经济金融术语汉英对照表
经济金融术语汉英对照表
A
安全网safety net
按可比口径on comparable basis
按轻重缓急to prioritize
暗补implicit subsidy
暗亏hidden loss
B
颁发营业执照to licen; to grant a licence to
办理存款业务to take deposits
保护农民的生产积极性to protect farmers' incentive to produce
备付金（超额准备金）excess rerves
本外币并账consolidation of domestic and foreign currencyaccounts
本外币对冲操作sterilization operation
本位利益localized interest; departmentalism
奔小康to strive to prosper; to strive to become well-to-do
避税（请见“逃税”）tax avoidance
币种搭配不当currency mismatch
币种构成currency composition
变相社会集资disguid irregular（or illegal）fund raising
表外科目（业务）off-balance-sheet items（operation）
薄弱环节weakness; loopholes
不变成本fixed cost
不变价at constant price; in real terms
不动产real estate
不良贷款（资产）problem loans；non-performing loans（asts）
C
财务公司finance companies
财政赤字fiscal deficit
财政挤银行fiscal pressure on the central bank（over monetary policy）
财政政策与货币政策的配合coordination of fiscal and monetary policies
采取循序渐进的方法in a phad and quenced manner
操作弹性operational flexibility
操纵汇率to manipulate exchange rate
腾云驾雾的近义词
产品构成product composition; product mix
产品积压stock pile; excessive inventory
产销率current period inventory;（即期库存，不含前期库存）sales/output ratio 产销衔接marketability
产业政策industrial policy
长期国债treasury bonds
敞口头寸open position
炒股to speculate in the stock market
承购包销underwrite（curities）
成套机电产品complete ts of equipment; complete plant（s）
城市信用社urban credit cooperatives（UCCs）
城市合作银行urban cooperative banks; municipal united banks
城市商业银行municipal commercial banks
城乡居民收入增长超过物价涨幅real growth in houhold income
持续升温persistent overheating
重复布点duplicate projects
重置成本replacement cost
重组计划restructuring plan
筹资渠道funding sources; financing channels
初见成效initial success
出口统一管理、归口经营canalization of exports
出口退税export tax rebate
储蓄存款houhold deposits（不完全等同于西方的savingsdeposits，前者包括活期存款，后者不包括。）事以密成
储蓄分流diversion of houhold deposits
储源萎缩decline in the availability of houhold savings
传导机制transmission mechanism
从价税ad valorem tax
从紧控制tight control
存贷款比例loan/deposit ratio
存款保险体系deposit insurance system
存款货币银行deposit money banks
存款准备金required rerves
D
打白条issue IOU
大额存单certificate of deposit（CD）
大额提现withdraw deposits in large amounts
大面积滑坡wide-spread decline
大一统的银行体制（all-in-one）mono-bank system
呆账（请见“坏账”）bad loans
呆账准备金loan loss rerves（provisions）
呆滞贷款idle loans
贷款沉淀non-performing loans
贷款分类loan classification
贷款限额管理credit control; to impo credit ceiling
贷款约束机制credit disciplinary（constraint）mechanism
情绪急救代理国库to act as fiscal agent
代理金融机构贷款make loans on behalf of other institutions
戴帽贷款ear-marked loans
倒逼机制reverd transmission of the pressure for easing monetary condition
道德风险moral hazard
地区差别regional disparity
第一产业the primary industry
第二产业the condary industry
第三产业the rvice industry; the tertiary industry
递延资产deferrable asts
商品编码查询订货不足insufficient orders
定期存款time deposits
定向募集raising funds from targeted sources
东道国（请见“母国”）host country
独立核算independent accounting
短期国债treasury bills
对冲操作sterilization operation; hedging
对非金融部门债权claims on non-financial ctor
多种所有制形式diversified ownership
E
恶性通货膨胀hyperinflation
二级市场condary market
F
发行货币to issue currency
发行总股本total stock issue
法定准备金required rerves; rerve requirement
法人股institutional shares
法人股东institutional shareholders
法治rule of law
房地产投资real estate investment
放松银根to ea monetary policy
非现场稽核off-site survei123nce（or monitoring）
非银行金融机构non-bank financial institutions
