An Integrated English Cour III
Unit 12
Text 1 Out of Step
Key to Exercis
T ext Comprehension (pp 177-178)
I. Decide which of the following best states the author’s purpo of writing this article.
A. The author brings Americans to the fact they walk too little by citing many of his own experiences as well as others’. He does not write out any solution to the problem; he simply “sound the siren” as the last ntence of the passage shows:” And if that isn’t sad, I don’t know what is.”
II. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or fal.
1. T. Refer to Paragraph 1. The author and his wife wanted to live in a small, compact, and date town where they can go about their business on foot when they moved back to the US. As a result, they ttled down in Hanover, a typical New England town.
2. T. Refer to Paragraph 6. Though it’s convenient to go about one’s business on foot in the town, the author can hardly find anyone el who does so. At first, his acquaintances in the early days would “depart reluctantly, even guiltily” when failing to persuade the author to accept a ride as if they escaped the scene of an accident without leaving their names.
3. F. People like the man who drove his car to do the chore and the woman make a clear distinction between exerci and walking for business. They “jog extravagant distances,” or walk on the treadmill, but they never take walking in the street for a form of exercis.
行政改革4. T. Refer to Paragraphs 18- 19. The pedestrian mall constructed in the early 1970s in Laconia proved to be a commercial disaster simply becau people had to walk one block to the mall from the nearest parking place. When the shopping mall was reconstructed so that people could park their cars fight before the stores, the downtown Laconia thrived again. That suggests how reliant Americans are on their cars as a means of transport.
III. Answer the following questions.
1. Refer to Paragraphs 3 to 6. They think it strange that the author should walk around for his business and they even feel slightly guilty for leaving the author on the sidewalk without driving him t
o the place he goes to.
2. Refer to Paragraph 7. Cars are omniprent in Americans' lives. Students drive between, class; parents pick up their children from a nearby friend's home by car. Americans even go through the most extraordinary "contortions" so as to save themlves from walking. From this we can e the average Americans' life is t on the four wheels.
3. What makes the author sad is Americans' over-reliance on cars. The four wheels of the car have replaced human legs and people willingly sacrifice beauty and nature for the convenience brought by the car.
4. There is a slight touch of humor and irony throughout the passage. For instance, in Paragraph 7 the author says, "it doesn't occur to us to unfurl our legs and e what tho lower limbs can do." And in Paragraph 13 the author comments: "How thoughtlessly deficient nature is in this regard."
5. Open for discussion.
IV. Explain In your own words the following ntences taken from the text.
1. As long as we can avoid walking, we are willing to do anything possible, however unnatural or ridi
culous it may be.
2. …I was very likely the only person who had ever attempted to cross that interction on foot .
Structural analysis of the text (p178)
The author develops his ideas by means of example. He cites factual and verifiable examples: the man he obrved outside the post office, his conversation with an acquaintance of his who would drive to the gym to do exercis, his own effort to walk across the street and the commercial failure of the pedestrian mall in Laconia. The examples have made his idea more effective and convincing.笔记本天梯图
Rhetorical features of the text (p178)
1. "I confess it had not occurred to me how thoughtlessly deficient nature is in this regard" (Paragraph 13). (for lf-debament )
2. "An acquaintance of ours was complaining the other day about the difficulty of finding a place to park outside the local gymnasium. She goes there veral times a week to walk on a treadmill. The gymnasium is, at most, a six-minute walk from her front door" (Paragraph 10). (for satire on some rid
iculous contradiction in a particular act)
Vocabulary Exercis (pp179-180)
I. Explain the underlined part in each ntence in your own words.
当的组词是什么1. pleasant / comfortable;
in fact / practically
2. spread;
莎士比亚的天分legs
3. very long;
(places of) physical exercis
4. was made to realize this
5. decided not to have coffee and instead to go (to the bookstore)
6. held in mind / considered
II. Fill in the blanks in each ntence with a word taken from the box in the proper form.
1. negotiated
2. debonair
时奥3. dodging
4. notion
5. compact
6. contortion
7. thrive
8. undertaking
III. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.
