Ernest Hemingway
1. His life and writing:
Hemingway was a myth in his own time and his life was colorful. He was born in Oak Park, Illinois. Hemingway loved sports and often went hunting and fishing with his father, which provided him with writing materials. During World War I he rved as an honorable junior officer in the American Red Cross Ambulance Corps and in 1918 was verely wounded in both legs. Later he actively participated in the Spanish Civil War and World War II. In 师范类学校排名1954, he was awarded the Nobe1 Prize for literature. In 196l, in ill hea1th, anxiety and deep depression, Hemingway shot himlf with a hunting gun.学校工作汇报材料
2. His major works:
朗读指导Greatly and permanently affected by the war experiences, Hemingway formed his own writing style, together with his theme and hero.
His first book In Our Time (1925) prents a Hemingway hero called Nick Adams. Expod 胎心仪
to and victimized by violence in various forms, Nick becomes the prototype of the wounded hero who, with all the dignity and courage he could muster, confronts situations which are not of his own choosing yet threaten his destruction.
The Sun Also Ris(l926), Hemingway's first true novel, casts light on "The Lost Generation." The young expatriates in this novel are a group of wandering, amusing, but aimless peop1e, who are caught in the war and removed from the path of ordinary life.
Hemingway's cond big success is A Farewell to Arms (1929) wrote the epitaph to a decade and to the whole generation in the 1920s. It tells us about the tragic 1ove story about a wounded American soldier with a British nur. Frederick Henry reprents the experience of a whole nation, who is wounded in war and disi11usioned with the insanity and futility of the univer. In this novel, Hemingway not on1y emphasizes his belief that man is trapped both physically and mental1y, but goes to same lengths to refute the idea of nature as an expression of either God's design or his beneficence and to suggest that man is doomed to be entrapped.
For Whom the Bell Tolls concerns a volunteer American guerrilla Robert Jordan fighting in the Spanish Civil War. Although fully aware of the doomed failure of his struggle, he keeps on striving becau it is a cau of freedom and democracy. In the end, the manner of his dying convinces people that life is worth living and there are caus worth dying for.
紫色的英语单词 The Old Man and the Sea, capping his career and leading to his receipt of the Nobel Prize, is about an old Cuban fisherman Santiago and his losing battle with a giant marlin. In a tragic n, it is a reprentation of life as a struggle against unconquerable natural forces in which only a partial victory is possible. Nevertheless, there is a feeling of great respect for the struggle and mankind.
Hemingway's other important works include Men Without Women (1927), Death in the Afternoon (l932), The Green Hills of Africa (1935), The Snows Of Kilimanjaro (1936) and To Have and Have Not (1937).
3. The thematic patterns of his works:
① The Lost Generation: It refers to, in general, the post-World WarⅠgeneration, but specifically a group of expatriate disillusioned intellectuals and artists, who experimented on new modes of thought and expression by rebelling against former ideals and values and replacing them only by despair or a cynical hedonism.
② The Hemingway Code Hero: It refers to some protagonists in Hemingway's works. In the general situation of Hemingway's novels, life is full of tension and battles; the world is in chaos and man is always fighting desperately a losing battle. Tho who survive and perhaps emerge victorious in the process of eking to master the code with a t of principles such as honor, courage, endurance, wisdom, discipline and dignity are known as "the Hemingway code".
4. Hemingway's style:
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His style is probably the most widely imitated of any in the 20th century. He is generally known for his "mastery of the art of modern narration." Hemingway himlf once said, "The dignity of movement of an iceberg is due to only one-eighth of it being above water.
Typical of this "iceberg" analogy is Hemingway's style.
According to Hemingway, good literary writing should be ab1e to make readers feel the emotion of the characters directly and the best way to produce the effect is to t down exact1y every particular kind of feeling without any authoria1 comments, without conventionally emotive language, and with a bare minimum of adjectives and adverbs. Seemingly simple and natural, Hemingway's style is actually polished and tightly contro1led, but highly suggestive and connotative. While rendering vividly the outward physical events and nsations Hemingway express the meaning of the story and conveys the complex emotions of his characters with a considerable range and astonishing intensity of feeling. Besides, Hemingway develops the style of co1loquia1ism initiated by Mark Twain. The accents and mannerisms of human speech are so well prented that the characters are fu11 of flesh and blood and the u of short, simple and conventional words and ntences has an effect of clearness, terness and great care. This ruthless economy in his writing stands as a striking app1ication of Mies van der Rohe's architectural maxim: "Less is more." No wonder Hemingway was highly praid b
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y the Nobel Prize Committee for "his powerful style-forming mastery of the art" of creating modern fiction.
