Evaluation of Nutriden Corn and Normal Corn for Grow-Finish Pigs
B. E. Hill,
C. T. Herr, S. L. Hankins, S. A. DeCamp, and B. T. Richert
Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University
Introduction
Nutriden corn is a specialty type hybrid of yellow corn that posss a higher oil, crude protein, and amino acid profile than that of normal yellow corn. Becau of the incread content of nutrients on a pound for pound basis, feeding nutriden corn may be a viable method to improve feed efficiency and reduce expensive fat and protein inputs for pork producers.
A grow-finish pig study was conducted to evaluate the effects of nutriden corn and normal corn during the grower and finisher phas on average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), feed efficiency (G:F), 10th rib fat depth, loin depth, hot carcass weight, premium, and percent lean. The trial was conducted from August to December 2000.
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Experimental Procedures
Five dietary treatments were formulated using normal corn (NC) and nutriden corn (NDC) and fed during a 12-week period. Treatments were as follows: A) Industry standard NC;
B) NDC on a pound for pound substitution for NC; C) NDC formulated to the same lysine level as diet A; D) NC with supplemental fat to make it isolipid to Diet B; and E) NDC with extra synthetic lysine to replace more soybean meal and further reduce dietary crude protein. Diets were changed every three weeks to create two grower and two finisher diets. The diets were formulated to meet or exceed the nutrient requirements for each x and pha of growth (Table 1) bad on the NRC (1998).
One hundred and ninety pigs (95 barrows and 95 gilts) were blocked by x, ancestry, and weight into 30 pens (6 or 7 pigs/pen; 9 or 7 ft2 /pig). One of the five dietary treatments was randomly assigned to each pen within a block. Average initial body weight was 92.2 lbs for barrows and 90.9 lbs for gilts. Pigs were weighed and feed intake recorded every 3 weeks during the 12-week period to determine ADG and ADFI, from which G:F was calculated. Tenth rib back fat thickness was measured on 3 pigs/pen with an Alkoa 210 ultrasound at week 12. Pigs were marketed after 12 weeks on their respective dietary treatment. Fat depth, loin depth, percent lean, hot carcass weight, and carcass premium were determined at a commercial slaughter facility in Indiana.
Statistical analysis of the data collected was performed using the GLM procedure of SAS. Pigs were blocked by x and initial body weight. Dietary treatment, x, and treatment x x interaction were examined to determine their effect on growth and carcass characteristics. Treatment means were also parated using the least significance difference test (LSD) in SAS.
Results and Discussion
Results are summarized in Table 2. Within this study, there were no significant dietary treatment differences in ADG or ADFI at any time period. During weeks 3-6 pigs fed diets B, D, and E had an 8.6% increa in feed efficiency as compared to tho fed diets A and C (P < .03). For weeks 6-9, diet B had significantly greater feed efficiency than diet A, (.286 vs. .264; P <
.05). Diet B displayed a 4.5% increa in overall feed efficiency (P < .05) when compared to
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diets A and C. The dietary treatments did not affect carcass composition for pigs fed NC and
NDC (Table 3).孩子在家表现家长评语
附件怎么添加Barrows displayed a greater overall ADG (2.07 vs. 1.93 lbs/day; P < .0001) and overall
thenorthfaceADFI (6.63 vs. 5.91 lbs/day; P < .0001) than gilts. However, gilts had a higher overall G:F ratio than barrows (.329 vs. .313; P < .014). Gilts were harvested at the plant with less back fat
thickness (.89 vs. 1.03 in; P < . 025), HCW, but greater percent lean (54.06 vs. 52.96%) and
carcass premiums ($5.19 vs. $3.76/cwt) than barrows. Moreover, gilts scanned with less back fat
(.69 vs .89 in.; P < .022) and loin depth (2.92 vs 3.13 in.; P < .046) than barrows.
Pigs fed NDC or NC with additional fat displayed improved feed efficiency at weeks 3-6, 6-
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9, and overall when compared to tho fed NC. The significant improvement in G:F during wk 6-
9 and overall for pigs fed diet B compared to diet A may also be related to the higher amino acid
content of the diet when NDC is ud on a lb for lb substitution for NC. Also, pigs fed NDC with decread soybean meal and incread synthetic amino acids (diet E) displayed growth rates similar to both diets formulated with NC. The results suggest that, when NDC is fed in the grow-finish period it is comparable to a typical commercial diet of NC with added fat. This improvement in efficiency can be principally attributed to the incread energy concentration of the carbohydrate source, NDC. Additionally, the added amino acids in NDC will allow for greater u of synthetic amino acids in grow-finish diets.
Application
The results of this study suggest that nutriden corn can improve the conversion of feed to product by the grow-finish pig. Current trends are shifting pork producers to be more acutely aware of nutrient utilization and efficiency of their pigs. Nutriden corn provides a carbohydrate source that is more concentrated with energy, protein, and esntial amino acids. Therefore, the producer will be able to reduce expensive feed inputs such as soybean meal, fat and lysine. In the future, as producers attempt to maximize efficiency in the grow-finish pha, the u of nutriden corn can play a vital role in improving the gain to feed ratio and reducing feedstuff inputs. However, the costs and yields associated with raising nutriden corn must be compared to the costs and maintenance
of fat tanks, associated mixing equipment, protein, and amino acid prices and identity prervation or individual storage of nutriden corn.
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Table 1. Example rearch diet formulations using normal and nutriden corns
Diets
Ingredients, % A B C D E Grow-finish period 1; 90-125 lbs body weight
Normal Corn 76.16 0.00 0.00 75.39 0.00 Nutriden Corn 0.00 76.16 77.87 0.00 79.25 Soybean meal-48% 20.99 20.99 19.24 21.05 17.79 Lysine-HCL .15 .15 .15 .15 .20 Vit/Min/Anti 2.62 2.62 2.66 2.63 2.68
Total Nutrient Content
Fat, % 3.60 4.25 4.27 4.27 4.30 ME, kcal/lb 1503 1516 1516 1517 1515 Lysine .95 1.0 .95 .95 .95 Threonine .61 .68 .65 .61 .63 Tryptophan .18 .19 .18 .18 .17 Methionine .27 .32 .31 .27 .30 Meth. + Cystine .57 .66 .64 .57 .63 Valine .77 .85 .82 .77 .79 Isoleucine .66 .74 .70 .67 .68 Grow-finish period 4; 240-265 lbs of body weight图书馆借阅
Normal Corn 90.53 0.00 0.00 89.62 0.00 Nutriden Corn 0.00 90.53 92.57 0.00 93.21 Soybean meal-48% 7.33 7.33 5.26 7.41 4.58 Lysine-HCL .15 .15 .15 .15 .175 Vit/Min/Anti 1.945 1.945 1.975 1.935 1.985 Total Nutrient Content
Fat, % 3.75 4.52 4.55 4.55 4.56 ME, kcal/lb 1516.5 1531.7 1532.0 1533.5 1532.0 Lysine .575 .631 .575 .575 .575 Threonine .40 .48 .45 .39 .44 Tryptophan .102 .111 .099 .102 .095 Methionine .203 .261 .252 .200 .250 Meth. + Cystine .430 .533 .514 .430 .510 Valine .52 .61 .57 .52 .56 Isoleucine .41 .50 .46 .41 .45
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