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Book 4 Unit 3 动词-ing形式作宾补、表语和定语导学案

更新时间:2023-07-13 05:53:54 阅读：评论：0

编写人：苏小霞审核人：审批人：

【学习目标】：

1.掌握v-ing作宾补、表语和定语的用法。

2.学会在口语和写作中运用v-ing作主语和宾语。

3.激情投入,快乐提升！

【自学导引】

一、动名词的形式

主动形式被动形式

一般式： doing being done

完成式： having done having been done

二、功能及用法 (作宾语补助语)（即宾补）

句型：主语隋唐历史+谓语+宾语+宾补如：

1).I felt something crawling onto my leg. 2).I heard a woman crying downstairs.

A. 在感官动词e, hear, watch, feel, obrve, listen to, notice任性的反义词等之后，往往既可接v-ing形式作宾补，也可接不带to的不定式作宾补。

提示：v-ing分词作宾补，表示动作正在进行（即处于动作的过程中，还没有结束）。

不带to的不定式做宾补，表示已经完成的动作（即动作的全过程结束了）。如：

1).I saw the girl getting on the bus. 2).I saw the girl get on the bus and drive off.

*B. 在使役动词leave, have, get, keep +sb/ sth +doing 表示让某人或某物持续地做某事（宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的主动关系，表示动作正在进行））。如：

1).It’s wrong of you to leave the machine running.

2).The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest.

3).I won’t have you speaking to your dad like that.

*C. with的复合结构（with + n / pron. + 非谓语动词）

在with 复合结构中，不定式表示尚未发生的、将来的动作；现在分词表示主动，正在进行的动作。如：

1).With a lot of work to do, I can’t go to the cinema with you tonight.（工作还未做，将要做）

2).With the boy leading us the way, we had no difficulty in finding his hou.

（the boy 与lead 间是逻辑主动关系）

三、功能及用法 (作表语)

句型：主语+联系动词+表语

A. 主语和表语都是非谓语形式时，主语和表语要取得一致。如：

1).Seeing is believing. 2).To e is to believe.

B. v-ing作表语表示泛指意义的动作，不定式作表语表示一次性的动作。如：

1).My favorite sport is playing tennis. 2).What I am going to do is to play tennis this afternoon.

四、功能及用法 (作定语雪佛兰雪崩)

A. 单个分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰的名词之前；分词短语作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之后。如：

1).boiling water 沸腾的水 a swimming pool 游泳池 an interesting story 感人的电影

2).Listen! The song being sung is very popular with the students.

3).China is a developing country.

B. 当被修饰的名词与分词为主动关系时，用现在分词的一般形式，即doing.

当被修饰的名词与分词为被动关系且表示正在进行时，用being done. 如：

1).The hous being built are for the teachers. （被动，正在进行）

2).The man standing at the window is our teacher. (主动，正在进行)

注意: 如果两个动作有先有后，一般不能用现在分词的完成式作定语，而要用定语从句。如：

The teacher criticized the student who had broken the window.

不能说：康有为老婆The teacher criticized the student having broken the window.

Exerci:

指出下列句子中的v-ing在句子中所充当的成分，并将句子翻译成中文。

1. Jenny found a wallet lying on the ground.

2. The squirrels was lucky that it just misd being caught.

3. Be quiet. There’s a sleeping boy.

4. I heard an English song being sung when I pasd by her room yesterday.

5. Don’t have the water running all the time.

6. I have never en a more moving movie.

7. Nowadays more and more children are being over weight, so keeping a healthy diet is of great importance.

8. The day was so charming.

我的疑惑：

_________________________________________________________________________________读为

_________________________________________________________________________________

我的收获：

_________________________________________________________________________________

【课内探究】

一、用所给词的适当形式填空：

1. Listen! Do you hear someone ________ (call) for help？

2. —— who gave you this message?

—— A man ________ (call) himlf Mr Zhang.

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3. I hate ________ (listen) to their complaints all day. One of the days I’ll tell them what I really think.

4. I had difficulty ______ (find) the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.

5. The problem ___________ (discuss) at the meeting is very important.

6. With much work ________ (do), I’m afraid I can’t go with you to e a film.

7. With two children _____ (attend) middle school in the nearby town now, the parents are working hard.

8. The boy _______ (stand) under the tree is one of my classmates.

9. The factory was fined for piping waste water into the river without __________ (deal) with.

10. His job is __________ (attend) to the patient.

二、完成句子：

1. When we are developing industry, we also need too keep the earth __________________ （免遭破坏）. (destroy)

2. With _________________ （这么多人讲话）at the meeting, the speaker couldn’t go on with his speech. (speak)

3. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _________ （吸烟）in the kitchen. (smoke)

三星手机刷机教程4. They u computers to keep the traffic __________（运转顺畅）. (run)

5. The hottest topic of this week _______________ （正在谈论）on newspapers and TV programs is Wall Street financial crisis and what the White Hou is going to do with it. (talk)

6. With something urgent ___________ （处理），the general manager hurried back to his office early in the morning. (deal)

7. With time ________（推移），we become older but wir. (go)

8. When she noticed the teacher _______________ （盯着看她）， she lowered her head in shame. (stare)

9. The British Isles are a group of islands ___________ （位于）the western coast of Europe. (lie)

*10. The boy couldn’t give the teacher a good reason for ________________（他上学迟到）. (late)

【课堂检测】

翻译小短文：

瞧！正在操场上打篮球的男孩是我的一个朋友，他家就在我家隔壁。他最喜欢的运动就是打篮球。他也喜欢弹钢琴，每天放学回家总能听到他在弹钢琴。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

车怎么过户【巩固提升】

疯狂背诵，牢固记忆v-ing作宾补、表语和定语的功能及用法。熟读例句以及课文中v-ing做宾补、表语和定语的句子。

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