Lesson 22 By heart 熟记台词
New words and expression 生词和短语
run (ran, run) vi（戏剧, 电影等）连演，连映（持续的意思，==last）
-- The film is so successful that it runs for veral weeks.
补充：vt 经营he runs a successful furniture business.
Lines n.（剧本中的）台词
线条，可以抽象，a face covered with deep lines of care. 满面愁容 a face lined with age 起了皱纹的脸hold the line plea. 电话
Part n.剧中的角色, 台词
party 合同或者正式场合中不同的一方。甲方乙方。
Falter [‘fɔ:ltə(r)]v.支吾, 结巴说
-- He has practid the poem veral times, so he has no cau to falter.
他练习这首诗好多次了，所以没有理由结巴。
Stammer [‘stæmə(r)] v.口吃, 结巴着说出, 结结巴巴地说
Falter vi.蹒跚而行蹒跚踉跄, 摇摆
= Stagger [‘stægə(r)] v.摇晃, 蹒跚, 交错, 摇摇摆摆
-- He faltered home.
cast (cast, cast) v.选派…扮演角色（挑选(演员)；使…出演(某角色)）N 卡司(戏剧、电影的)全体演员-- The actor was cast in the role of hero. 这个演员在剧中扮演英雄的角色。
vt 1、投射（光、视线）The moon cast a bright light over the yard 2、扔；抛；投；丢3、投(票)
4、浇铸，铸造（加热熔化后倒入模型里，冷却后凝固成器物）n 铸件；模子
cast your mind back (to sth) ==look back 回顾；回想
be cast away （船遇难后幸存者）流落某处cast sb/sth↔aside(formal) 抛弃；丢弃
cast off 抛弃，丢弃cast out 赶出，驱逐
Role n.角色
Aristocrat [‘ærɪstəkræt] n.贵族（或有贵族派头的人）可数近义词nobleman the noble 尊贵的人
Imprison v.关押（= put sb in prison 关押某人）-- He was imprisoned for 10 years.
imprisonment n.关押-- ntence sb to life imprisonment 判名人终生监禁
prison, jail = gaol [dʒel] n.监狱-- nd sb to prison / put sb in prison / throw sb into prison
in prison 坐牢（不加the）-- He is in prison/jail/gaol. = He is behind bars. 他在铁窗之后。
Bastille n.巴士底狱
Gaoler n.监狱长，看守==jailer
Colleague n.同事associate 合伙人，同事companion 同伴
Curtain n.（舞台上的）幕布
Reveal [rɪ’vi:l]v.使显露, 揭露, 揭穿同样意思还有名词词性
1、显出；露出；展示（示）（show sth that previously could not be en）He laughed, revealing a line of white teeth 露出白牙
2、揭示；显示；透露（揭）（make sth known to sb）It was revealed that
-- The cret hasn't been revealed. 天启死时：All is revealed
Reveal vt.把什么露出来-- A curtain was up and revealed the beautiful scenery.（n.风景, 景色）
Disclo vt.揭露，使公开（~ the truth）（If you disclo new or cret information, you tell people about it.）Discover vt.发现
Uncover vt. 1、揭开..的盖子2、发现；揭露；揭发（to discover sth that was previously hidden or cret）Revealable adj.可展现的[rɪ'vi:ləbl]
Revealer n.探测器
cell n.单人监房, 监号（细胞；电池；基层组织，小组）
blank adj.空白的
squint v.眯着（眼）看, 瞄
squint one's eyes眯着眼睛-- He squinted his eyes and looked at the letter.
pear at 眯着眼睛看
gaze 凝视，注视（常指长时间无意识地或因好奇、惊讶等而盯着看。）
gape 目瞪口呆地凝视（指因惊讶或震惊而张着嘴、瞪大眼睛呆看。）
glare 怒目而视（指长时间用愤怒的目光凝视着某人或某物。）
stare 凝视，瞪视（指因生气、惊讶、思考等而瞪大眼睛长时间地注视某人或某物。）
peep 窥视，偷看（尤指通过孔眼、缝隙等迅速地偷窥。）
glance 瞟，瞥（指粗略地匆匆一瞥。）（动作）She glanced about the room before she left
glimp瞥见（指一瞥之下看见某人或某物，但未看清全貌。）（结果）He glimpd a figure at the window
dim adj.昏暗take a dim view of…对…持悲观看法；对…持怀疑态度
-- The room is too dim so I can't read the letter.
Gloomy adj.(天气，心情)抑郁的-- The weather is gloomy today. / He is in gloomy mood.
Dusky [‘dʌski] adj.(天色)漆黑的, 黑暗的-- Towards evening it’s getting dusky.
Misty adj.多雾的, 迷蒙的-- The building is out of sight on such a misty day.
Sire n.（古用法）陛下
Proceed v.继续进行（停顿之后的继续）
proceed to/with进行继续某事
-- Let's proceed to business.
-- You must proceed with your work.
Proceed from…从…着手开始继续
-- They proceed from lesson one.
proceed against sb 起诉某人
黄金菇-- He decided to proceed against his neighbour.
Expect vt. <；口>(料)想, 认为, 指望
Expect vt.要求
班旗Alone adj.单独的, 独一无二的adv.独自地
Anxious adj.担忧的, 渴望的, 盼望的
Fellow adj.同伴的, 同事的, 同道的
Learnt vt.记住
Line n.台词
Text 课文
Which actor read the letter in the end, the aristocrat or the gaoler?
Some plays are so successful that they run for years on end, In many ways, this is
unfortunate for the poor actors who are required to go on repeating the same lines night
after night.
