2009高三家长年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试
英语试题
Section I U of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choo the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
Rearch on animal intelligence always makes me wonder just how smart humans are. __1__ the fruit-fly experiments described in Carl Zimmer’s piece in the Science Times on Tuesday. Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly __2__ to live shorter lives. This suggests that __3__bulbs burn longer, that there is an__4__in not being too terrifically bright.
Intelligence,__5__out, is a high-priced option. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and
is slow __6__the starting line becau it depends on learning — a gradual __7__— instead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they’ve apparently learned is when to__8__.
简讯Is there an adaptive value to__9__intelligence? That’s the question behind this new rearch. I like it. Instead of casting a wistful glance __10__at all the species we’ve left in the dust I.Q.-wi, it implicitly asks what the real__11__of our own intelligence might be. This is __12__the mind of every animal I’ve ever met.
Rearch on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would__13__on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner,__14__, is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning. we believe that__15__animals ran the labs, they would test us to__16__the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for terrain. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really__17__, not merely how much of it there is.__18__, they would hope to study a __19__question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in?__20__the results are inconclusive.
1. [A] Suppo | [B] Consider | [C] Obrve | [D] Imagine |
2. [A] tended | [B] feared | [C] happened | 小字二组[D] threatened |
3. [A] thinner | [B] stabler | [C] lighter | [D] dimmer |
4. [A] tendency | [B] advantage | [C] inclination | [D] priority |
5. [A] insists on | [B] sums up | [C] turns out | [D] puts forward |
6. [A] off | [B] behind | [C] over | [D] along |
7. [A] incredible | [B] spontaneous | [C]inevitable | [D] gradual |
8. [A] fight | [B] doubt | [C] stop | [D] think |
9. [A] invisible | [B] limited | [C] indefinite | [D] different |
10. [A] upward | [B] forward | 新的反义词是什么[C] afterward | [D] backward |
11. [A] features | [B] influences | [C] results | [D] costs |
12. [A] outside | [B] on | [C] by | [D] across |
13. [A] deliver | [B] carry | [C] perform | [D] apply |
14. [A] by chance | [B] in contrast | [C] as usual | [D] for instance | 本无心
15. [A] if | [B] unless | [C] as | [D] lest |
16. [A] moderate | [B] overcome | [C] determine | [D] reach |
17. [A] at | [B] for | [C] after | [D] with |
18. [A] Above all | [B] After all 山东酥肉 | [C] However | [D] Otherwi |
感恩节手抄报19. [A] fundamental | [B] comprehensive | [C] equivalent | [D] hostile |
20. [A] By accident | [B] In time | [C] So far | [D] Better still |
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Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
Text1
Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, tting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. “Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd,” William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the ever-changing 21st century, even the word “habit” carries a negative connotation.
So it ems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovati
on. But brain rearchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.
But don’t bother trying to kill off old habits; once tho创业电影 ruts of procedure are worn into the hippocampus, they’re there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ourlves create parallel pathways that can bypass tho old roads.
“The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,” says Dawna Markova, author of “The Open Mind” and an executive change consultant for Professional Thinking Partners. “But we are taught instead to ‘decide,’ just as our president calls himlf ‘the Decider.’ ” She adds, however, that “to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.”
All of us work through problems in ways of which we’re unaware, she says. Rearchers in the late 1960 covered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovat
ively. At puberty, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, prerving only tho modes of thought that have emed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.
