Chapter 1 Geography
怎么了简谱I. Location and Size
1. The full name of the United States is the United States of America. The continental United States lies in central North America with Canada to its north, Mexico and the Gulf of Mexico to its south, the Atlantic Ocean to its east and the Pacific Ocean to its west.
2. The U.S. has a land area of 9.3 million square kilometers. It is the forth largest country in the world in size after Russia, Canada and China.陈欧现状
3. The U.S. is a federal republic with many states.
1) For a long time there were 48 states, then in 1959 Alaska and Hawaii became the forty-ninth and fiftieth states. Alaska borders on northwestern Canada, and Hawaii lies in the central Pacific.
2) Of all the states, Alaska is the largest in area and Rhode Island is the smallest. But on the mainland Texas is the largest sate of the country.
II. Mountains, Rivers and Lakes
1. Mountains:1) The Rockies (落基山脉), the backbone of the North American Continent, is also known as the Continental Divide.2) The two main mountain ranges in American are the Appalachian mountains and the Rocky mountains. The Appalachians run slightly from the northeast to southwest and the Rocky Mountains run slightly from the northwest to southeast.
2. Rivers
1) The Mississippi River is the largest river in American, over 6000 kilometers. The Mississippi has been called “father of waters” or “Old Man River”.
2) The Ohio River has been called the American Ruhr. The area along the river is rich in valuable deposits of high-grade coking coal and is well known for its steel industry. The river provides cheap water transportation for raw materials.
3) On the Pacific side there are two great rivers: the Colorado in the south and the Colum
bia, which ris in Canada.
4) The Rio Grande River forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States.
3. Lakes大鱼海棠经典台词: The most important lakes in the United States are the Great Lakes. They are Lake Superior, which is the largest fresh water lake in the world, Lake Michigan ,the only entirely in the U.S., Lake Huron, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. They are located between Canada and the United States except Lake Michigan.
III. Climate
1. A humid continental climate(湿润的大陆性气候） is found in the north-eastern part of the country.
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2. In the south-eastern United States you can find a humid subtropical climate. (湿润的亚热带气候）
3. The Pacific northwest is favored with a maritime climate( 海洋性气候）
4. The southern part of the Pacific coast inCalifornia has a Mediterranean climate (地中海式气候）with warm, dry summers and moist winters.
Many factors besides latitude influence the climate in the United States. Perhaps the most important forces are the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, the Gulf of Mexico, the maintains, and the Great Lakes.
IV. Geographical Regions
Traditionally from the east to the west the United States can be divided into four geographical regions.
Chapter 2 Population, Race and Ethnic Groups
I. Population:直播必备的200条顺口溜 The United States of America is the third most populous county in the world after China and India.
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II. Immigration
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III. Racial and Ethnic Minorities
1. Blacks
A large number of blank people move out of the south to other areas during the period between 1920 and 做女人挺好1960.
The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the United States is the blacks who number about 12.1% of the population. The first blacks were brought to North America as slaves in 1619.
2. Hispanics (拉丁人种，西班牙语移民)
The Hispanics usually are Spanish-speaking person of Latin-American origin who live in the United States. Three major Hispanic groups historically have had the greatest influence on the United States. They are Mexico-Americans of Chicanos, the Puerto Ricans and the Cuban-Americans.
3. The Asian-Americans are the fastest-growing racial and ethnic group in the United States. The largest groups of Asian-Americans are the Chine-Americans. Experts say three Asian traditions best explain the success of Asian-American: education, hard work, and family.
4. Traditionally, the mainstream American was called WASPs, that is, White Anglo-Saxon Protestants. The term originated in reference to White Americans of Anglo-Saxon descent(英国新教徒白人 ), who were Protestant in religious affiliation. However, the term does not have a preci definition, and can be ud to describe greatly differing groups. It initially applied to people with histories in the upper class Northeastern establishment, who were alleged to form powerful elite.
Chapter 3 American History (I) (1600-1900)
I. The Colonial Period
