名词单复数的讲解!!之巴公井开创作
1.不规则复数形式
1)来自古英语的复数形式,如:
child---children | foot---feet | tooth---teeth | 通报范文暗股goo---gee |
lou---lice | mou---mice扒糕 | 答应近义词woman---women | man---men |
ox---oxen | penny---pence | appendix---appendices | analysis---analys |
oasis---oas | 北京旅游攻略5日游 最大熵原理basis---bas | ellipsis---ellips 纸张大小 | crisis----cris |
medium---media | axis---axes | bacterium---bacteria | datum---data |
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七年级下册文言文当代美国英语中往往把data当做单数用,因此罕见到复数形式datas。另外,lens是一个单数可数名词,其复数形式为lens。
1)词尾读音为[f]并以-f或0-fe结尾的名词复数形式有以下几种情况:
a)规则形式:
belief---beliefs chief----chiefs cliff----cliffs grief----griefs
b)不规则形式,即把-f或-fe酿成-v,再加-es,读音为[vz]:
calf---calves half---halves leaf----leaves life----lives
loaf---loaves lf---shelves thief---thieves wife---wives
wolf---wolves
c)既可是规则形式又可是不规则形式:
dwarf---dwarfs/dwarves hoof---hoofs/hoves
scarf---scarfs/scarves wharf---wharfs/wharves
3)词干以-o结尾的名次有三种情况:
a)附属形式为-s:这类词包含缩略词kilos,photos;暗示国籍或民族的词Filipinos,Eskimos以及radios, solos, sopranos, studiosb)复数形式为-es,如:heroes,potatoes,tomatoes,Negroes。c)复数有规则的和不规则的两种形式,如:
cargo---cargos/cargoes mosquito---mosquitos/mosquitoes volcano---volacbos/volcanoes
2.单复数同形的名词
1)某些动物名词,如:deer,grou,salmon,trout,carp,bison,sheep等
2)以-e或-ss结尾的暗示民族或国籍的名词,如:Chins,Japane,Portugue,Swiss,Vietname等
3)某些以-s结尾的名词,如:barracks,corps,crossroads,gallows,headquarters,means,ries,species,works等
4)某些暗示计量单位的名词,如:horpower,hertz,kilohertz,li,mu等5)其他一些名词,如:aircraft, spacercarft,craft,offspring等。其中请特别注意-s结尾的单复数同形的名词,它们是考试的重点!!3.不成数名词不成数名词前一般不需要加定冠词,永远不克不及加不定冠词!例如下列用法均属错误:
the mathematics the banking a cloth an equipment不成数名词作主语,谓语要用单数形式。如:Water is important.但如果不成数名词前面被piece,drop,t等词修饰时,谓语应该与piece,drop,t等的单复数形式坚持一致。例如:Few drops of water are needed to save the flower.下面是典型的不成数名词,是应该熟记的!!
air,smoke,steam,vapor,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen,water,oil,soup,juice,ink,rain,snow,ice,tea,coffee,wine,sunlight,sunshine,lightning,thunder,weather,darkness,heat,light,electricity,energy,power,sugar,salt,rice,corn,powder,flour,sand,dust,dirt,garbage,grass,hair,furniture,luggage,clothing,mail,equipment,food,meat,fruit,bread,toast,stone,iron,copper,chalk,
paper,glass,wood,money,poetry,jewelry,machinery,weaponry,personnel,scenery,happiness,kindness,honesty,friendship,attention,wisdom,success,courage,bravery,health,wealth, Ignorance,trouble,ea,luck,laughter,love,peace,news,information,knowledge,intelligence,fun,pleasure,entertainment,enjoyment,recreation,relaxation,progress,room,work, homework,population,percent,mathematics,econmics,statistics,meteorology,anthropology,architecture,physics,photography,ethics,politics,mechanics,genetics,geology,geography,chemistry,philosophy,biology,history,music,English,measles,mumps,diabetes,malaria,pediatrics,obsterics请特别注意其中以-s结尾的不成数名词,大家平时应该积累遇到的不成数名词!!注意下列可数名词!!
poet poem essay newspaper machine weapon scene photograph photographer 英语中有许多名词既可作可数,又可作不成数。如:hair作“人或动物的毛”的时候是可数名词,作头发解释时是不成数名词。判断一个词是否可数,除了记忆以外,[color=Red] 主要看题中该名词的修饰词来决定。如:much只能修饰不成数名词