Suffix | Meaning | Example | |
-ac | pertaining to 属于，关于 | cardiac: pertaining to the heart 心脏（病）的 | |
-al | pertaining to | medical: pertaining to medicine | |
-ar | pertaining to | molecular: pertaining to a molecule 分子的 | |
-ary | pertaining to belonging to | ciliary: pertaining to the cilia 睫毛的,纤毛的,毛状的 | |
-a | enzyme 酶 | amyla: any enzyme that converts starch to sugar 淀粉酶 | |
-cle | smallness 小,少,贫乏,小气 | follicle: a small bodily cavity or sac 小囊,(头发的)毛囊 | |
-e | an instrument 仪器 | auriscope: an instrument for examining the ear (检查耳朵用的)耳镜 | |
-eal | pertaining to | laryngeal: pertaining to the larynx 喉的, 喉音的 | |
-ia | condition; quality | phobia: abnormal fear 恐惧，害怕 | |
-ic | pertaining to | toxic: pertaining to toxin 有毒的；因中毒引起的 | |
-ics | study of; name of a science | paediatrics: study of children, their development and dias 儿科学 | |
-ine/in | substance 物质 | insulin：substance (hormone) produced by the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas 胰岛素 | |
-ism | process or condition | alcoholism: excessive drinking of alcohol which becomes addictive 酒精中毒 | |
-ist | one who specializes in 精通于……的人 | pharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in the study of drugs 药理专家 | |
-itis | inflammation refers to a part in ……部位的炎症 | rhinitis: inflammation of the nasal passages 鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎 | |
-(i)um | relation to a whole; related to 与……相关 | endometrium: inner lining of the uter子宫内膜 | |
-ive | characterizes by | antitussive: a drug that suppress coughing 止咳药 | |
-let | 书信的范文tiny; small | droplet: a tiny drop 小滴夜行书生电视剧 | |
-ment | the result or product of an action | development: thing which develops or is being developed; action of becoming mature | |
-oid | rembling; like 像 | mucoid: rembling mucus 粘液样的 | |
-ole | little; small | centriole: the small den structure in the middle of the centrosome 细胞中心粒；中心体 | |
-oma | tumor; swelling refers to a doer | dermatofibroma: fibrous tumor of the skin 皮肤纤维瘤 | |
-or/-er | either a person or thing | receptor: a nsory nerve ending that responds to various stimuli感受器，受体 | |
-ory | characterized by; pertaining to | suspensory: which is hanging down 悬吊式，悬带 | |
-o | sugar | fructo: fruits sugar found in honey and some fruit 果糖 | |
-osis | abnormal condition | onychocryptosis: abnormal condition of a hidden nail 嵌甲 | |
-ous | pertaining to | poisonous: pertaining to poison; also containing poison 有毒的，分泌毒素的 | |
-somes | bodies | ribosome: the body of nucleic acid核糖体 | |
-um | structure; thing; substance 结构，物质 | magnesium: a white metallic chemical substance 镁（金属元素） | |
-y | condition; act; process | dystrophy: disorder caud by defective nutrition or metabolism 营养不良 | |
The following is a list of the most commonly ud compound suffixes学思践悟 | |||
Suffix | Meaning | Example | |
-algia | pain; painful; condition情人节送礼物 | arthralgia: pain in a joint 关节痛 | |
--a | enzyme | 旋转的木马 protea: digestive enzyme 蛋白酶 | |
-blast | embryo胚，胚胎，人类胚胎 | hemocytoblast: blast cell 血胚细胞，原始血细胞 | |
-carcinoma | malignant tumor developing from connective tissue 相关组织的恶性肿瘤 | adenocarcinoma: malignant tumor developing from glandular tissue 腺癌 | |
-cele | protrusion; distention突出；膨胀，延伸 | esophagocele: abnormal distention of the esophagus 食管突出 | |
-centesis | surgical puncture 手术穿孔 | paracentesis: surgical puncture of a cavity for the aspiration of fluid 穿刺术 | |
-capnia | carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 | acapnia: abnce of carbon dioxide 血液二氧化碳缺乏 | |
-cide | kill | germicide: (substance) which can kill germs 杀菌剂 | |
-clast | cell | phagocyte:cell, especially a white blood cell, which can surround and destroy other cells 噬菌细胞 | |
-dynia | pain | glossodynia: pain in the tongue 舌痛 | |
-ectasia/ -ectasis | expansion; dilation(膨胀，扩张) | atelectasis: incomplete expansion of the lungs at birth 肺不张 | |
-ectomy | surgical excision or removal of | gastrectomy: surgical removal of the stomach胃切除术 | |
-edema | excessive accumulation of rous fluid 水肿 | myxoedema: condition caud when the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone 粘液腺瘤病，粘液水肿 | |
-emia | blood condition | leukemia: any of veral malignant dias where an abnormal number of leucocytes form in the blood 白血病 | |
-emesis | vomiting 呕吐 | hematemesis: the vomiting of blood 咯血；吐血 | |
-gen | something that produced or prouduces | pathogen: a microorganism or agent capable of producing dia 病菌，病原体 | |
-genesis | production 生产 | spermatogenesis: formation and development of spermatozoa in the testes精子发生 | |
-globin | protein蛋白质 | hemoglobin: an iron-containing protein produced by erythrocytes 血红素 | |
-gnosis | knowledge | diagnosis: the process of identifying the nature or prence of a dia through knowledge and examination | |
