大学英语四级分类模拟题413

更新时间:2023-07-11 09:11:59 阅读: 评论:0

大学英语四级分类模拟题413
Reading Comprehension
Section A
There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. The one most widely accepted today is  1  on the assumption that drama evolved from rituals. The argument for this view goes as follows. In the beginning, human beings  2  the natural forces of the world, even the asonal changes, as unpredictable, and they sought through various means to cont rol the unknown and  3  powers. Tho  4  were then retained and repeated until they hardened into fixed rituals, and eventually stories aro which explained or covered the mysteries of the religious ceremonies. As time pasd, some rituals were abandoned, but the stories, later called myths, persisted and provided material for art and drama.
Tho who believe that drama evolved out of rituals also argue that tho religious ceremonies contained the ed of theater becau music, dance, masks, and costumes were always ud. Furthermore, a suitable site had to be  5 ., and when the entire community did not participate, a clear  6  was usually made between the acting area and the auditorium (观众席). In addition, there were perfo
搭帐篷英语
rmers, and since  7  importance was attached to  8  mistakes in the enactment (举行) of religious ceremonies, religious leaders usually assumed that task.
Another theory traces the theater's origin from the human interest in storytelling. According to this view, tales are  9  elaborated (阐述), at first through the u of impersonation (模仿), action and dialogue by a narrator and then through the assumption of each of the roles by a different person. A cloly related theory  10  theater to tho dances that are primarily rhythmical and gymnastic or that are imitations of animal movements and sounds.
A. avoiding                  I. preferable
B. bad                    J. produced
C. considerable              K. provided
D. division                  L. similarly
E. gradually                M. terrifying
手工挂面F. making                    N. traces
G. measures                  O. viewed
H. portion
Section B
The Psychology of Weddings
A. Weddings, like any other major life event, can bring out the best and worst in all of us: generosity, creativity, humor, as well as jealousy, control, and even boredom. Many times, women and men approach weddings from vastly different points of view. It ems that women are more obvious about their feelings, yet weddings also deeply affect men as well—especially, of cour, the groom. Here are some insights into women's psychology of weddings.谈恋爱的情话
B. All women have, at some level, an amount of "wedding indoctrination (教条)" buried deep within. We are raid to believe in the "fairy-tale romance", and whether the idea is appealing or revolting, we've all been expod over and over again to the notion of being rescued by a handsome prince riding on a white hor. There's also not much of a leap between a bride and a princess in the female psyche. The traditional bridal gown is our one
opportunity to be "Queen for a Day". Our officiant (司仪牧师) "crowns" us in front of loving spectators and pronounces us husband and wife, and after much fanfare (号角声), we are rved an elegant meal by tho who wait on us. The bride even has her very own attendant and the maid of honor.
C. The ceremony itlf is expected by many women to be "perfect"; a wealth of advertising budgets are spent convincing you that one rvice or prod uct will help you "create the perfect day". "Perfect", in fact, is probably the word ud most often in wedding advertising. Ladies, it's our one opportunity in life to play the ultimate dress-up, make a grand entrance with the perfect dress, hair, makeup, and more. We express our vows with perfect grace and poi, exchange rings as symbols of our eternal bond and then turn to face our adoring audience as they spend the remainder of the day congratulating and admiring us. The photographer captures each precious moment as it unfolds. As we arrive at the reception and are prented (complete with our new title), we are ated above the crowd, surrounded by our admirers, beautiful flowers, gifts, and music. We are the first to be rved, the first to dance, and the first to cut the cake. When el in our lives is one day centered completely around us?
D. While men tend to think of all this that women take very riously as a lot of hoopla (喧闹), tho who take it a little too riously turn into the dreaded "Bridezilla"—the ultimate control freak (控制欲
强的人) and perfectionist who delights in bossing others around, who is never satisfied. For most brides, however, the wedding is an experience in the ultimate event planning. Although many advertirs claim that weddings can and should be stress-free, we all know that they never are. We place too much importance—consciously or unconsciously—on our wedding to have a casual attitude about it. What is it within us women, in particular, that demands such impossibly high standards?
