后。
关系代词和关系副词：
引导定语从句的词叫关系代词或关系副词。
先行词：
定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
II. 关系代词和关系副词的作用：
引导作用：
作为引导词，引导定语从句。定语从句必须有引导词，但当引导词在定语从句中充当宾语时，可以省略。
替代作用：
关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中替代它前边的先行词。
上请
成分作用：
关系代词和关系副词总是在定语从句中充当一个成分。
III. 关系代词和关系副词用法总结：
※判断使用什么关系代词或关系副词的方法是：
①判断先行词指代的是什么。②看关系代词在定语从句中作什么成分。
③注意相关搭配，如：是否使用介词；主谓一致问题；先行词有特殊特征时。
IV. 先行词指人时：
The woman ________ wears a red coat is our English teacher. (作主语)
The woman ________ I talked to just now is our English teacher. (作宾语)
The woman ________ hair is very long is our English teacher. (作宾语)
[检测]
1. There is a woman from London _____wants to e you.
A. which
B. whom
C. when
周笔畅
D. who
2. He is the only one of the workers in the factory _______ ever been given a medal.
A. who has
B. who have
C. that have
D. whom has
3. A child _____ parents are dead is called an orphan.
A. who
B. whom
C. who
D. with
4. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone _____ parents are poor.
A. of whom
B. whom
C. of who
D. who我国消防日
荷花的特征5. I am one of the boys ________never late for school.
A. that is
B. who is
C. who are
D. who am
6. The man ________is our new teacher.
A. whom you spoke
B. you spoke to whom
C. with whom you spoke
D. you spoke with whom
7. Y ou can come and stay with me for a few days as my friend Tom _____ I share the flat has gone abroad for a holiday.
A. who
B. whom
C. with whom
D. for which
8. The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing.
A. owns; are
B. owns; is
C. own; is
D. own; are
9. Y ou're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.
A. who; /
B. /; whom
C. whom; /
D. /; who
10. It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country?
A. who
学科专业知识B. who's
C. which
D. who
V. 先行词指物时：
The hou _______ is being built there will be ud as a meeting room. (作主语)
The hou _______ I bought last year has three living rooms. (作宾语)
The hou _______ window faces south is a restaurant. （作定语）
The hou _______ the window faces south is a restaurant. （作定语）
The hou the window _______ faces south is a restaurant.（作定语）
当先行词是物时，许多情况下既可以用which, 也可以用that引导，但在下列情况下只可以用that，不可以用which:
结肠粘膜1. 当先行词是不定代词：all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one时。
熟视无睹什么意思Do you have anything ________ you want to say for yourlf?
Everything ________ he had was lost in a great fire. (作宾语)
2. 当先行词前有only, any, few, little, no, all, very等词修饰时。
This is the very book ________ I’m looking for. (作宾语)
The only thing ________ we can do is to give you some money. (作宾语)
3. 当先行词是形容词最高级或它的前面有形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the tallest tree ________ I have ever en. (作宾语)
This is the best ________ has been ud against pollution. (作主语)
4. 当先行词是序数词或它的前面有序数词修饰时。
This train is the last ________ will go to Shanghai. (作主语)
What is the first American film ________ you have en? (作宾语)长春公积金查询
5. 先行词既有人又有物时（参见VI.）
6. 当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。
Which is the bike ________ you lost? (作宾语)
Who is the boy ________ won the gold medal? (作主语)
7. 有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词已用which, 另一个宜用that.
They cretly built up a small factory which produced things ______ could cau pollution.
8. 当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也在从句中作表语时。
Shanghai is no longer the city ________ it ud to be.（作表语）
[检测]
1. To get the job started, _____ I need is your permission.
A. only what
B. all what
C. all that
D. only that
2. This was the first lesson _____ he gave us in the college.
A. which
B. that
