Text 1不怕寂寞
Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, tting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. "Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd," William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the ever-changing 21st century, even the word "habit" carries a negative connotation.
So it ems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. But brain rearchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.
But don't bother trying to kill off old habits; once tho ruts of procedure are worn into the hippocampus, they're there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ourlves create parallel pathways that can bypass tho old roads.
"The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder," says Dawna Markova, author of "The Open Mind" and an executive change consultant for Professional Thinking Partners. "But we are taught instead to 'decide,' just as our president calls himlf 'the Decider.' " She adds, however, that "to
decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities."
All of us work through problems in ways of which we're unaware, she says. Rearchers in the late 1960 covered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovatively. At puberty, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, prerving only tho modes of thought that have emed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.
The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently u our innovative and collaborative modes of thought. "This breaks the major rule in the American belief system — that anyone can do anything," explains M. J. Ryan, author of the 2006 book "This Year " and Ms. Markova's business partner. "That's a lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters commonness. Knowing what you're good at and doing even more of it creates excellence." This is where developing new habits comes in.
It is a wi father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal (fatherly) wisdom – or at least confirm that he's the kid's dad. All he needs to do is shell our $30 for paternity testing kit (PTK) at his local drugstore – and another $120 to get the results.
小孩对眼
More than 60,000 people have purchad the PTKs since they first become available without prescriptions last years, according to Doug Fog, chief operating officer of Identigene, which makes the over-the-counter kits. More than two dozen companies ll DNA tests Directly to the public , ranging in price from a few hundred dollars to more than $2500.
经字组词Among the most popular : paternity and kinship testing , which adopted children can u to find their biological relatives and latest rage a many passionate genealogists-and supports business that offer to arch for a family's geographic roots .
Most tests require collecting cells by webbing saliva in the mouth and nding it to the company for testing. All tests require a potential candidate with whom to compare DNA.
But some obrvers are skeptical, "There is a kind of fal precision being hawked by people claiming they are doing ancestry testing," says Trey Duster, a New York University sociologist. He notes that each individual has many ancestors-numbering in the hundreds just a few centuries back. Yet most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either the Y chromosome inherited through men in a father's line or mitochondrial DNA, which a pasd down only from mothers. This DNA can reveal genetic information about only one or two ancestors, even though, for example, just three gen
erations back people a lso have six other great-grandparents or, four generations back, 14 other great-great-grandparents.
Critics also argue that commercial genetic testing is only as good as the reference collections to which a sample is compared. Databas ud by some companies don't rely on data collected systematically but rather lump together information from different rearch projects. This means that a DNA databa may differ depending on the company that process the results. In addition, the computer programs a company us to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation.
The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike progress in both area is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectual development of the and all other societies; however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. We are fortunate that is it, becau new educational systems there and putting enough people through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations. The findings of a rearch institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radical higher pr
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oductivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living.
带水的古诗
Ironically, the first evidence for this idea appeared in the United States. Not long ago, with the country entering a recessing and Japan at its pre-bubble peak. The U.S. workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of primary cau of the poor U.S. economic performance. Japan was, and remains, the global leader in automotive-asmbly productivity. Yet the rearch revealed that the U.S. factories of Honda Nissan, and Toyota achieved about 95 percent of the productivity of their Japane counterparts -- a result of the training that U.S. workers received on the job.
More recently, while examining housing construction, the rearchers discovered that illiterate, non-English- speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industry's work.目标管理的特点
小微企业扶持政策What is the real relationship between education and economic development? We have to suspect that continuing economic growth promotes the development of education even when governments don't force it. After all, that's how education got started. When our ancestors were hunters and gatherers 10,000 years ago, they didn't have time to wonder much about anything besides finding food. Only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for other things.
As education improved, humanity's productivity potential, they could in turn afford more education. This increasingly high level of education is probably a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for the complex political systems required by advanced economic performance. Thus poor countries might not be able to escape their poverty traps without political changes that may be possible only with broader formal education. A lack of formal education, however, doesn't constrain the ability of the developing world's workforce to substantially improve productivity for the forested future. On the contrary, constraints on improving productivity explain why education isn't developing more quickly there than it is.
The most thoroughly studied in the history of the new world are the ministers and political leaders of venteenth-century New England. According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere el in colonial America was "So much important attached to intellectual pursuits " According to many books and articles, New England's leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectual life.
To take this approach to the New Englanders normally mean to start with the Puritans' theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the church-important subjects that we may not neglect. But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider the original Puritan
2019年中秋节是几月几号s as carriers of European culture adjusting to New world circumstances. The New England colonies were the scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understood ideals of civility and virtuosity.
The early ttlers of Massachutts Bay included men of impressive education and influence in England. `Besides the ninety or so learned ministers who came to Massachutts church in the decade after 1629,There were political leaders like John Winthrop, an educated gentleman, lawyer, and official of the Crown before he journeyed to Boston. There men wrote and published extensively, reaching both New World and Old World audiences, and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness.
We should not forget , however, that most New Englanders were less well educated. While few crafts men or farmers, let alone dependents and rvants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, The in thinking often had a traditional superstitions quality. A tailor named John Dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs. xual confusion, economic frustrations , and religious hope-all name together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father the first line he saw would ttle his fate, and read the magical words: "come out from among them, touch no unclean thing , and I will be your God and you shall be
my people." One wonders what Dane thought of the careful rmons explaining the Bible that he heard in puritan churched.
Meanwhile, many ttles had slighter religious commitments than Dane's, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New world for religion . "Our main end was to catch fish. "