By heart 熟记
on end = continuously adv.连续的（位于具体的时间之后）（介词短语做状语）
-- He sat there for hours on end.
-- We had hardly anything to eat for days on end.
on end = upright adv.竖着
-- The cat's fur stood on end.
-- I got a big shock, so my hair stood on end. 我被吓了一跳, 以至于我毛骨悚然。
Who = actor 关系代词做主语, 不能省略
-
- The student who was required to recite the poem 100 times is really poor.
关于定语从句中的逻辑关系
why are poor actors unfortunate?
后面的who引导的定语从句，指出了原因。虽然定语从句的作用是下定义，但是其中可以隐含原因，甚至目的。
One would expect them to know their parts by heart and never have cau to falter.
learn/know by heart 把什么牢记在心
-- The ntence is so important that you must learn it by heart.
heart and soul adv.全心全意的, 全身心的
-- We ver the students heart and soul.
take heart 鼓起勇气, 恢复信心
lo one’s heart 失去信心
梅花象征着什么意义
lo one’s heart to sb = give one’s heart to sb 亲信于某人
-- The boy lost his heart to the girl.
put one's heart into sth 致力于某事
-- Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事, 只怕有心人。
have one's heart in one's boots提心吊胆
-- He had his heart in his boots when he went out along at night.
Would v. (will 的过去式)
1> [表示过去将来时, 用于第二、三人称](第一人称英国用should, 美国用would) 将, 会
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-- He said he would come. 他说他要来。
2> [表示意愿]愿; 偏要, 肯
-- He would eat nothing. 他不肯吃东西; 他什么也不愿吃。
-
- I told him not to go, but he would not listen. 我叫他别去, 可他偏不听。
-- He would go in spite of our warnings. 他不听我们的劝告, 执意要去。
3> [表示过去的习惯动作]常常, 总是
-- He would sit for hours doing nothing. 过去他常常坐几个钟头什么事也不做。
5> [表示某种假设的意志]想要, 愿意
-- I could do so if I would. 要是我愿意, 我能够这样做(但我不愿意)。
-- If you would do this for me, I should be grateful indeed.
若是你愿意为我做这件事, 我将万分感激。
8> [表示请求或个人想法、看法, 使语气更婉转]请
-- Would you kindly show me the way to the station? 劳驾, 请问到车站的路怎么走?
-- I would like to speak a few words. 我想讲几句话。
-- It would em that he was right. 看来他倒是对的。
9> [表示假想的愿望]但愿, 要是...多好
-- Would [I would] that they were safe home again! 愿他们再能平安回家!
-- Would that I were young again. 我若能再年青些该多好啊!
-- We wish that he would come again. 我们但愿他会再来。
-- I would rather you came on Sunday. 希望你星期天来。
10> [表示能力](=could) 能
-- The barrel would hold 100 litres. 这桶能装一百升。
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Yet this is not always the ca. = This ca is not like this.
写作模版：和上句连在一起，可以表达A对B有过高期待的意思。或者是期望的事情和事实相反。
同样，也是抓逻辑。
one would expect international organizations to resolve the issue of environmental pollution and never have cau not to take the responsibility. Yet this is not always the ca. （理由）
A famous actor in a highly successful play was once cast in the role of an aristocrat who had
been imprisoned in the Bastille for twenty years.
In the last act, a gaoler would always come on to the stage with a letter which he would hand
to the prisoner.
戏剧中act是“幕”，scene是“场”拉一次幕，一幕可以有多场。亮灯灭灯。
Which letter
Even though the noble was expected to read the letter at each performance, he always
insisted that it should be written out in full.
even though = even if = though/although
at each performance = at every performance
insist（vt.坚决要求）, suggest（vt.建议）
order（vt.命令）, demand（vt.要求）, require（vt.要求）
表示建议／要求／希望的动词加that宾语从句时, that从句必须使用should+动词原形的
虚拟语气（should可以省略）。
in full = fully = completely
One night, the gaoler decided to play a joke on his colleague to find out if, after so many performances, he had managed to learn the contents of the letter by heart.
play a joke/cheek on sb 开某人玩笑（cheek n.脸颊, 面颊）
The curtain went up on the final act of the play and revealed the aristocrat sitting alone behind bars in his dark cell.
sth begin== the curtain go up on sth the curtain went up on World Expo 2010 Shanghai China. sth end== the curtain come down on sth
on the final act = in the last act
behind bars 铁窗之后
Just then, the gaoler appeared with the precious letter in his bands.
with（复合结构）主+表（独立主格结构）
祝福的祝怎么写precious表明这信对演员很重要
He entered the cell and prented the letter to the aristocrat.
prent sth to = hand to = pass to
But the copy he gave him had not been written out in full as usual.
as usual 如往常一样, 照例
It was simply a blank sheet of paper. The gaoler looked on eagerly, anxious to e if his fellow actor had at last learnt his lines.
look on 旁观, 观看
anxious 形容词短语做伴随状况状语（使文字更加生动，而不是记流水账，and,and,and）overjoyed, she rushed out of the hou （伴随）
多种表达形式：
工程建设合同be imprisoned==behind bars 坐牢come on to stage==appear on stage 上台
hand to== prent to 交给colleague== fellow actor 同事[‘kɒli:g]
The noble stared at the blank sheet of paper for a few conds.
stare at 凝视, 盯住
Then, squinting his eyes, he said: 'The light is dim. Read the letter to me'.
ing形式做方式状语, 伴随状况状语
squint [skwɪnt] v & n & a. 斜视; 一瞥; 斜着眼睛看（斜视的; 细眯着眼看的）
And he promptly handed the sheet of paper to the gaoler.
promptly = immediately
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