高中英语主谓一致用法全汇总,仅此一份,速速收!

更新时间:2023-07-13 16:21:37 阅读: 评论:0

高中英语主谓一致用法全汇总,仅此一份,速速收!
上周,简单学习网邀请麻麻老师直播了英语语法——主谓一致相关内容。直播过后,不少同学直呼不过瘾,希望再多来一些练习题。这不,马不停蹄的整理了相关内容以及习题。赶紧看看吧,文末附习题↓↓↓
主谓一致
语法形式上的一致
主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。例如:
Jane and Mary look healthy and strong.
The number of mistakes was surprising.
解释:主语是 the number ,谓语是 was对于数字而言,它是单数,所以用了was;
反思:the number of通常跟 a number of 来对比,a number of 是大量的的意思;后面通常
是可数名词的复数,所以谓语也跟着用复数形式,比如 a number of people are rushing to the toilet.
意义上一致
1.主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。例如:
The crowd were running for their lives.
单数形式表示复数意义的词有people,police,cattle,militia等。
2.主语形式为复数而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。 例如:
The news was very exciting.
形复意单的单词有news,works(工厂)和一些以ics结尾的学科名称,如physics,politics,mathematics等。
就近原则
即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如用连词or,either…or,,not only…but also等连接的并列主语,如果一个是单数,一个是复数,谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。例如:
Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this.
应注意的几个问题
1.名词作主语
1)某些集体名词(如family,team等)作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式;如果就其中一个个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式。例如:
The whole family are watching TV.
如何做鲫鱼汤>什么歌好听His family is going to have a long journey.
这类名词有:audience,class,club,committee,company, crew,crowd,enemy,government,group,party,public,team,etc.
名词population一词的使用情况跟上述类似。例如::
The population in China is very large,and eighty percent of the population in China are farmers.
“a group(crowd) of+复数名词”等短语之后的谓语动词也同样可用单数或复数,前者强调整体,后者强调各个部分。
2)某些集体名词(如people,police,cattle,militia等)只当复数看待,谓语动词必须用复数。例如:
The police are arching for him.
3)单、复数同形的名词作主语时,谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。例如:
幼小衔接活动A sheep is over there.ad卡牌
Some sheep are over there.
4)名词所有格之后的名词被省略的情况一般只指商店、工场、住宅等,作主语时,动词一般用单数。例如:
My Uncle's is not far from here.
The doctor's is on the side of the street.
常见的省略名词有:the baker\'s,the barber\'s,the carpenter\'s,the Zhang\'s,etc,
表示店铺的名词一般作集体名词看待,但用作主语时,谓语动词往往用复数。例如:
Richardson\'s have a lot of leather goods to ll.
5)当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时,往往可以根据意义一致的原则,把这些复数名词看作一个整体,谓语用单数形式。例如:
Five minutes is enough to do this exerci.
The Selected Poems of Li Bai was published long ago.
如何学好拼音
Three years has pasd.
6)不定代词each,every,no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多个并列主语,谓语动词仍用单数形式。例如:
Each boy and each girl wants to rve the people in the future.
7)如果主语有more 或many a…构成,尽管从意义上看是复数内容,但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式。例如:
Many a ship has been damaged in the storm.
More than one student has en the film.
在“more+复数名词+than one\'’结构之后,谓语词一般用复数形式。例如:
More members than one are against your plan.
8)一些由两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具主语时;谓语通常用复数形式,如scissors,
chopsticks,compass,shoes,trours,clothes,glass等。但如果主语由“a kind of ,a pair of,a ries of等加名词”构成时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。例如:
A pair of shoes was on the desk .
9)this kind of book=a book of this kind(这种书),其谓语用单数;短语this kind of men=men of this kind=the kinds of men(口语)(这一类人),但this kind of men的谓语用单数,men of this kind和the kinds of men的谓语用复数。all kinds of后跟复数名词,谓语用复数形式。例如:
定速巡航怎么用Men of this kind are dangerous.
This kind of men is dangerous.
10)复数形式的单、复数同形名词作主语时,按意义一致的原则,作单数意义时,谓语用单数;反之,谓语用复数。这类名词有means(方法),works(工厂),species(种类),Chine,Japane等。例如:
The (This) glass works was t up in l970. (这家玻璃厂建于1970年。)
The(The)glass works are near the railway station.(这些玻璃厂在火车站附近。)
当它们前面有a,such a,this,that修饰时,谓语用单数;有all,such,the,tho修饰时,谓语用复数。但“means\',“no means\',“the means\'等词前没有以上修饰词时,可作单数,也可用作复数。
注:work作“工作”解时是不可数名词,作“著作”解时是可数名词,有单复数之分。
11)如果名词词组中心词是all,most,half,rest,part等词语,表示的是复数意义,谓语动词用复数形式;反之,用单数。例如:
All of the water is gone.
All of my classmates work hard.
12)在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如:
Between the two windows hangs a picture.
2.由连接词连接的名词作主语
13)用and或and连接并列主语,谓语动词通常用复数形式。例如:
Walking and riding are good exercis.
Plastics and rubber never rot.
但是,并列主语如果指的,是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念,谓语动词用:单数形式,这时,and后面的名词没有冠词。例如:
A knife and fork is on the table.
Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.
The girl's teacher and friend is a young doctor.海蛏子的做法大全
Truth and honesty is the best policy。
14)当主语后面跟有as well as,as much as,no less than, along with,with, like,rather than,together with,but,except,besides,including,in addition to等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的单、复数按主语的单、复数而定。例如:
The room with its furniture was rented.
The teacher as well as the students was excited.
15)以or,,,not only…but also等连接的名词(代词)作主语,谓语动词的单复数应根据就近一致的原则。例如:
Neither you nor I nor anybody el knows anything about it..
Either you or he is to go.

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