The Test and Training Enabling Architecture (TENA) Enabling Technology For The Joint Mission Environment Test Capability (JMETC) and Other Emerging Range
Systems
Gene Hudgins and Keith Poch
TENA Software Development Activity (SDA), Ft. Walton Beach, FL, 32548
Juana Secondine
恶之花TENA Media Specialist, Ft. Walton Beach, FL, 32548, USA
The TENA Software Development Activity (SDA) is chartered to enable interoperability among ranges, facilities, and simulations in a timely and cost-efficient manner and to foster
reu of range asts and future software systems. To achieve this vision, the TENA SDA
has developed and validated a common architecture called the Test and Training Enabling
Architecture (TENA), which provides for real-time software system interoperability using
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the TENA Middleware, as well as interfaces to existing range asts, C4ISR systems, and
simulations. The TENA Middleware, currently at Relea 5.2.1, has been ud by the range
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community for testing, evaluation, and feedback; has been ud in many major exercis
since 2002; and has been lected for u in the Joint Mission Environment Test Capability
(JMETC) prototyping demonstrations and distributed testing.
I.Introduction
The United States Department of Defen (DoD) has invested millions of dollars in test, training, and evaluation ranges. Geographically disperd, spread from the Atlantic to the Pacific and from the Canadian border to the Mexican border and including Hawaii, Alaska, and the United States territories, the air, land, and a ranges are ud by the U.S. Military Services and various other agencies with training and equipment needs that must be resolved and validated. Today’s warfighters test and train on the ranges and today’s military test and training events range from individual systems under test to small-unit maneuvering to large-scale Joint Services exercis where simulated, constructive and live events are blended to enact reprentative scenarios spread
across veral ranges. Critical data collected during the events provides weapon systems evaluation and validation, and perhaps more importantly, can quickly and definitively illuminate any necessary improvements to ensure effective and safe weapon system operation and training. This data also invariably affects almost every aspect of range operation and management, including budget definition and approval.
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Being successful in the development of any Joint testing capability requires a supporting and guiding activity, and in December 2005, the JMETC program element was formed. JMETC, the DoD corporate approach for linking distributed facilities, is a distributed live, virtual, and constructive (LVC) testing capability developed to support the acquisition community during program development, developmental testing, operational testing, interoperability certification, including demonstration of Net Ready Key Performance Parameters (KPP) requirements in a customer-specific Joint Mission Environment (JME). JMETC will provide readily available connectivity to the Services’ distributed test capabilities and simulations, as well as industry test resources. JMETC, although a testing capability, is also aligned with and complemented by the Joint National Training Capability (JNTC) integration solutions to foster test, training, and experimental collaboration.
The JMETC program has ud the Test and Training Enabling Architecture, TENA, to prototype new
testing support infrastructure. TENA, the live range instrumentation architecture for test organizations and JNTC, and field-proven in major field exercis as well as numerous distributed test events, provides JMETC a technology already being deployed in DoD. TENA provides the middleware and software component while the JMETC Virtual Private Network (VPN) provides the hardware connectivity through utilization of the existing Secure Defen Rearch and Engineering Network (SDREN) and Defen Rearch and Engineering Network (DREN)
infrastructure. As each VPN node is brought up, the JMETC team us network testing tools: NUTTCP, Mping, and the JMETC Interface Verification Tool (IVT). NUTTCP, which requires a Unix operating system, is a TCP/UDP network performance tool, and Mping, version 2 is available from Microsoft and requires Windows XP, is ud to test multicast capability between JMETC VPN sites. NUTTCP and Mping need to reside in the lab participating in the testing event. The IVT is ud to test the VPN with TENA and/or other data protocols.
黄色冈站Figure 1.FY09 JMETC VPN.
JMETC VPN operational testing us the IVT and TENA. Operational testing is performed by the Ur Support Team to verify the network can operationally support TENA and/or other data protocols.
The testing is conducted after the network infrastructure tests have been successfully performed by the JMETC network system control and will ensure the backbone JMETC VPN network from the site Service Delivery Point to other site’s Service Delivery Point and the end-ur site local network infrastructures are configured for proper and efficient TENA operations. The operational testing is executed in two phas: Pha 1: one-on-one with each new or updated JMETC VPN site, Pha 2: full mesh with all sites participating in a particular event/ exerci.
The JMETC Team’s network goal is to complete a VPN infrastructure of approximately 46 connected nodes during 2009. See Figure 1. Bad on the customer’s needs and the potential for reu, a dedicated and trusted VPN is provided on the SDREN, which is part of the Global Information Grid (GIG). The VPN sites, encrypted for Secret, also include numerous sites at Defen industrial facilities. This infrastructure can be connected to a Joint National Test Capability (JNTC) sponsored Network Aggregator to further increa the VPN capability by bridging to sites on other classified networks to include JNTC Joint Test and Experimentation Network (JTEN), Defen Information System Network (DISN) networks, the Air Force Integrated Collaborative Environment (AF-ICE) enclave, and potentially, other classified enclaves.