非赢利性机构non-profit organizations
分税制assignment of central and local taxes; tax assignment system
分业经营gregation of financial business（rvices）;division of business scope bad on the type of financial institutions
风险暴露（风险敞口）risk exposure
风险管理risk management
风险意识risk awareness
风险资本比例risk-weighted capital ratios
风险资本标准risk-bad capital standard
持之以恒服务事业收入public rvice charges; ur's charges
扶贫poverty alleviation
负增长negative growth
复式预算制double-entry budgeting; capital and current budgetary account
G
改革试点reform experimentation
杠杆率leverage ratio
杠杆收购leveraged buyout
高息集资to rai funds by offering high interest
个人股non-institutional shares
根本扭转fundamental turnaround（or reversal）
公开市场操作open market operations
公款私存deposit public funds in personal accounts
公用事业public utilities
公有经济the state-owned ctor; the public ctor
公有制public ownership
工业成本利润率profit-to-cost ratio
工业增加值industrial value added
供大于求supply exceeding demand; excessive supply
鼓励措施incentives
股份合作企业joint-equity cooperative enterpris
股份制企业joint-equity enterpris
股份制银行joint-equity banks
固定资产贷款fixed ast loans
关税减免tariff reduction and exemption
关税减让tariff concessions
关税优惠tariff incentives; preferential tariff treatment
规范行为to regularize（or standardize）…behavior
规模效益economies of scale
国计民生national interest and people's livelihood
国家对个人其他支出other government outlays to individuals 国家风险country risk
国际分工international division of labor
国际收支balance of payments
国有独资商业银行wholly state-owned commercial banks
国有经济（部门）the state-owned（or public）ctor
国有企业state-owned enterpris（SOEs）
国有制state-ownership
国有资产流失erosion of state asts
国债回购government curities repurcha
国债一级自营商primary underwriters of government curities 过度竞争excessive competition
过度膨胀excessive expansion
过热迹象signs of overheating
H
合理预期rational expectation
核心资本core capital
合资企业joint-venture enterpris
红利dividend
宏观经济运营良好sound macroeconomic performance
宏观经济基本状况macroeconomic fundamentals
宏观调控macroeconomic management（or adjustment）
宏观调控目标macroeconomic objectives（or targets）
坏账bad debt
还本付息debt rvice
换汇成本unit export cost; local currency cost of export earnings
汇兑在途funds in float
汇兑支出advance payment of remittance by the beneficiary's bank
汇率并轨unification of exchange rates
活期存款demand deposits
汇率失调exchange rate misalignment
混合所有制diversified（mixed）ownership
货币政策态势monetary policy stance
货款拖欠overdue obligations to suppliers
J
基本建设投资investment in infrastructure
基本经济要素economic fundamentals
基本适度broadly appropriate
基准利率benchmark interest rate
河海大学录取分数线
机关团体存款deposits of non-profit institutions
机会成本opportunity cost
激励机制incentive mechanism
积压严重heavy stockpile; excessive inventory
挤提存款run on banks
挤占挪用unwarranted diversion of（financial）resources（from designated us）技改投资investment in technological upgrading
技术密集型产品technology-intensive product
计划单列市municipalities with independent planning status
应天府尹计划经济planned economy
集体经济the collective ctor
加大结构调整力度to intensify structural adjustment
加工贸易processing trade
加快态势accelerating trend
加强税收征管稽查to enhance tax administration
加权价weighted average price
价格放开price liberalization
价格形成机制pricing mechanism
减亏to reduce loss
简化手续to cut red tape; to simplify（streamline）procedures
土法治疗灰指甲
交投活跃brisk trading
缴存准备金to deposit required rerves
结构扭曲structural distortion
结构失调structural imbalance
结构性矛盾突出acute structural imbalance
结构优化structural improvement（optimization）
结汇、售汇sale and purcha of foreign exchange
