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OST people make veral phone calls a day and very few keep records of the date and time. But the call made between Austrian physicist Anton Zeilinger, who won the Nobel Prize in phys-ics this year, and Bai Chunli, then president of the Chine Academy of Sciences (CAS), on September 29, 2017, has gone down in the annals of quantum science as the first intercon-tinental quantum-cure communication video call. Bai was in Beijing and Zeilinger in Vienna, and the communication was possible through a sophisticated Chine rearch satel-lite named Micius , the world’s first quantum communication satellite developed and launched into orbit by the CAS just the year before.
Zeilinger is a CAS academician; so is American scientist K. Barry Sharpless, who won his cond Nobel Prize in chem-istry in 2022. Zeilinger is also an academician of The World Academy of Sciences (TWAS), an Italy-bad international organization promoting scientific capacity and excellence for sustainable development in developing countries. In Septem-ber 2012, Bai was elected president of TWAS, a position he would hold for two concutive terms till 2018, becoming the first Chine scientist to have that honor.
China Today recently had an interview with the eminent scientist at the International Forum on South-
South Coop-eration and Trade in Services in Beijing in September, where he was wearing yet another hat: president of the Alliance of International Science Organizations (ANSO) in the Belt and Road Region. In this exclusive interview, Bai talked about international cooperation in science and technology and China’s efforts in creating global platforms for sci-tech col-laboration.
Ten Years of Efforts
Bai called 2012 an epochal year in the history of science in China. “That year, the CAS launched its going global strat-egy, aiming to elevate sci-tech exchanges and cooperation with developing countries. Another big event was the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in November, where the CPC Central Committee decided that promoting sci-tech innovation with a global vision would be a national strategy.”
The following year, President Xi Jinping propod the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and it received a positive respon from more than 100 countries. The were mostly countries facing challenges on transitioning to sustainable and innova-By staff reporter ZHOU LIN
Innovation and Openness, Key to China’s Sci-tech Progress
the Alliance of Interna-tional Science Organiza-tions (ANSO), delivers a speech at the first Greater Bay Area Science Forum on December 11, 2021.
the establishment of the ANSO as a plat-form for multilateral scientific coopera-tion was among the major deliverables of the forum.China is building up its strengths in science and technology, and striving to emerge as a leading country of innova-tion. Over the past decade, R&D expendi-ture grew rapidly under the national strategy of innovation-driven development. In 2021, China ranked 12th in the Global Innovation Index, up from the 34th place in 2012. At the same time, it is also promoting international exchange and cooperation in science and technology.
“Over the past two years, we have kept a clo eye on
global issues, such as climate change, public health, food -curity and the transformation of energy mix,” Bai said. When the COVID-19 pandemic struck, the cretariat of the ANSO promoted cooperation of its members on vaccine rearch, focusing on the Pha III clinical trials of the recombinant protein COVID-19 vaccine developed by the CAS. Ibrokhim Abdurakhmonov, Minister of the Innovative Development of Uzbekistan and also academician of TWAS, has maintained clo contacts with the ANSO. Thanks to his support, Uzbekistan approved the u of the Chine vaccine
tion-driven development. International cooperation in science and technology was regarded as a golden key for their development. In November 2016, Bei-jing hosted the first International Sci-ence Forum of Scientific Organizations on the BRI to discuss how to go about it. The forum decided to establish ANSO as a permanent mechanism for sci-tech cooperation among the BRI countries. Reprentatives from the CAS, UNESCO, the Russian Academy of Sciences, and the Polish Academy of Sciences among others signed to join the alliance.“On November 4, 2018, we announced the official estab-lishment of the ANSO,” Bai said. “President Xi nt a congrat-ulatory letter and Vice Premier Liu He attended the meeting.” There were 37 founding members, including international organizations and national academies of sciences, national rearch institutions, and universities from 32 countries.As the first president of the ANSO, Bai is dedicated to better aligning incentives for technological innovation with development strategies, boosting sustainable socioeconomic development, and building an international community with a shared future in science and technology. At the cond Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation held in 2019, China is building up its strengths in science and technology, and striving to emerge as a leading
country of innovation.Staff members work at the general control center of the quantum communication line, known as the Beijing-Shanghai Trunk Line, connected to the world’s first quantum satellite in Hefei, Anhui Province on May 19, 2022.
on March 2, 2021, saying that the Chine vaccine is one of the safest and most effective vaccines g
lobally.
小巫师When President Xi visited Uzbekistan in September ahead of the 22nd Summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organiza-tion in Samarkand, he mentioned this in a signed article published in the local media. “Chine vaccines, which can now be jointly produced with Uzbekistan, have played a ma-jor role in Uzbekistan’s fight against the virus, and a Chine anti-virus drug has been approved for clinical u in Uzbeki-stan, providing effective protection for people’s life in both countries,” the article reads.
Today, the ANSO has 67 members from 48 countries and regions. It has implemented 25 major international joint scientific programs and t up a science foundation open to rearch institutions across the world.
Rearch institutions from more than 70
countries have been involved in programs
funded by the foundation. “We have built适合婚礼上唱的歌
19 international professional platforms,
怎么折皮卡丘including the Alliance of International
Science Organizations on Disaster Risk Reduction, and the Association for Trans-
Eurasia Exchange and Silk Road Civiliza-
tion Development, helping Chine scien-
tists play a greater role on the global sci-
tech stage,” said Bai.