Together, the TENA and JMETC complement enables and enhances distributed testing and training.
While JMETC is a relatively new prence for the test and training community, TENA has evolved since the late 1990s when it was brought into play to solve an old problem that restricted range effectiveness. Many of the early range data collection and analysis systems were part of a vertical “stovepipe” growth of the instrumentation and instrumentation suites, and not able to utilize the advantages found in the concepts of range interoperability and range resource reu, concepts that allow for taking easy advantage of the growth in modeling and simulation and its revolutionary application to training, concepts that were being forwarded in the late 1990s by the Foundation Initiative 2010 (FI 2010) project, which was sponsored by the Office of the Secretary of Defen (OSD) Central Test and Evaluation Investment Program (CTEIP).
Utilizing TENA, JMETC enabled veral initial prototype demonstrations: an Air Combat example (a Data Link Messages Test Environment), Technical Alignment with JNTC events (test and training collaboration), a Land Combat example (Future Combat System (FCS) test environment), and an Information Operations example (IO Range integration). In August 2007, JMETC supported its “Stand Up” event, Integral Fire 07.
II.Test and Training Events Involving the United States Air Force (USAF) Using JMETC/TENA A.Integral Fire 07 (IF07)
Integral Fire 07 (IF07), an AF-ICE event, was a distributed test event involving all the military rvices and the U.S. Joint Forces Command (JFCOM). JMETC supported the event by providing test infrastructure and technical support.
Administered by the Simulation and Analysis Facility (SIMAF) at Wright-Patterson Air Force Ba, Ohio, IF07 had three distinct customers: JFCOM’s Joint Systems Interoperability Command (JSIC), the DoD Joint Test and Evaluation Methodology (JTEM) Joint Test & Evaluation (JT&E) program, and the Warplan-Warfighter Forwarder (WWF) initiative, sponsored by the United States Air Force (USAF) Command and Control Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Battle-lab.
For IF07, JMETC created a single infrastructure that rved the three distinct customers with different requirements who were able to test independently in the same time frame, thereby making multiple u of the same infrastructure.
•JFCOM’s JSIC conducted a technical asssment of the digital capability and interoperability to conduct Joint Clo Air Support (JCAS) in respon to immediate requests.
•The JTEM JT&E led a test activity exercising their methods and process while also providing insight to the Army’s Non-line of Sight Launch System/Precision Attack Missile
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(NLOS/PAM) and Air Force’s Network Enabled Weapon (NEW) emerging weapons concepts.
•The USAF WWF initiative tested NEW Command and Control concepts leveraging the Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missile-Extended Range (JASSM-ER) weapons system. Specifically,
WWF assd machine-to-machine data transfer from the Air Operations Center (AOC) to an
airborne platform and then direct to NEW.
TENA was successfully ud to exchange simulation or instrumentation data between sites. Specifically within their laboratories, nine sites ud the Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS) Protocol. At each of the local DIS sites, data was converted to TENA using the DIS-TENA Gateway device prior to the data being nt to another site, mitigating configuration challenges of using DIS over wide-area networks. The DIS-TENA Gateways operated satisfactory and all test objectives were met during the Integral Fire 07 test event.
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B.Interoperability Test and Evaluation Capability (InterTEC)
The Joint Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (JC4ISR) Interoperability Test and Evaluation Capability (InterTEC) is an integrated
test solution for scalable, extensible, and operationally relevant interoperability test and evaluation and is using TENA in its employment. The performance objective of InterTEC is to field an accredited test system for the conduct of joint interoperability certification testing that integrates existing interoperability testing tools and adds new capabilities in accordance with Department of Defen (DoD) policy for joint and rvice interoperability and net readiness asssments of C4ISR networks-of-systems.
The first spiral focud on developing and fielding an accredited, integrated C4ISR interoperability test capability for the tactical data link protocols of the Joint Data Network (Variable Message Format--VMF, Link 11, and Link 16). In the JMETC prototype event, InterTEC demonstrated extensibility and reu through the rapid integration of an additional live range environment including live aircraft from the Air Force Flight Test Center at Edwards AFB, California, a virtual F-15E from Eglin AFB, Florida, and additional constructive entities generated from the Air Combat Environment Test & Evaluation Facility (ACETEF) at Patuxent River, Maryland. The sites were combined with existing Spiral 1 sites to perform a joint air combat event in July 2006, and constituted the InterTEC Initial Operational Capability (IOC). Using InterTEC in the JMETC event provided a significant capability addition to InterTEC. Both the Navy Sea Range and Air Force Flight Test Center were abl
e to perform Joint Interoperability testing between Navy and Air Force live entities in a distributed Joint LVC battlespace environment. TENA acted as the key enabler of the reu demonstration.
