Standard Practice for Determining the Inclusion or Second-Pha Constituent Content of Metals by Automatic Image Analysis
利用自动图像分析确定金属的跳高训练夹杂物或第二相组成内容的标准做法
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1245; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the ca of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenthes indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
本标准发布指定E1245,该号码立即指定显示原始,如出现修订的情况,指定为今年的最后修订版本。一个数字括号内表示,去年reapproval。上标ε(e)的一篇社论指出改变自上次修订或reapproval。
INTRODUCTION
This practice may be ud to produce stereological measurements that describe the amount, number,size, and spacing of the indigenous inclusions (sulfides and oxides) in stee哪天是母亲节
ls. The method may also be applied to asss inclusions in other metals or to asss any discrete cond-pha constituent in any material.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice describes a procedure for obtaining stereological measurements that describe basic characteristics of the morphology of indigenous inclusions in steels and other metals using automatic image analysis. The practice can be applied to provide such data for any discrete cond pha.
NOTE 1—Stereological measurement methods are ud in this practiceto asss the average characteristics of inclusions or other cond-pha particles on a longitudinal plane-of-polish. This information, by itlf, does not produce a three-dimensional description of the constituents in
space as deformation process cau rotation and alignment of the constituents in a preferred manner. Development of such information requires measurements on three orthogonal planes and is beyond the scope of this practice.
1.2 This practice specifically address the problem of producing stereological data when the features of the constituents to be measured make attainment of statistically reliable data difficult.
1.3 This practice deals only with the recommended test methods and nothing in it should be construed as defining or establishing limits of acceptability.
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1.4 The measured values are stated in SI units, which are tobe regarded as standard. Equivalent inch-pound values are in parenthes and may be approximate.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its u. It is the responsibility of the ur of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to u.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E 3 Methods of Preparation of Metallographic Specimens
E 7 Terminology Relating to Metallography
E 45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Contentof Steel
E 768 Practice for Preparing and Evaluating Specimens for Automatic Inclusion Asssment of Steel2
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
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3.1.1 For definitions of terms ud in this practice, e Terminology E 7.
3.2 Symbols:
抗疫唯美句子A¯=the average area of inclusions or particles, μm2.
AA = the area fraction of the inclusion or constituent.
Ai = the area of the detected feature.
AT = the measurement area (field area, mm2).
H T = the total projected length in the hot-working direction of the inclusion or constituent in the
鸡field, μm.
L¯= the average length in the hot-working direction of the inclusion or constituent, μm.赵靓
LT = the true length of scan lines, pixel lines, or grid lines (number of lines times the length of the
lines divided by the magnification), mm.
n = the number of fields measured.
N A = the number of inclusions or constituents of a given type per unit area, mm2.
Ni = the number of inclusions or constituent particles or the number of feature interceptions, in
the field.
NL = the number of interceptions of inclusions or constituent particles per unit length (mm) of
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scan lines, pixel lines, or grid lines.
PPi = the number of detected picture points.
PPT = the total number of picture points in the field area.
s = the standard deviation.
t = a multiplier related to the number of fields examined and ud in conjunction with the
standard deviation of the measurements to determine the 95 % CI
VV = the volume fraction.
X¯= the mean of a measurement.
Xi = an individual measurement.
λ= the mean free path (μm) of the inclusion or constituent type perpendicular to the hotworking