-gram | image; picture | electrocardiogram: a graphic record of the electrical activity of heart muscle or heartbeat ud in the diagnosis of heart dia. Abbr. ECG and EKG. Syn. cardiogram 心电图 | |
-graph(y) | process of recording 记录过程 | electocardiography: the process of making or recording electrocardiograms. Syn. cardiography 心电图记录 | |
-iasis | condition; state 情况，状况 | cholelithiasis: the formation of gallstones 胆石症 | |
-iatry/ -iatrics | healing, frequently refers to a branch of medicine 康复，常指医学的一个分支 | podiatry: treatment of foot disorders 足部医疗 | |
-lith | stone | cholelith: a gallstone; a stone formed in the gallbladder 胆结石 | |
-logy | the study of | cytology: the science study of cells 细胞学 | |
-logist | one who studies and treats | urologist: a physician who specializes in the practice of urology 泌尿科医生 | |
杜鹃声里-lysis | breakdown, destruction | hemolysis: the destruction or breakdown of red blood cells with relea of hemoglobin溶血 | |
-malacia | softening | osteomalacia: softening of bone 骨软化 | |
-mania | extreme compulsion or preoccupation强迫症 | kleptomania: a morbid, uncontrollable compulsion to steal 盗窃癖 | |
-megaly | giant | acromegaly: a condition in which there is an enlargement of the facial bones as well as tho of the lungs 肢端肥大症 | |
-metry/ -meter | measurement | spirometry: measurement of the volume of air inhaled and exhaled or the air capacity of the lungs肺(活)量测定(法),呼吸量测定(法) | |
-odynia | pain | cardiodynia: pain in the heart region 心痛，胸痛 | |
-one | hormone荷尔蒙，激素 | parathormone: which regulates calcium balance among the blood, bones, and teeth甲状旁腺激素 | |
-opia | a defect in the eye眼睛的毛病 | myopia: being short-sighted 近视 | |
-opsy | to view | biopsy: excision of live tissue for microscopic diagnosis活检 | |
-osis | morbid condition病态的 | sclerosis: abnormal hardening 硬化症 | |
-osmia | smell | anosmia: loss of the n of smell嗅觉丧失 | |
-ostomy | process of making an opening into or a connection between 造瘘 | gastrostomy: surgical construction of an opening from the surface of the abdomen into the stomach胃造口术 | |
-oxia | level of oxygen氧水平 | hypoxia: a low oxygen level or a lack of oxygen in body tissues组织缺氧 | |
-pathy | dia; diad condition | ophthalmopathy: any eye dia眼病 | |
-penia | deficiency | leukopenia: deficiency of leukocytes in the blood. Syn. leukocytopenia白细胞减少症 | |
-pepsia | digestion | eupepsia: good digestion 消化良好 | |
--pexy | a fixing or tting firmly in place by suturing 缝合固定 | hepatopexy: surgical fixation of a displace liver肝固定术 | |
-phagia/phagy | eating; swallowing 吃，吞咽 | dysphagia: difficulty in swallowing吞咽困难 | |
-phil | attraction吸引，具有吸引力的事物 | basophil: type of leucocyte or white blood cell which contains granules嗜碱性粒细胞 | |
-phobia | fear | xenophobia: irrational fear of strangers对外国人的恐惧，憎恶 | |
-plasia | 惺惺作态意思是什么formation; development | hyperplasia: overdevelopment or enlargement of an organ or tissue增生，数量型肥大 | |
-phonia | voice | dysphonia: difficulty in speaking发声困难 | |
-plasm | formation; growth or substance of formation | cytoplasm: jelly substance in the cell细胞浆 | |
-plasty | surgical repair | osteoplasty: surgical repair of the bone骨整形术，骨成形术 | |
--plegia | stroke; paralysis 中风 | thermoplegia: heat or sunsrtoke热射病 | |
-pnea | breathing | eupnea: normal breathing呼吸正常，平静呼吸 | |
--ptosis | a falling, the dropping or sagging of an organ器官下移 | hepatoptosis: abnormally low position of the liver肝下垂 | |
-ptysis | spitting分散 | melanoptysis: spitting of the spleen黑色痰液;咳黑痰 | |
-poiesis | production | hemopoiesis: production of blood cells 造血作用，生血作用 | |
-rrhage/ -rrhagia | bursting forth of blood 出血 | menorrhagia: very heavy bleeding during menstruation 月经过多 | |
-rrhaphy | surgical wing or suturing | splenorrhaphy: suture of the spleen脾修补术 | |
-rrhea | overflow | hydrorrhea: watery discharge液溢 | |
-(o)rrhexis | splitting or rupture 撕裂，破裂，疝气 | amniorrhexis: rupture of the amniotic ac 羊膜破裂 | |
-sarcoma | malignant tumor developing from connective tissue | liposarcoma: malignant tumor containing fat 脂肪肉瘤 | |
-schesis | 秘密地下室 a holding back; suppression of discharge阻碍；抑制排放 | uroschesis: suppression of urine闭尿，尿潴留 | |
-sclerosis | a hardening | dermatosclerosis: hardening of the skin硬皮病 | |
-scope | instrument for viewing | stethoscope: an instrument for performing medicate ausculation听诊器 | |
-scopy | process of examining visually | hepatoscopy: examination of the liver 肝检查 | |
-spasm | involuntary contraction | angiospasm: sudden contraction of the muscles in a blood vesl血管痉挛 | |
-stasis | suppression; stoppage; control; arrest抑制，中止 | hemostasis: the arrest of bleeding 止血，止血法 | |
-stenosis | abnormal narrowing of a duct or canal管、道德异常狭窄 | laryngostenosis: abnormal narrowing of the larynx 喉狭窄 | |
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