三大子句：名詞子句、形容詞子句、副詞子句
1、名詞子句的功用：作主詞、作受詞、作補語、作同位語用。
作主詞用時：What you are doing ems very difficult.
句子中的What you are doing即是名詞子句作主詞用。
另外要注意，名詞子句作主詞，用單數動詞。
且名詞子句永遠是肯定敘述句的形式 ===>主詞+動詞军官和士官的区别+疑問詞+主詞+動詞。
此種句型稱為"間接問句"，常接於kow, doubt, wonder, tell, ask…等動詞後。
例句：Mr. Chen knows what that word means.
作受詞用時：Do you know where he lives?
句子中where he lives作為前面的及物動詞know的受詞。
作補語用時：My parents amke me what I am today.
句子中what I am today即作受詞me的補語。
方貌作同位語用：The idea that you can do the work without thinking is quite wrong.
句子中that you can do the work without thinking 是作這個句子的主詞idea的同位語。
所謂「同位語」，就是一個名詞後面，再用一個名詞，作進一步解釋。
例句：Mr. Chen, our English teacher, is a learned man.
2、形容詞子句的功用：修飾主詞、修飾受詞、修飾主詞補語
修飾主語時，例句：学生演讲稿The book which you gave me was interesting.
句子中，which you gave me 用來修飾主詞the book。
修飾受詞時，例句：I lost the book which you gave me yesterday.
這時，句子中的which you gave me yesterday用來修飾受詞book。
修飾主詞補語時，例句：This is the reason why he didn't come.
the reason 為句子的主詞，而why he didn't come則為用來修飾主詞用的補語
3、副詞子句的主要功用：修飾動詞、修飾形容詞、修飾副詞
修飾動詞時，例句：When it rains, I usually go to school by bus.
句子中的副班主任工作总结When it rains, 為副詞子句，用來修飾後面的動詞go
修飾形容詞時，例句：We were glad becau we had you with us.
句子中的becau we had you with us為副詞子句，用來修飾前面出現的glad。
修飾副詞時，例句：He ran so quickly that I couldn't catch him.
句子中，低洼的拼音that I couldn't catch him為修詞副詞so的副詞子句。
Ａ．名詞子句：代表一件事情。名詞可以當主詞、受詞和補語。名詞子句也行。
奶油夹心蛋糕
Whether we stay or not depends on you. (我們是否要留下來(一件事，當主詞)視你而定。)
I don't know what you say. (know是及物動詞，故後面的這一件名詞子句當受詞來接受這個及物動詞。)
This is what she said. (beV之後的我們稱之為補語，補充說明主詞的主詞補語，故此一名詞子句當補語用)
Ｂ．副詞子句:由表時間、條件、原因、讓步及附帶條件所引導的子句。
表時間 When I came home, my sister was taking a shower.
表條件If it rains, I will stay home. 世曲拍
表原因Becau I was tired, I fell alep at once.
表讓步 Though he studied hard, he failed the test.
表附帶條件 She is a good wife and she never complains.
Ｃ．形容詞子句:就是關係子句， 必定是放在名詞之後來修飾名詞。
我們先說一下在這個關係子句中開頭的who / that / which這些就是關係代名詞
『子句』是句子的一部份 , 關係子句是在陳述說話者所說的是哪個人或哪件事(或者是哪種人或哪種事):例 : the woman who lives next door… (告訴我們是哪個女人)
例 : people who live in London… (告訴我們是哪種人保守秘密)
我們談人的時候 , 關係子句中我們用who(稱之為主格), 而不用he / she / they
例 : An architect is someone who designs buildings.
例 : What was the name of the man who lent you the money.
例 : Anyone who wants to do the exam must enter before next Friday.
當我們談論到東西的時候 ,在關係子句中用that或which(稱之為主格)
例 : I don’t like stories that have unhappy endings.
例 : Barbara works for a company that makes washing machines.
例 : the machine that broke down has now been repaired.
(以上各句中的that都可以which 來代替)
在關係子句中 , 我們用who代替 his / her / their , 而who多半是指人(稱之為所有格)
例 : A widow is a woman who husband is dead. (her husband is dead)
例 : What’s the name of the man who car you borrowed? (you borrowed his car)
例 : A few days ago I met someone who brother I went to school with.(I went to school with his/her brother)
有時候在形容詞子句中已有主詞，但句中有及物動詞或介系詞時，後面要加受格
例 : The woman whom I wanted to e was away on holiday.
名詞子句 ：
6-1) 當主詞 What is whispered is heard all over town.
6-2) 當受詞: 當動詞的受詞 Nobody knows which came first, the chicken or the egg.當介系詞的受詞 Success comes to whoever is ready for it.
6-3) 當主詞補語: His wild speech was what frightened us away.
6-4) 當同位語: The fact that you were late again made me angry.
7) 形容詞子句
7-1)限定用法 All students who do not study will fail this cour.
7-2)非限定用法 My grandfather, who is eighty years old, collects stamps.
8) 副詞子句
After she graduates, she will get a job.
