英语语音练习题及答案
【篇一：英语语音学课后问答题答案】
the making of
(1) /t, d/ p57
/t/ is a voiceless alveolar plosive consonant
技校可以考大学吗 /d/ is a voiced alveolar plosive consonant
如何卸载ie /t/ the top of the tongue is raid to touch the teeth ridge or alveolus, the soft palate is raid, so that the nasal resonator is shut off. in this way, a closure is formed between the tip of the tongue and the teeth ridge. then the air from the lung is compresd behind this closure and then suddenly relea the closure. the vocal folds are open or wide apart, while the vocal folds vibrate in producing the sound /d/.
(2) /s, z/ p62
/s/ is a voiceless blade- alveolar fricative sound
/z/ is a voiced alveolar fricative consonant
the soft palate is raid, so that the nasal resonator is shut off. the tip and blade of the tongue make a light contact with upper teeth ridge. the air from the lung escapes through the narrow groove in the center of the tongue between the teeth.
世界上最小的老虎 (3) /n/ p68
/n/ is a voiced alveolar nasal consonant
a. lower the soft palate to relea the air through the no;
b. put the tip of the tongue against the upper front teeth-ridge and upper side teeth;
c. keep the teeth slightly parted;
d. vibrate the vocal cords.
so that the airstream from the lung escapes through the narrow groove in the center of the tongue in producing the sound.
(4) /l/ p65
/l/ is a voiced alveolar lateral consonant
a. clo the nasal cavity by raising the soft palate;
锒铛入狱的意思
天下不帅 b. put the tip of the tongue against the upper front teeth-ridge for clear/l/, the front of the tongue being somewhat depresd;
c. hold the air in the middle of the mouth;
d. force the air out over both sides or one side of the tongue, making a lateral voiced sound.
2. classify the vowels in different ways. p16-17
搞笑动态
the pure vowels can be classified according to different 4 principles.
(2) according to the length of the vowels, they are divided into long vowels and short vowels. the pure vowels in transcription with two dots are long vowels. the diphthongs are also long. the rest are short ones.
(3) according to the shape of the lips, the vowels can be divided into rounded vowels and uounded (spread) vowels. the rounded vowels are /?:/ /u:/ /?/ /?/ and the rest are uounded vowels.
(4) according to the degree of tenness of the muscles, the pure vowels are classified as
the eight diphthongs can be classified as closing diphthongs /e?/ /a?/ /??/ /??/ /a?/.and centring diphthongs /??/ /e?/ /??/.五条禁令
3. classify the consonants in different ways. p17-18
there are 24 consonants in english. they are classified according to three different principles:
1) the vibration of the vocal folds: tho with the vibration of the vocal cords are called voiced consonants. tho without the vibration of the vocal cords are called voiceless or breathed consonants.
2) place of articulation: i.e., where the obstruction of the air passage is formed, the consonants can be distinguished as bilabial, labiodental, dental, alveolar, post-alveolar, palato-alveolar, palatal, velar, and glottal consonants.
3) manner of articulation: they can be distinguished as plosives, fricatives, affricates, nasals, laterals, frictionless continuant and mi-vowels.
4. how are /i:/ and /i/ produced? what’s the difference between them? p21-22
/i:/: the front of the tongue is raid to a height slightly below and behind the front clo position; the lips are spread; the tongue is ten; the side rims make a firm contact with the upper molars; it is generally long.
/i/: the rp vowel /i/ is pronounced with a part of the tongue nearer to the center than
to front. it is raid just above the clo-mid position; the lips are looly spread; the tongue is lax; the side rims make a light contact with the upper molars; it is generally short.
the difference is not merely the length of sound. there is also a difference in tongue position or quality. for /i:/ the part of the tongue that is highest is the centre of the “front” while for /i/ it is the hinder part of the “front”.
5. what are the common features of the front vowels? p26
(1) the front of the tongue is raid to various levels in the direction of the hard palate.
(2) the tip of the tongue is usually kept down behind the lower teeth.
(3) the lips are spread.
12星座最佳夫妻配对
6. how are the plosives produced? p56
plosives are sounds resulting from a blocking or stopping effect on the airstream.
