现代农林英语课文英汉对照
硕水保163班
2016年12月29日
contents
Unit 1 Urban Agriculture ......................................................................... I Unit 2 Forestry Management ................................................................ III Unit 3 Biodiversity ............................................................................... VI Unit 4 Wetlands ............................................................................... V III Unit 5 Agricultural High Technology .................................................... XI Unit 6 Low-Carbon Agriculture ........................................................ X IV Unit 7 Urban Planning .................................................................... X VI Unit 9 Landscape Gardens ................................................................. XX Unit 10 Ecological Literature .......................................................... XXII
现代农林英语英汉对照
Unit 1 Urban Agriculture
Current Situation and Issues
The United Nations’ Food and Agriculture Organization (F AO) has warned that the 12 megacities (+10 million population) will experience increasing difficulty in feeding themlves. London’s ‘ecological footprint’ is estimated to extend to 125 times the capital’s surface area with food accounting for around 40% of this. London’s residents, visitors and workers consume 2.4 million tons of food and produce 883,000 tons of organic waste per year. The food industry makes a significant contribution to London’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) with around 11% of all jobs found in the food ctor.
联合国粮食及农业组织警告说12个拥有千万人口的超大城市将要在养活自己上遭遇越来越多的困难。据估计，伦敦的生态足迹已经延伸到城市面积的125倍，其中粮食占据40%的面积。伦敦的居民、参观者和工人每年消耗240万吨食物，产生883000吨有机垃圾。食品产业这对伦敦的国内生产总值（GDP）做出了巨大的贡献：约11%的工作可以在食品部门找到。
The Lea Valley region of East London typifies a declining industrialized horticulture. This once thriving area for food production has shrunk since the war due to the relative scarcity of labor and competition from imports from an increasingly globalized food economy. The industry now covers an
area of 120 hectares under glass. It has a high productivity with 200 or so horticultural enterpris ranging in size from less than an acre to 20 acres with production nearly always automated and hydroponic, often in peat bad media and using artificial fertilizers. There is some pesticide u but it is now lower becau of the adoption of an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) approach, whilst energy u has also been reduced through technological improvements. The enterpris ll nationally to wholesalers and supermarkets.
东伦敦的Lea Valley地区代表着衰退的产业化园艺。自战争以来，由于劳动力相对稀缺和来自日益全球化的粮食经济的进口的竞争，这种曾经蓬勃发展的粮食生产地区已经减少。该行业目前占地120公顷的温室。它具有非常高的生产力：200多个规模从小于一英亩到20英亩、几乎持续的自动化生产和水培生产、通常使用泥炭培养基和人造肥料的园艺企业。有一些杀虫剂的使用，但现在已经减少，因为采用了病虫害综合防治（IPM）方法，同时通过技术改进减少了能源使用。该企业销售给全国的批发商和大型超市。笔记本电脑怎么设置开机密码
This remnant of urban agriculture (UA) could provide an opportunity to redevelop, modify, and diversify the industry towards a more sustainable system; further improvements in technology and IPM, conversion to organic, development of sustainable, social enterpris, and production for local London markets, such as farmers’ markets, shops restaurants, and co-ops, etc., could utilize the exis
ting infrastructure and change the modes of production and food system in London.
免费领黄钻这种城市农业（UA）的残余可以为重建、修改和多元化行业使其成为一个更加可持续的系统提供机会；进一步改进技术和病虫害综合防治，转变为有机，开发可持续的社会企业以及为当地伦敦市场（如农民市场，商店，餐馆和合作社等）的生产可以利用现有基础设施并改变模式的生产和食品系统。
芳香排骨UA in East London is generally no longer a respon to cris or a ‘coping strategy’ as it once was during the first and cond world wars and in previous centuries. Commercial activities are primarily motivated by profit although some producers, particularly organic, have a
‘philosophy’ attributed to their lives and e it more than simply a way to make money. Sustained loss to enterpris result in an erosion of capital, increa in debt, and eventual bankruptcy. Social and environmental objectives and policies of initiatives (local sourcing, price discrimination/sliding subscription scales, workers’ rights and conditions, animal welfare, etc.), need to coexist with financial profitability and economic sustainability if they are to survive and thrive.