Spiral 2, completed in mid-September 2008, extended the capability of Spiral 1 to include an integrated test capability for the Joint Planning Network protocols, to include United States Message Text Formatting (USMTF) and Over The Horizon Targeting-Gold (OTH-G). Spiral 3 will focus on intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance systems/protocols, as well as supporting the test process associated with the Net Ready Key Performance Parameter (NR-KPP).
C.Pacific Alaska Range Complex (PARC)
Pacific Alaska Range Complex (PARC), the largest instrumented air, ground, and electronic combat training range in the world, has integrated their systems to include TENA Middleware to support the operational mission and requirements of Red Flag – Alaska (RF-A). PARC is conditionally Accredited and Certified (A&C) as a JNTC venue and is the first live training range within USAF to receive JNTC A&C.
PARC’s emphasis is on Joint and Coalition warfighting capabilities, training the warfighter and providing near real experience of first 8-10 combat sorties. Three to four joint and coalition force exe
rcis are executed per year. Each warfighter exerci is a two week joint air and ground war including relevant, real-world combat scenarios with realistic threats and targets. For combat sorties, PARC provides realistic integrated air defen threats, target arrays, and adversaries, providing realistic and relevant scenarios that also improve Joint and Coalition interoperability. Training venues supported include:
•RF-A exercis;
•Northern Edge (NE) – PACOM sponsored, theater-wide;
•Joint Expeditionary Force Experiment (JEFX);
•Unit level training – Distant Frontier.
Many platforms have trained at PARC, including fighters, bombers, tankers, C2, ground, and C4ISR. Training missions include air-to-air, air-to-ground, OCA, DCA, CAS, EW, SEAD, and AAR, as well as PR/CSAR, inrtion/extraction, special ops, and tactical airlift.
Esntially PARC has created a black TENA network and red TENA network. Systems on either side publish and subscribe TENA objects and messages as needed/required; SimShield provides m
ulti-level curity as a cross domain solution by allowing the two networks to communicate amlessly at near real time.
Figure 2. PARC’s U of TENA.
D.Joint Battlespace Dynamic Deconfliction (JBD2), JEFX-08-4
In August 2008, JMETC provided LVC infrastructure support to the US Army’s Future Combat Systems (FCS) Joint Battlespace Dynamic Deconfliction (JBD2). This was a complex distributed Joint test using the JMETC infrastructure and technical support which successfully connected 16 sites and 40 unique LVC systems in four time zones.
The complexity and success of the LVC infrastructure provided by JMETC in JBD2 allowed for the execution and free play of 6 unique Joint Fires and JCAS key mission tasks supported by USA, USAF, United States Marine Corps (USMC), United States Navy (USN) and USJFCOM.
Figure 3. JBD2 JTEM Test Event Tactical Roles.
With multiple customers, JBD2 was designed to establish a rigorous test context to examine Army FCS test technology requirements needed for testing in a Joint environment. Using the test tools supplied by InterTEC, as well as TENA-transported data, the JMETC VPN was able to provide gateways so other architectures could communicate and provide data into the JBD2 scenario. Supported by JMETC, the JBD2 Test Event provided a valuable risk reduction for critical FCS test technology areas, critical network test technologies and distributed test infrastructure technologies. JBD2 also allowed the JMETC network infrastructure to further develop the baline capability needed to support system of systems level of testing across the Services.
两厢情愿The JMETC VPN performed superbly in this high profile and high data density event. The u of the JMETC and InterTEC tools and JMETC infrastructure, as well as the JMETC on-site and Help Desk customer support, were instrumental in allowing the very complex JBD2 Test Event to meet or exceed all test objectives.
E.Persistent Fire 09-01 (PF09-01), JEFX-09-1
JMETC also participated in the planning and execution of Persistent Fire 09-01 (PF 09-01) which wa
s a distributed LVC event stressing interoperability among systems and was intended to asss initiatives in support of immediate Digital Clo Air Support (DCAS) and NEW. The event was conducted over the JMETC VPN and ud TENA.
The main sites were Simulation and Analysis Facility (SIMAF) Wright Paterson Air Force Ba (AFB), Global Cyberspace Integration Center (GCIC) Langley AFB, and Command Control Test Facility – Datalink Test Facility (C2TF – DTF) Eglin AFB. Supporting sites were Systems Control (SYSCON) Pax River, Distributed Test Control Center (DTCC) Huntsville, and Guided Weapons Evaluation Facility (GWEF) Eglin AFB. TENA gateways were employed at the sites to convert DIS data from the facilities to TENA. Reu of TENA/DIS gateways from the JBD2 event was very successful with no changes required to the gateways. Training of event personnel in TENA operations and other infrastructure tasks was successful. The event was conducted with esntially minimal assistance from the TENA/JMETC team.