1. disagreeable
3. acquainted
4. ridicule
5. triumphal
6. deficiencies
IV. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation.
1. going about
2. going through
3. pops out
4. pace off
5. pulled up
6. dug out
V. Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.
1. encountered
2. cau
3. agreed to
4. unique to
5. doing nothing
6. relied on
Grammar Exerci (pp180-182)
I. Complete ntences with the past perfect and past perfect progressive.
1. had been talking
2. had been working
3. had worked
4. had been applying
5. had broken
6. had been standing
7. had swallowed 8. had been
II. Complete the following ntences
1. has been empty
2. had been working for the company
3. had been waiting for me for half an hour
4. had had lunch
III. Complete ntences with shall, should, will, would
赋新月古诗带拼音1. will
2. shall
3. Should
4. would
5. will
6. shall
7. should
8. should
9. would 10. would
IV. Fill in blanks with one of the words and phras in the box.
<, nowadays
2. ages ago
3. lately, just
4.soon, after a long time
5. immediately, Eventually
6. once
V. Make ntences after the ntences given below.
1. After standing in the queue for hours, we got good ats.
After talking to you, I always feel better.
2. Y ou look ass if you knew each other.
He lay still as if shot.
Translation Exercis (pp182-183)
I. Translate the following ntences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1. The university is one of the most venerable institutions of higher education in the world.
2. If one is deficient in practical experience, he can hardly make himlf a success with only what he has acquired in class.
3. I felt exasperated by constant interruptions, for I had to finish writing the monograph by the end of this week.
4. He feels that it is ludicrous to write about a contemporary topic in an ancient style.
5. The Bund in Shanghai was a place where young couples liked to come to coo in the 70’sand the 80’s of the last century.
6. His daughter is very date for a girl of about ten, for she likes reading more than playing.
7. The couple strolled hand-in-hand along the country road when the sun in its first splendor steeped the earth.
8. The poet was commonly considered as an eccentric romantic genius when alive.
II. Translate the following passage into Chine
大约三年前，我和妻子对大城市的噪杂生活感到厌倦，因此，我们决定在一个小镇落户，那里安静，令人感到愉快。现在，我们的生活很好，因为这地方方便，办点事步行去就行。我经常是处走走，心情好的时候，在星吧咖啡店歇一下，喝杯咖啡，或在洲际戏院停住脚步，看一场戏。但是，有些人似乎不理解我的怪癖行为。我喜欢尽可能地多走路，这是大部分人所不能理解的，因为他们太过于依赖车子了。有时，这种情况几乎到了荒唐滑稽的程度，即便只是10分钟步行的路程，他们仍然喜欢驾车。有时，我在独自散步，他们会问我是否需要搭车。然而，我认为，车子使腿脚功能退化。在这个社会里，大多数人占据主导地位。我意识到，我或许是唯一主张短距离步行的人，这也就是我不时地遇到麻烦的原因。比如：许
多商店把门前清除干净，以便让购物的顾客停车，因为商店关心的事商业成就。
Exercis for Integrated Skills (p183)
I. Dictation.
Recently in the United States, / there has been a debate concerning old drivers. / There have been a ries of accidents / committed by elderly drivers / and they have given ri to new debates on the old issue: / how old is too old to drive? / Some people point to statistics / showing that older drivers are safer than teenagers, / at least until they reach venty-five. / Moreover, elderly drivers are less likely to drive drunk / than other drivers. However, at least twenty-one states / have special requirements/on older drivers: / tho over sixty-five and older / are required to renew their driving licen every year / and undertake vision tests. / Taking away a licen can rob older people of their independence / and force them to rely on others / for trips to the grocery store or doctor's office. / Some people argue / whether someone continues to drive or not / should be bad on performance / not just simply age.