东伦敦的城市农业不再是应对危机或“应对策略”的反应，就如它曾经在第一次和第二次世界大战和在过去的几个世纪中那样。商业活动主要是由利润驱动，虽然一些生产者，特别是有机生产者，由于他
们富有哲理的生活使他们看到它不仅仅是一种赚钱的方式。企业的持续亏损导致资本流失，债务增加和最终破产。社会和环境的主体以及初步政策（地方采购，价格歧视/滑动认购规模，工人的权利和条件，动物福利等）需要与金融利润和经济可持续共存，如果他们要生存和繁荣的话。
Recreational food growing is motivated by factors other than profit, such as therapy and enjoyment. UA activities do provide a way for low-income groups to have a supply of fresh fruit and vegetables along with many of other benefits, contributing to houhold food curity and nutrition. This is of particular importance to communities in East London experiencing problems in the availability of, and access to, affordable, fresh food or ‘food poverty’.
休闲食物的生长是由于除了利润之外的因素的促进，如治疗和享受。城市农业活动为低收入群体提供了一种获取新鲜水果和蔬菜以及许多其他利益的方法，有助于家庭食品安全和营养。这对东伦敦正在经历可负担得起的新鲜食物或“粮食贫困”的获得和获得方面的问题的社区尤其重要。
Unit 2 Forestry Management
The Economic and Ecological Gains of a Green Drive
绿色驱动下的经济和生态增益
香菇汤的做法
Forests are replacing fields for the snake of ecology and economy, and it ems what’s good for the planet is good for the wallet.
为了寻求生态和经济，森林正在取代农田，这看起来就像对地球有利的对钱包也有利。
游牧民族Good for the Wallet
对钱包有利
长毛狗‘This mountainous area is barren, and the output of my corn and rice fields wasn’t enough to live on. A year’s hard work gave me mirly returns, and not a penny saved before the project was carried out,’ said Zhao Liping, a farmer in Wenshan Village of Hongya County, Sichuan Province.
四川省洪雅县文山村的一位农民赵立平说：“山区土地贫瘠，我的玉米田和水稻田的产出都不够维持生活。一年的劳作给我极少的回报，在工程执行前几乎没有攒下积蓄。”
10 years ago, like 600 other houholds in the village, Zhao relied on 13 Mu (15 Mu = 1 hectare) of arable land to barely make ends meet. He contracted a small lot of forestland to supplement his income, but poor mountain paths made the cost of lumber and people movement extremely high, canceling out the revenue.
十年前，赵立平就像村里其他600户家庭一样，依靠着13亩耕地勉强维持收支平衡。他签订了一小片林地来增补他的收入，但是差劲的山路使得木材和人的移动所产生的费用非常高，这部分就抵消了收入。
The year 2001 saw big changes as projects returning farmland to forest were piloted here. Zhao was involved, planting eucalyptus and tea on his own land. In addition, he was subsidized RMB 230 for each Mu, which almost equaled the farming revenue. With the newly assighed forest, he had a total of over 40 Mu of land. And the expected increa in income was en as the trees grew. Zhao and his fellow villagers were very satisfied.
2001年这一年见证了巨大的转折因为退耕还林工程在这里进行了试验。赵立平也涉及了这项工程，在他的地上种植了桉树和茶树。他还获得了额外的每亩地230元的津贴，相当于他种地的收入。包括新分配的林地在内，他总共拥有超过40亩的土地，以及随着林木生长而可以预期的增长的收益。赵立平和他的村民同伴对此非常满意。
Thanks to the subsidies, Zhao and his family are no longer ruled by the land. They started to rai chickens, cultivate trees and bamboo, or take asonal work at factories or mines. Three years later, he had some saving t aside and knocked down their old adobes to make way for a now hou.
弃女打一成语
得益于这额外的收入，赵立平和他的家人不在受限于土地。他们开始养鸡、栽植树木和竹子，或者在工厂或者矿井做一下季节性的工作。三年后，他有了一些存款并推翻了他们的旧房子来盖新房子。
In Zhao’s memory, there wasn’t a single multiple-floor residence here before 2001. Not every houhold in the village has moved into multiple-storey housing, but over 80percent farmers now own a mobile phone, and many bought motorcycles too.
生怕的意思在赵立平的记忆里，2001年以前村里没有独栋的多层楼房。虽然村里不是所有的居所都换成了多层楼房，但是超过80%的农民拥有了移动电话，许多人还购买了摩托车。