E. First, let's look at the "Queen for a Day" analogy (类比). Women still struggle with discrimination, even in 21st-century America. We all share the same wound, whether we are lf-made CEOs bathing in the limelight (关注的中心), or berated (挨骂的) customer rvice agents bathing in a a of gray corporate cubicles (小隔间). We all struggle to be taken riously, even if it is just for a day. Rather ironic, then, is that a large and often complex event like a wedding offers us symbolic respite (暂缓) from the lack of control we often feel in our daily life. Men, by contrast, truly don't em to get angry when the bouquet (花束) is not what was originally chon. Men just em to be able to roll with the things, generally speaking, so much better than women.
F. And "better than" is exactly what's deeply buried underneath all our expectations, hopes, and dreams. While women strive to show that, on this one single day, they can be "better" than any other
day, men sail through all the planning details with nonchalance (冷淡). When men get involved in the planning details, the meaning of it all just isn't there like it is for women. Men don't care if there are ros or lilies. Somehow, they've managed to keep their focus on the one thing that really counts: that they are committing to the love of their lives if they're married at the end of the day, that's all that really matters. We know it, and they know it. So, how do we as women find our balance?
G. First, we have to take a bold and daring look inside ourlves. In our drive for perfectionism, we as women have possibly encountered some degree of ironic failure. It's more often that men, our beloved husbands, who keep a cool head and (if we have just a little awareness) show us that, they are "better". They've probably not lost any sleep over the details of the planning.
They may have tosd and turned the night before the wedding when the reality of "lifelong commitment" starts to sink in, but that's fodder (素材) for another article.
H. So ladies, what's the worst that could happen if our wedding isn't perfect? Do we think our audience of beloved family and friends will realize we aren't perfect either? Oh no! Perhaps they will think we don't derve our new status. Or, even wor, maybe they just won't take us riously.
I. This may all sound too harsh, but as a woman, a bride, a bridesmaid, and a wedding guest, I've
en it firsthand. All of us—women and men included—strive to prove to ourlves each day that we matter, that we are important, capable, and above all, worthy. We can convince ourlves that everyone adores us and is ever so impresd by us. For women, delusions of grandeur (妄自尊大) come out in full force at our weddings, and many other more mundane occasions. And, to be fair, men's do too—just usually not at weddings.
11、 We can hardly have a casual attitude about weddings becau we attach too much importance to them.
12、 Women have expectations of a high-standard wedding becau they want a better feeling out of the ordinary life.
13、 Men and women usually have very different views toward weddings.
14、 Women are likely to fail in their drive for perfectionism.
15、 A well-planned wedding offers women an opportunity to shortly escape from the feeling of lack of control.
16、 The idea that a bride is like a princess in the "fairy-tale romance" can best describe "wedding in
doctrination" within women's heart.
17、 The most important thing that men focus on in the weddings is that they are making promis to their beloved ones.
18、 Convinced by much advertising, many women expect their wedding ceremonies to be perfect.
19、 Women are still struggling with the fact that they are not being taken riously even in the 21 st-century America.
20、 That everyone adores us and is ever so impresd by us at the wedding is just delusions of grandeur.
Section C
Passage One
大海怎么形容
Recreation is for everyone regardless of age, shape, fitness level or ethnicity. Too often recreation is considered something that is fine for children, but an indication of unwillingness to work on the part of adults. The recreational experience brings balance into man's life, and can be the most dominant social force in modem society.
There are three principal factors in the daily life of every adult: his work, by which he earns his living; his leisure, in which he gains much of his reason for living; and his sleep, through which he recovers to be ready once more for work and leisure. This, of cour, is an oversimplification of life, but it is an indication of the broad components that make it up. Within each of the, however, there are many lesr components.
The work of a large majority of our employed population is relatively dull, and often frustrating. In addition, the work of a large percentage of our population is prescribed by an authority who says, "Do this or el." This means that relatively few people have the opportunity to make choices in their work time. Even though men may not be ruled by machines in their work, they are automatons (机器人) to some degree becau prescribed methods give them few opportunities to exerci their initiative.
Although there is considerable disagreement among scientists about the activity that takes place during sleep, there ems to be good evidence that man is not conscious of his actions while he is asleep. This means that another gment of daily living is not directed by the individual, except in the degree that it is directed through subconscious or unconscious thought. This, therefore, leaves leisure as that component of daily living in which a man has the opportunity to make choices about hi
s activity. Since he has the opportunity for choice, man may follow either a constructive or a destructive path. There are many ways in which man shapes his leisure, that is, the time when he is not working or sleeping.