II. Fill in the blanks with ONE word you think appropriate.
1. on
2. hates
3. as
4. growth
5. need
6. develop
7. expensive
8. on
9. affect 10. little
丽水青田11. traffic 12. which 13. offering 14. public 15. poor
Listening exercis (P184)
TRANSCRIPT
Bikes Are Just Better Than Cars
Part 1
Car? What car? We don’t need no stinking cars!
My father never owned an automobile becau a vision impairment in his right eye prevented him from obtaining a driver’s licen. My mother never drove either. I grew up in a family without a car. This made the family a bit of a statistical anomaly in a country built around the automobile. My siblings did not learn to drive until they were well into their twenties. That’s enough to make you an odd ball in America, but odder still is the fact that I, approaching the age of forty, still do not know how to drive.
When I grew up, many teenagers emed more concern ed about obtaining a driver’s licen than they were about graduating from high school. The automobile industry would have us believe that not owning a car is practically a mortal sin. What is not even having a driver’s licen then? It is tantamount to ne ver even having been baptized, never having one’s sins washed away with gasoline on the greasy banks of the petroleum river. One is forever forbidden from entering the heavenly state of acceleration, and condemned to walk along the litter filled shoulders of life’s highways while everyone el roars off toward the smoldering gray horizon.
Part 2
While all my siblings have married and succumbed to the two car family dream, I have yet to commit mylf to spending two hours a day commuting by hurtling dow n the highway neatly encad in steel while smogging up the atmosphere. Personally, I would hardly ever think about my lack of “automobility” if it were not for the fact that it rais so many eyebrows when it comes up in conversation. My students, in particular, em to be absolutely astounded whenever I mention it. When I explain to them that I do not need a car becau I ride a bike, the statement is
met with much rolling of the eyes and a certain amount of snickering. Some even insinuate that I am too cheap to buy a car. ue as that might be, there are other reasons as well.
学生感悟
For many years, I could not afford a car. Owning one was out of the question so I went for almost twenty years without even thinking about the finances involved in having one. Imagine my astonishment upon learning that today a person can spend as much on a car as it costs to put a nice down payment on a hou. Today, I am told that the yearly upkeep of a car almost exceeds what I currently pay for rent.
It puzzles me that the average person would pay such a large percentage of their yearly income to own and maintain a car. In New Y ork City you can expect to pay as much as five thousand dollars or
more to keep it running. In contrast, the ud bicycle I own cost me forty-five dollars. Over the last two years, I have spent less than two hundred dollars maintaining it.
In the urban environment that I live in, given the range of my travels, a bike is as fast as an automobile, and more convenient. Biking is also a very good exerci. It’s good to your heart and helps reduce stress. And I think the modern automotive lifestyle looks like a pretty bad deal in comparison. No wonder the industry has to spend such enormous sums of money convincing people they should own a car.
Bikes are just better than cars.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Key to Listening Exercis
A. Describe Professor Wright's family background.
Father: never owned an automobile becau a vision impairment in his fight eye prevented him from obtaining a driver's licen
Mother: never drove
Siblings: did not learn to drive until they were well into their twenties
Professor Wright: approaching the age of forty, still do not know how to drive
Answer the following questions briefly.
1. Y ou will be treated as a statistical anomaly.
Y ou will be made an odd ball.
2. Obtaining a driver's licen.
3. Not owning a car is practically a mortal sin.
Not having a driver's licen is tantamount to never having been baptized.
B. Why doesn't Professor Wright want to have a car?
-- Cars smog up the atmosphere.
-- For many years, he could not afford a car A person can spend as much on a car as it costs to put a nice down payment on a hou.
-- The yearly upkeep of a car is also very expensive--- In New Y ork City one needs to pay as much as five thousand dollars or more to keep a car running.
What, in Professor Wright's viewpoint, are the advantages of having a bike?
-- Bicycles are cheap -- The one he owns only costs him forty-five dollars.
-- The maintenance cost is low – Over the last two years, he has spent less than two hundred dollars maintaining it.
-- A bike is as fast as an automobile, and more convenient in the urban environment that he lives in.
-- Biking is also a very good exerci -- It's good to your heart and helps reduce stress.
