英语中⼋种常见时态常⽤时间状语归纳THANK YOU
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⼀、⼀般现在时
1. 概念：表⽰现阶段经常发⽣的动作或现在的某种状况，也表⽰客观事实、客观规律或客观真理。谓语动词要⽤原形，主语是第三⼈称时，谓语动词要⽤第三⼈称单数形式。
2. 常见时间状语标志：always, often, sometimes, usually, every day, on Sundays, once a day / week / month等。
驰马试剑例如：
I do some exerci every day. 我每天做⼀些锻炼。
She knows French and German besides English. 除英语外，她还懂法语和德语。
传感器类型The sun ris in the east. 太阳从东边升起。
⼆、⼀般将来时
1. 概念：表⽰将来发⽣的动作或存在的状态，以及打算、计划或准备做某事。
2. 常见时间状语标志：tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next day / week / month / year…, this week / month / year, soon, in + 时间状语 (如in one hour / in a few minutes等)，in the future, in future等。
例如：
I’ll take you there tomorrow. 我明天带你去那⼉。
Next month we will have our school open day. 下个⽉我们将迎来学校开放⽇。
The Talent Show is coming in two weeks’ time. 新秀选拔演出还有两周时间就要到了。
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三、⼀般过去时
1. 概念：表⽰在过去的某个时间发⽣的动作或存在的状态，也表⽰过去习惯性、经常性的动作。谓语动词要⽤过去时。
2. 常见时间状语标志：yesterday, the day before yesterday, last night / week / month, 时间词 + ago (如three days ago), in / on + 过去的时间词 (如in 2010), just now, at that time, in tho days, one day, long long time ago, once upon a time等。
例如：
Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike. 两年前，她买了⼀辆昂贵的⼭地⾃⾏车。
纳赛尔水库Last year, however, nearly twenty billion tons of rice was produced. 然⽽，去年的稻⾕产量接近200亿吨。
四、现在进⾏时
1. 概念：表⽰现在正在进⾏的动作，或现阶段正在进⾏的动作。现在进⾏时由“am / is / are + 现在分词”构成。
2. 常见时间状语标志：now, at this time, at this moment, at prent等。
例如：
Now she is planning our schedule for the trip. 现在她正在为旅⾏制定时间表。
Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. 当今在中国学习英语的⼈数正在迅速增长。
注意：不⽤进⾏时的动词：
①表⽰感官的动词：如e (看见)， hear (听见)，feel (感觉出)，taste (尝出)，smell (闻到)，notice (注意到)，obrve (观察到) 等。
挥汗如雨
②表⽰某种情感或精神状态的动词：如believe, doubt, feel (= have an opinion), hate, image, know, (dis)like, love, prefer, realize, appreciate, recognize, remember, e (= understand), suppo, think (= have an opinion), understand, want, wish等。
③⼀些⽤于交际和应答的动词：如agree, appear, astonish, deny, disagree, impress, look (= em), mean, plea, promi, satisfy, em, surpri等。
④表⽰所属、类似、构成等关系的动词和系动词，如：be, belong, concern, consist, contain, depend, derve, fit, include, involve, lack, matter, measure (= have length etc.), need, owe, own, posss, weigh (= have weight)。员工年度总结
五、过去进⾏时
1. 概念：表⽰过去某时刻正在进⾏的动作，或过去某⼀阶段⼀直在进⾏的动作，过去进⾏时
由“was / were + 现在分词”构成。
2. 常见时间状语标志：(just) then, at that time, yesterday afternoon, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from 9 to 10 last evening / night, tho days等。
例如：
May I ask what you were doing in my restaurant yesterday? 请问你昨天到我的餐馆⾥来⼲什么？
It was a cold day and his jacket was lying on the back of a chair. 天很冷，他的夹克衫搭在椅背上。
3. 过去进⾏时和⼀般过去时的区别：过去进⾏时表⽰过去某时正在进⾏的动作，强调动作的连续性；⽽⼀般过去时则表⽰⼀个完成的动作。
六、现在完成时
1. 概念：
1) 表⽰动作发⽣在过去，但其结果影响到现在。
贝儿公主的故事常见时间状语标志：already, yet, just, ever, recently, so far, up to / till now等。
2) 表⽰动作或状态从过去某⼀时刻开始，⼀直持续到现在，还可能持续下去。
常见时间状语标志：for + 时间段, since + 时间点 / 过去时从句, ever since等。
3) 表⽰说话前发⽣过⼀次或多次的动作，现在成为⼀种经历。
常见时间状语标志：twice, ever, never, three times, before等。
2. 基本结构：have / has + 动词的过去分词。
3. 注意：⾮延续性动词不能⽤“现在完成时 + 表⽰⼀段时间的状语”的句型中。这些动词有：come, go, start, leave, die, buy, finish, join, borrow, stop等。但它们能够⽤表⽰持续状态的相应的延续性动词替换句中的⾮延续性性动词。如：
arrive, come → be here, be in
buy → have
begin, start → be on
die → be dead
go out → be out
join → be in
borrow → keep
finish, end → be over
clo → be clod
leave, move → be away
fall asleep → be asleep南红的鉴别方法
4. 现在完成时与⼀般过去时的区别：
现在完成时和⼀般过去时都表⽰过去发⽣的动作。差别在于：现在完成时强调的是动作
与现在的关系，即对现在的影响或动作延续到现在；⽽⼀般过去时只表⽰动作在过去某时发⽣，不表⽰和现在有关系。因此，句中有过去时间状语时，⼀般⽤⼀般过去时。试⽐较：
I have lost my new bike. 我把新⾃⾏车丢了。 (现在还未找到)
I lost my new bike yesterday. 我昨天把新⾃⾏车丢了。 (现在找到与否不清楚)
He worked there for three years. 他在那⾥⼯作了 3 年。 (现在已不在那⾥⼯作)
He has worked there for three years. 他在那⾥⼯作已 3 年了。 (现在仍在那⾥⼯作)
5. 注意: have / has gone to, have / has been to 和have / has been in的区别：
泡沫混凝土砌块have / has gone to 表⽰⼈在去某地的路上或在某地，还未回来；
have / has been to 表⽰⼈曾经去某地，并且⼈已经回来了；
have / has been in 表⽰⼈已经在某地，常与⼀段时间连⽤。
七、过去完成时
1. 概念：表⽰以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发⽣的动作或⾏为，或在过去某动作之前的⾏为，即“过去的过去”。
2. 常见时间状语标志：before, by the end of last term / week / month / year 等。
例如：
Most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 当他到达晚会现场时，⼤多数客⼈已经离开了。
By the 1990s the number had fallen to about 50,000. 截⽌到20世纪90年代， (藏羚⽺的) 数量下降到了⼤约5万只。
Before he volunteered to direct the traffic, Timoteo had had lots of jobs. 铁穆特欧在志愿指挥交通之前做过很多⼯作。
⼋、过去将来时
1. 概念：表⽰从过去某个时间看即将发⽣的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时由“should / would +动词原形”构成。
2. 常见时间状语标志：通常在宾语从句中出现，主句谓语动词为过去时态。
例如：
She said she would be there at ven o’clock, and he thought she would keep her word. 她说她会在7点到达，他认为她会守信⽤的。
They always told us that one day we would move into a hou, a real hou that would be ours. 他们那时总是跟我们说总有⼀天我们会搬进⼀所房⼦，⼀所真正属于我们的房⼦。