21、 What's the common conception about leisure?
A. It leads to children's laziness.                C. It is more esntial to children.
B. It is the most dominant force in modern society.    D. It indicates some adults are reluctant to work.
22、 The three principal factor—work, leisure and sleep are ______.
A. what make up a human being                C. the facts of life
B. the components of adults' life                D. the reasons of being alive
23、 Employees are robots to some extent becau prescribed work rules ______.
A. prevent them from making their own choices
B. stop them from exercising their initiative
C. require them to work efficiently
D. cau them to work automatically
24、 What do we learn from the last paragraph?
A. Scientists know clearly about the activities that take place during sleep.
B. People always make good choices on how to spend their leisure time.
C. Evidence shows that the actions during sleep are not directed by people.
D. Only work allows adults to think on their own in their daily life.
25、 In what respect is people's leisure different from work?
A. It allows them to make choices freely.
B. It refreshes them to be ready for work again.
C. It forms the largest portion of their life.
D. It involves their subconscious and unconscious thoughts.
Passage Two
People who spend their days glued to networking websites such as Facebook and Twitter are more likely to be depresd, a U.K. study has revealed.
A team of rearchers at the University of Leeds have conducted the first large-scale survey of its kind to find a link between the Internet and depression.
"The Internet now plays a huge part in modern life, but its benefits are accompanied by a darker side," said psychologist Catriona Morrison, leader of the study team.
The survey was administered online, with ads placed on social networking sites, and 1,319 people took the tests. Participants were asked to answer questions in Internet Addiction Test, Internet Function Test (to e what people u the Internet for most) and the Beck Depression Inventory.桔子和橘子一样吗
Morrison and her team found that 1.2 percent were "Internet addicted." When they were matched ag
ainst non-addicted Internet urs within the survey, the difference in depression ratings was significant: The addicts showed higher levels of depression than their non-addicted counterparts.
In addition, the team found a correlation between the type of sites
visited and the level of ur addiction. According to the study, Internet addicts spent more time on "gaming websites and online community/chat", whereas the non-addicted group perud (浏览) a wider range of sites.
But Morrison acknowledged some caveats (提醒) to the study. The Internet Addiction Test, although a uful tool in studying this modern-age addiction, is not a foolproof(错不了的) method of diagnosis. New tests including measurements of social isolation and loneliness may provide a more accurate measure to continue rearch in this area.
"What is clear," said Morrison, "is that for a small subt of people, excessive u of the Internet could be a warning signal for depressive tendencies."
The study also leaves many questions unanswered: Do people become depresd becau they are addicted to the Internet or turn to the Internet becau they're depresd?
Morrison hopes future studies of Internet urs will help define what this link might be. "We now need to consider the wider societal implications of this relationship and confirm clearly the effects of excessive Internet u on mental health."
26、 What do we know from the U.K. study?
A. The u of the Internet has little to do with depression.
心扉
B. The Internet is mainly ud to communicate with others in our daily life.长飞光纤光缆
三年级语文教学反思C. People addicted to social networking websites are more easily to be depresd.
D. The disadvantages of Internet u are much more than the benefits of it.
27、 What's the purpo of Internet Function Test from the passage?
A. To e the levels of Internet addiction among respondents.
B. To e what the Internet's most common u is for people.
C. To show the levels of depression of the Internet addicts.
D. To show what effect the Internet has on people's life.
28、 Who are more easily addictive to the Internet according to the passage?
A. Tho who have the depressive tendencies.
B. Tho spending more time chatting online.
C. Tho who work depends on computers.
D. Tho browsing a wide range of websites.
29、 What do we learn about the Internet Addiction Test?
A. It tells us the cau of Internet addiction.
B. It's an accurate measure to study Internet addiction.
C. It's not a uful method to study Internet addiction according to Morrison.
D. It's less accurate than new tests including measures of social isolation and loneliness.
30、 What can be inferred from what Morrison says at the end of the passage?
A. It is clear that excessive Internet u leads to some people's depression.
B. There are some other societal reasons leading to people's depression.
C. The impact of excessive Internet u on mental health is not clearly verified yet.
D. It is very hard to define the correlation between depression and Internet u.

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