morphology练习部分答案
Chapter 3 Lexicon
I. Choo the best answer. (20%)
苏格兰人民起义1. Nouns, verbs and adjectives can be classified as __________.
A. lexical words
B. grammatical
words C. function words D. form words 2. Morphemes that reprent ten, number, gender and ca are called __________ morpheme.
A. inflectional
B.
free C.
bound D. derivational
3. There are __________ morphemes in the word denationalization.
A. three
B.
four C. five D. six
4. In English –i and –tion are called __________.
A. prefixes
B.
suffixes C. infixes D.
stems
5. The three subtypes of affixes are: prefix, suffix and __________.
A. derivational affix
B. inflectional
affix C. infix D.
back-formation
6. __________ is a way in which new words may be formed from already existing words by subtracting an affix which is thought to be part of the old word.
A. affixation
B.
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back-formation C. inrtion D. addition
7. The word TB is formed in the way of __________.
A. acronymy
B.
clipping C. initialism D. blending
8. The words like comsat and sitcom are formed by __________.
A. blending
B.
clipping C. back-formation D. acronymy
9. The stem of disagreements is __________.
A. agreement
B.
agree C. disagree D. disagreement
10. All of them are meaningful except for __________.
A. lexeme
B.
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phoneme C. morpheme D. allomorph
II. Decide whether the following statements are true or fal. (10%)
11. Phonetically, the stress of a compound always falls on the first element, while the cond element receives condary stress.
12. Fore as in foretell is both a prefix and a bound morpheme.
13. Ba refers to the part of the word that remains when all inflectional affixes are removed.
14. In most cas, prefixes change the meaning of the ba whereas suffixes change the word-class of the ba.
15. Conversion from noun to verb is the most productive process of a word.
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16. Reduplicative compound is formed by repeating the same morpheme of a word.
中学生世界17. The words whimper, whisper and whistle are formed in the way of onomatopoeia.
18. In most cas, the number of syllables of a word corresponds to the number of morphemes.
19. Back-formation is a productive way of
word-formations.
20. Inflection is a particular way of word-formations. III. Fill in the blanks. (20%)
21. An __________ is pronounced letter by letter, while an __________ is pronounced as a word.
22. Lexicon, in most cas, is synonymous with
__________.
23. Orthographically, compounds are written in three ways: __________, __________ and __________.
24. All words may be said to contain a root
__________.
25. A small t of conjunctions, prepositions and pronouns belong to __________ class, while the largest
观感part of nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs belongs to
__________ class.
26. __________ is a rever process of derivation, and therefore is a process of shortening.
27. __________ is extremely productive, becau English had lost most of its inflectional endings by the end of Middle
English period, which facilitated the u of words interchangeably as verbs or nouns, verbs or adjectives, and vice versa.
28. Words are divided into simple, compound and derived words on the __________ level.
29. A word formed by derivation is called a
__________, and a word formed by compounding is called
a __________.
30. Bound morphemes are classified into two types: __________ and __________.
IV. Explain the following terms, using examples. (20%)
31. Blending
32. Allomorph
33. Clod-class word
34. Morphological rule
V. Answer the following questions. (20%)
35. How many types of morphemes are there in the English language? What are they?（厦门⼤学，2003）36. What are the main features of the English compounds?
VI. Analyze the following situation. (20%)
37. Match the terms under COLUMN I with the underlined forms from COLUMN II（武汉⼤学，2004）
I II
(2) free
(4) inflectional
I.
1~5 AACBB
6~10 BCADB II.
11~15
缀连FTFTT
16~20 FTFFF
III.
21. initialism,
四年级数学应用题100道精选acronym 22. vocabulary
23. solid, hyphenated,
open 24. morpheme
25. clo,
open
26. back-formation
27.
conversion
28. morpheme
29. derivative, compound 30. affix, bound root
IV.
31. Blending: It is a process of word-formation in which a new word is formed by combining the meanings and sounds of two words, one of which is not in its full form or both of which are not in their full forms, like newscast (news + broadcast), brunch (breakfast + lunch)
32. Allomorph: It is any of the variant forms of a morpheme as conditioned by position or adjoining sounds.
33. Clo-class word: It is a word who membership is fixed or limited. Pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, articles, etc. are all clod-class words. 34. Morphological rule: It is the rule that governs which affix can be added to what type of ba to form a new word, e.g. –ly can be added to a noun to form an adjective. V.
Omit.
VI.
37.
(1) c (2)
a (3)
e (4)
d (5) b
