Lesson Eight Globalization’s Dual Power
Part one Vocabulary Study alien a. coming from a different country, race or group; foreign e.g. It’s a country that has had an alien government and an alien language impod on it by force. I find the ideal of nding young children off to boarding school totally alien. n. a foreigner, esp. someone who lives in a country of which they are not legal citizen e.g. When war broke out the government rounded up thousands of aliens and put them in temporary camps. alienate v. to stop supporting; to cau to feel very distant from or not welcome to someone le e.g. All the changes to the newspaper have alienated its traditional readers. Ten years in prison have alienated him from his family. antidote n. a chemical, esp. a drug, which limits the effects of a poison, or a way of preventing or acting against something bad e.g. Regular exerci is the best antidote to tiredness and depression.
backlash n. a strong feeling among a group of people in reaction to a tendency or recent events in society or politics e.g. The new president encouraged the backlash against “moral laxity”. The accident has provoked/produced a backlash among local people who claim that the road is dangerous. moral laxity道德败坏 binge n. an occasion when an activity is done in an extreme way, esp. eating, drinking or spending money e.g. a drinking/eating/spending binge Her illness involved periods of binge-eating and then making herlf sick. v. to eat in an uncontrolled way, sometimes as a part of an illness e.g. I tend to binge on chocolate when I am watching TV! She went through periods of binging (also binge-eating). boom n. a period of sudden growth, esp. one that results in a lot of money being made e.g. This year has en a boom in book sales. v. e.g. Here, as elwhere, the leisure industry is booming. bust n. a time or period of widespread financial depression
v. to break something; to arrest somebody e.g. Oh no! I’ve busted his CD player. Harry and his girlfriend busted up last week. bust n. an occasion when police arrest people who are thought to have broken the law e.g. In their latest drugs bust police entered a warehou where cocaine dealers were meeting. 非主流的图片bust a. When a company goes bust it is forced to clo becau it is financially unsuccessful. e.g. More than twenty companies in the district went bust during the last three months. clamor = clamour n. a. a loud complaint about something or demand for something b. loud noi, esp. made by people’s voices e.g. After the bombing, there was a public clamor for vengeance. 大型活动 He preferred solitary walks in the wilderness to the clamor of the city. a. clamorous e.g. The newspaper devoted ven pages to a clamorous call for independence. The air was filled with clamorous, excited voices. v. clamor e.g. The residents are clamoring against the dumping of chemical waste near their hous. conspicuously ad. obviously; in a way that is easy to notice e.g. The temple’s grand white arches ro conspicuously over the dirty decaying city. a. conspicuous e.g. In China, where black hair is the norm, her blonde hair was conspicuous. He tried not to look conspicuous and moved slowly along the back of the room. n. conspicuousness constituent芳卿 n. a voter in a particular area of the country constituency n. any of the official areas of a country that elect someone to reprent voters nationally e.g. The MP’s constituency covers the city’s poorest areas. daunting a. intimidating; disheartening e.g. In spite of unification the country was still faced with the daunting prospect of overcoming four decades of division. antonym: dauntless daunt v. to make someone feel slightly frightened or worried about their ability to achieve something; to discourage e.g. She was not at all daunted by the size of the problem. downturn = downswing n. a reduction in the amount or success of something, such as a country’s economic activity e.g. the continuing economic downturn There is evidence of a downturn in the building trade. upturn n. (esp. in economics) an improvement or advantageous change to a higher level or value e.g. Investors should not expect a sharp upturn in the economy. dwarf v. to cau to appear small by comparison e.g. The new skyscraper will dwarf all tho near it. This new financial crisis may well dwarf most that have gone before. dwarf n. a person who is much smaller than the usual size e.g. They have campaigned for many years against the discrimination experienced by dwarfs/ dwarves. a. dwarf ensue v. to happen after something el, esp. as a result of it e.g. The police officer said that he had placed the man under arrest and that a scuffle had ensued. Boredom often ensues from inactivity. a. ensuing e.g. He lost his job and in the ensuing months became more and more depresd. An argument broke out and in the ensuing fight, a gun went off. glut n. a supply of something that is much greater than can be sold or is needed or wanted e.g. The fall in demand for coffee could cau a glut on/in the market, forcing some producers to cut prices. There is a glut of large, expensive hous lying empty and unsold. inept a. not skilled or effective e.g. Someone had made an inept attempt to iron the skirts. He was always rather inept at sport. He was criticized for his inept handling of the situation. n. ineptitude e.g. political/social/economic ineptitude The newspaper editorial correctly pointed out the government’s ineptitude in dealing with the ozone crisis. irreversible a. not possible to change e.g. He listed some of the irreversible effects of ageing. Technology has had an irreversible impact on society. adv. irreversibly maximize v. to make something as great in amount, size or importance as possible e.g. To maximize our walking time, we should be ready to start at dawn. antonym: minimize 关于兔子 n. maximization merger n. the union of two or more commercial interest or corporations e.g. Their merger of the two companies would create the world’s biggest accounting firm. The German tyre company is holding merger talks with its Indian rival. v. merge e.g. The country’s two biggest banks are planning to merge in order to fight off competition from abroad. prevail v. to exist and be accepted among a large number of people, or to get a position of control and influence e.g. This is a strange custom that still prevails. Did greed prevail over generosity? a. prevailing/prevalent n. prevalence e.g. The prevailing mood is one of optimism. Under the prevailing law, the government cannot annul such marriages. The dias are more prevalent among young children. The prevalence of drugs in the inner cities is alarming. prone a. a. tending to suffer from an illness or show a particular negative characteristic b. lying on the front with the face down e.g. You’re more prone to illness when you’re tired and your body is run-down. The photograph showed a man lying prone on the pavement, a puddle of blood about his head. a. -prone: combining form e.g. accident-prone, injury-prone propel v. to cau something to move forwards e.g. Mr. Henry said that the country was being propelled towards civil war. A propelling pencil or mechanical pencil is a pencil in which the lead can be pushed forward by turning or pressing a part of the pencil. retard v. to make (something) slower e.g. Icy roads retarded their progress through the mountains. A ri in interest rates would verely retard economic growth. a. retarded n. retardation e.g. The program offers long-term care for the elderly and intermediate care for the mentally retarded. slump 至尊家族n. recession e.g. There has been a slump in demand for beef ever since he recent health scare. The hotel industry, like most industries, is currently in a slump. There is fear that we are entering another economic slump as bad as the 1930’s. slump v. (of prices, values or sales) to fall suddenly e.g. The value of property has slumped. Car sales have slumped dramatically over the past year. | 