Going Global
In respon to the BRI, the CAS has promoted cooperation in such fields as health and biomedicine, water treatment, clean energy, climate change, and environmental and eco-logical protection.
The cooperation focus on three aspects: solving key technological problems in the construction of major projects along the Belt and Road route; providing sci-tech solutions to improve the livelihoods of local people; and pooling rearch resources for major scientific rearch. The CAS has thus esta
blished an international cooperation network which integrates projects, rearchers, and rearch platforms. The efforts enhanced China’s capability to participate in global science and technology governance, as well as the country’s global influence and soft power.
“A large number of academicians have made outstanding contributions to promoting capacity building in scientific re-arch in developing countries, and pushing forward South-South cooperation and North-South cooperation. They have also played a leading role in solving global issues,” Bai said. The Third Pole Environment Rearch Program is an ex-ample. The Tibetan Plateau and its surroundings, including some of the highest mountains in Asia that are the sources of major rivers, is regarded as the Third Pole. The project, led by CAS academician Yao Tandong and supported by UNESCO and UNEP, asss the environmental changes in this region and the threats it faces. The project has built an international cooperation system and obrvation network involving sci-entists from more than 30 countries. Meanwhile, five science centers have been established in Beijing in China, Kathman-du in Nepal, Columbus in the United States, Gothenburg in Sweden, and Frankfurt in Germany.
To foster the people-to-people exchange that is esntial for international cooperation, Bai initiated the CAS Presi-dent’s International Fellowship Initiative and the CAS-TWAS
President’s PhD Fellowship. The two
programs fund rearchers from
developing countries to study in
China for short-term scientific and
technological exchanges. The CAS
and the University of the Chine圣诞活动主题
Academy of Sciences worked with
the Danish Ministry of Science,
Technology and Innovation and
eight Danish universities to found
油麦菜怎么炒好吃the Sino-Danish Center for Edu-cation and Rearch with the aim of promoting academic exchanges
between China and Denmark. ANSO scholarships have helped over 1,000 students working on doctoral and master programs from more than 100 countries, facilitating the mobility of talented scientists across the globe.
In addition, the CAS has built 10 overas science and ed-ucation bas in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, and t up five CAS-TWAS excellence centers to work in a wide range of areas, from water and environment to biotechnology and disaster reduction and prevention. In 2013, the CAS South America Center for Astronomy was founded to develop col-laboration on astronomy rearch between China, Chile and other South American countries.
Aiming Higher
In September 2021, Chine President Xi Jinping propod the Global Development Initiative in his speech delivered via video at the general debate of the 76th ssion of the UN General Asmbly. Three months later, the first Greater Bay Area Science Forum (GSF) sponsored by the ANSO was convened in Guangzhou in south China. In his congratula-tory letter, Xi said the new round of sci-tech revolution and industrial transformation has exerted a profound impact on
A large number of academi-cians have made outstand-ing contributions to pro-moting capacity buildi
ng in scientific rearch in developing countries.
the global economic structure. The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area should revolve around its central task of building an international sci-tech innovation center and facilitate the development of emerging industries.
Bai said the GSF has created a high-level exchange plat-form for statesmen, leading scientists, entrepreneurs, and financial professionals to share their insights. Two Nobel laureates and 130 well-known academicians shared their latest rearch achievements on such topics as COVID-19 prevention and control and pharmaceutical R&D. Richard John Roberts, winner of the 1993 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine and chairman of the Laureate Science Alliance, said that the R&D of COVID-19 testing reagents and vaccines depended on the genome quencing of the virus relead by Chine rearchers in early 2020. This is an excellent ex-ample of how scientific collaboration and cooperation can help the whole world, he said.
鳕鱼炖土豆What would be the key areas for future international co-operation in science and technology? Bai said the new energy technology has huge potential and will speed up the transi-tion to a green, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy mix. Ar-
tificial intelligence is another booming ctor, given China’s
huge number of mobile Internet urs and high penetration of online payment. In the field of health s
ciences, disruptive technologies that would lead to an industrial transformation are emerging. For example, in brain science, which is en as the “last frontier” of natural science rearch, scientists have mapped the human brain and realized direct control over artificial limbs through brain-computer interfaces, laying the foundation for creating new methods for the diagnosis and treatment of neurological and mental dias.沉闷的拼音
Lingshan Island in Guangzhou has been chon as the permanent site for the GSF becau of its ideal location, which makes collaboration with Hong Kong and Macao, and even beyond very convenient. Bai expects that the GSF will be built into a Davos forum in science. “We will gather global scientists, scientific organizations, and all ctors of society to strengthen sci-tech cooperation, encourage innovation, share achievements, and more importantly, break the bar-riers restricting the free flow of factors for production, such as knowledge, technology, and talents,” he said. The ultimate goal is “to build an open and inclusive innovation ecosystem” and “make scientific achievements available to the people, and shared and ud by the people.” C
Bai Chunli, then president of the Chine Academy of Sciences, signs a joint statement with the visiting President of the Royal Society Sir Paul Nur to promote and support cooperative rearch between China and the U.K. on September 13, 2013.