U3 重点词汇讲解
1. destroy (destroyed, destroyed)
v. 破坏
注意该词与ruin, damage 等词的区别：
destroy: 多指彻底地、毁灭性地破坏，含导致无用，不能或很难再修复的意味。
ruin: 多指因外部原因而受到严重破坏或毁灭，侧重破坏的彻底性；三无产品的危害也可用于引申意义， 特指抽象意义中珍贵美好的事物。如 ruin one’s future, ruin one’s career。该词做名词时，注意下列搭配：fall into ruin (崩溃)，be in ruins (在废墟中)。
damage: 多指对无生命物体的损害，造成降低价值、破坏功能等后果，但仍可修复。可用作名词，常用词组do/cau damage to。
例如：
(1) The building was completely destroyed by the fire. 大火完全毁掉了这幢大楼。
(2) The repairman tried to repair the car which was damaged怎么举报诈骗电话 in an accident.
修理工试图修复在事故中被损坏的车子。
(3) The earthquake did a lot of damage to the city. 地震对城市造成了巨大的损失。
(4) It rained for 3 days, which ruined my holiday. 雨下了三天，把我的假期毁掉了
2. remains
1) n. 剩余物
金国发(1) She fed the remains of her dinner to the cat. 她用剩余的饭菜喂猫。
同时，该词还能表示“遗址”和“遗体”。例如：
(2) The archeologist discovered the remains of an ancient culture.
考古学家发现了一处古文明遗址。
(3) His remains were buried in Westminster. 他的遗体被安放在威斯敏斯特大教堂。
应注意该词为复数形式，类似的词还有：ruins (废墟，遗址)，goods (货物)，riches（财富），arms (武器)，fireworks (烟火), wages（工资），sweets（糖果），crossroads（十字路口）等。
2) vi. 遗留、继续存在
(1) Few villages remained after the flood.洪水过后，几乎没有村庄剩下。
(2) After the fire, very little remained of the temple. 火灾过后，寺庙所剩无几。
3) remain 为系动词，后接名词、形容词、分词、介词短语等。虾仁豆腐的做法
(1) He remained the leader after the election. 选举过后，他仍是领导。
(2) The place remains warm all winter. 这个地方整个冬天都很温暖。
(3) He remained sitting in the classroom after the examination.
考试后，他仍然坐在教室里。
4) 也可表示留待以后去看、去做、去说等。
(1) Much remains to be done.还有很多事要做。
半透明图片 (2) It remains to be en whether the decision is right or not.
该决定正确与否有待将来见分晓。
3. flee (fled , fled)
vt. /vi. 逃跑，逃避，迅速离开
(1) The enemy fled in disorder. 敌军乱哄哄地逃跑了。
(2) The prisoner had already fled (from) the prison when the police arrived.
警察到的时候，犯人已经从监狱逃走了。
注意与escape 的区别： flee指仓促逃走，通常带有紧急意味，侧重“逃”的动作本身；escape 除表示逃跑外，还能表示逃避惩罚、麻烦或不幸等事。
如：(1) None of the criminals escaped punishment. 罪犯们一个也没有逃脱惩罚。
(2) He narrowly escaped death. 他险些送命了。
4. pour
(1) Thick black smoke was pouring out from the roof. 黑色浓烟从屋顶滚滚而出。
(2) The rain is pouring down. 大雨倾盆而下。
(3) It never rains but it pours. 不雨则已，一雨倾盆。
（指事情不发生则已，一旦发生便接踵而来。）
习惯用语：pour in 涌入，倒进 pour out 倾泻出来，将某物表达出来
pour cold water on 对…泼冷水 pour oil on the flame 火上浇油
5. declare
1) vt.“宣布、宣告、声明”，后接名词或从句。
安宁的近义词
(1) The next day, US President Franklin Roovelt declared war against Japan.
第二天，罗斯福总统宣布对日作战。
(2) The Chine government declared a ban on plastic bags.
中国政府宣布禁止使用塑料带。
(3) The suspect declared that he was innocent. 该嫌疑犯声称自己是清白的。
2) 也可接复合宾语结构，宾语补足语可由形容词、不定式、分词等充当。如：
(1) The suspect declared himlf innocent. 该嫌疑犯声称自己是清白的。
(2) They declared his story to be true. 他们声称他们的故事是真的。
(3) The teacher declared Mike chon. 老师宣布迈克被选上了。
3) 注意declare和announce的区别
declare : 用于正式场合，指“正式宣布”，“郑重宣布”。
announce：用于普通场合，指“宣布”，“使……公开”，“在无线电、电视上主持介绍”。
(1) They announced their engagement to the family. 他们向家里宣布订婚。
(2) The captain announced that the plane would take off. 机长宣布飞机即将起飞。
6. aware adj. 意识到的，知道的，察觉到的
常用词组：be aware of/ that 意识到，察觉到
(1) He was aware of the danger around him. 他意识到周围存在危险。
(2) He was aware that he was in danger. 他意识到自己处境危险。
aware 是表语形容词，前面不能用very 修饰，一般用well, quite等词修饰。如：
(3) I am well / quite aware that smoking is bad for health. 我很清楚吸烟有害健康。
n. awareness
rai the public awareness of environmental protection 提高环境保护意识
金茂大厦高度
7. take over
1)接管，接收，接任 (take sth. over from sb.)
(1) He expects to take over the business when his father retires.
他希望他父亲退休时，由他接管生意。
比较：He expects that his father will hand over the business to him.
他希望父亲能把企业传给他掌管。
(2) Would you like me to take over the driving for a while?
你愿意让我接替你开会车吗？
观察绿豆发芽作文2) 拓展：
take in 吸收，欺骗
(1) Don’t be taken in by his promis for he never realizes them.
不要被他的承诺欺骗，他从来都不兑现。
(2) They often drive to the countryside to take in the fresh air there.
他们经常开车到乡村吸收新鲜空气。
3) take on 雇佣，呈现，承担
(1) China has taken on a new look since its reform 自改革以来，中国呈现出新的面貌。
(2) I feel honored to take on the role as a volunteer. 能担任志愿者的工作，我感到很荣幸。
(3) The supermarket took on extra workers during vacations.
超市在节假日雇佣更多的工人。
4) take off 起飞，脱下（衣帽），事业腾飞
(1) His career has taken off since he got the first gold medal.
自他得到第一块金牌后，他的事业就开始腾飞了。
