摘要
摘要
本文的主要工作是研究一个时间频率自动检测系统，实现了对时间频率测量仪器的多台同时自动检测。主要内容包括：频差倍增法测量频率和彩色电视副载波校频的研究应用；智能校频仪的设计与实现；多路时间频率自动检测系统的结构方案设计；时间频率计量检定方法研究；测量不确定度分析。
在多路时间频率自动检测系统中，应用了彩色电视副载波信号定期校准标准信号源的频率。彩色电视副载波校频具有容易得到可用的信号、操作简单等特点。只要把取自彩色电视机的副载波信号与被校信号源进行频率或周期比对，即可确保其提供的时间频率信号准确可靠。
在系统结构设计中，采用频差倍增法，通过多次倍频、混频、滤波的方法将标准频率源和被检信号频率之间的频差加以放大，用电子计数器测量倍增后的差频，提高测试精度(1～10000倍)。计算机通过IEEE-488接口和射频测控开关、电子计数器连接。计算机控制射频程控开关、测量设备，顺序接通被检信号和标准信号进行比对，同时控制电子计数器采集测量数据。
系统主控程序由可视化编程软件平台Testpoint实现。计算机依据检定规程设定检定时间，顺序启动射频程控开关，接通各个被检信号，进行数据采集。然后对所采集数据进行分析计算，同时进行处理判断。可实现数据保存、数据报表、打印及历史记录查询等功能。
应用该系统可以开展通用时间频率测量仪器的检测工作，主要检测项目包括：频率稳定度、日老化率、日频率波动、开机特性、频率重现性、频率准确度。利用该系统，增加低温试验箱可以开展快速预热晶体振荡器的检测工作，主要项目有：温度系数、频率调整范围、负载特性、电压特性。利用系统的部分设备，购置标准GPS接收机，编写测控及数据采集、处理软件，可以开展GPS 接收机的检测工作。检测项目包括：定时偏差、定时稳定度、定位偏差。
多路时间频率自动检测系统的研制，改变过去落后的测试方法，一次可以同时自动检测16台仪器。可视化编程，丰富的人机界面，所有测量工作自动完成，无需人员值守。提高测试精度、减轻人员劳动强度、提高工作效率，确保试验数据的准确可靠，为常规兵器试验提供有力的保障。
关键词：时间频率 计量方法 自动检测
I
Abstract
The primary work of this article is to design an automatic examining system time-frequency, the main content includes: the rearch and application of the frequency measuring using frequency-margin diplosis and the frequency calibrating using subsidiary carrier wave of multicolour television; the desi
gn and realization of intelligent frequency calibrating apparatus; the structural design of the automatic multiprocessing time frequency checking and examining system; rearching on the method of time-frequency measure examining and confirming; analysing the indeterminacy level in measuring.
In the automatic multiprocessing time frequency checking and examining system, the subsidiary carrier wave signal of multicolour television was applied to calibrate the frequency of the standard signal source for each certain period. The frequency calibrating using subsidiary carrier wave of multicolour television has characteristics such as gaining available signal easily, operating simply etc. We can insure that the time frequency signal they provide is exact and credibility as long as we compare the difference of the frequency and period between the subsidiary carrier wave signal got from multicolour television and the signal source to be calibrated.
In the structure design of the system, adopting frequency-margin diplosis method, through method of repetitious diplosising frequency, mixing, filting wave, we magnify the frequency-margin between standard frequency source and the signal frequency to be examined, measure the diplosid frequency-margin using electric counter, increasing the testing precision (1～10000times). The computer connects with the radial signal controlling switch and the electric counter through IEEE-48
8 interface. The computer controls the radial signal program-controlling switch and the measuring equipment, switch on with the signal to be checked and the standard signal orderly, and compare the signals, and controls the electric counter to collect measuring data at the same time.
The system primary controlling program is realized through Testpoint, which is a sight programme software plat. The computer enacts the examining time according to
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我们都是木头人the examining rules, start-up the radial signal program-controlling switch orderly, switch on with each signal to be checked, and collect the data. Then analy and calculate the data that collected, handle and judge them at the same time. The system can realize functions such as data saving, data report-forms, printing and history-record inquiring etc.
Using this system, we can accomplish the checking and measuring work of the common time frequency measuring equipment, the main items include: frequency stability, daily aging rate, daily frequency fluctuate, startup characteristics, frequency recuring, frequency veracity. Using this system, adding a low-temperature testing caisson, we can examine and test the apace warm-up crystal oscillator, the main items include: temperature coefficient, frequency adjusting range, load ch
aracteristic, voltage characteristic. Using some equipments of this system, purcha a standard GPS receiver, write a software of controlling and data collection ﹠ handling, we can check and measure the GPS receiver. The main items include: timing margin, timing stability, orientation margin.
The design and manufacture of the automatic multiprocessing time frequency examining system altered the laggard former examining method, it can examine 16 equipments automatically at one time. With sight programme and abundant interface, all measuring work can be finished automatically, and needn’t personnel to guard. The system can increa the measuring precision, lighten the labor intensity of the personnel, increa work efficiency, insure the veracity and credibility of the testing data, and provide a powerful guarantee for conventional weapon test.
Key Word: time frequency, examining method, automatic measure
III
目录
第一章绪论 (1)
1.1 课题背景 (1)
1.2 时间频率计量基本概念 (1)
1.2.1 时间 (1)
1.2.2 频率 (2)
1.2.3 时间频率计量单位 (2)
1.3 时间频率计量发展概况 (2)
1.3.1 时间频率计量与其它学科的联系 (2)七拼八凑打一数字
1.3.2 国内外时间频率计量技术的发展 (3)
1.4 本文主要研究的工作 (9)
1.4.1 测量与校准技术的研究与应用 (9)
1.4.2 课题创新点 (9)
第二章系统硬件的设计与实现 (10)
2.1 频差倍增法测频原理 (10)
个人委托书的简单写法2.1.1 直接测量法 (10)
2.1.2 倍频测量法 (10)
2.1.3 频差倍增法 (11)
2.2 智能校频仪的设计与实现 (12)
2.2.1 彩色副载波校频的实现 (12)
2.2.2 智能校频仪的原理 (13)
2.2.3 谐波混频器的实现 (14)
2.3 多路时间频率自动检测系统组成原理 (15)
2.3.1 系统设备构成 (15)
2.3.2 HP5061A铯原子频率标准 (15)
2.3.3 4110A频差倍增器 (16)
2.3.4 SS1992通用电子计数器 (17)
男生qq头像动漫2.3.5 TF9901型射频程控开关 (19)
2.3.6 系统工作原理 (19)
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2.4 多路时间频率自动检测系统技术指标 (20)
第三章可视化编程实现系统控制 (22)
3.1 Testpoint 可视化编程软件介绍 (22)
3.2 软件界面及其功能 (22)
3.2.1 主程序 (22)
3.2.2文件操作 (23)
3.2.3 测量项目选择 (24)
3.2.4 测量程序 (24)
3.2.5 数据处理 (26)
3.3 程序流程的实现 (27)
第四章时间频率计量检定方法研究 (30)
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4.1 通用时间频率测量仪器检定方法 (30)
4.1.1日老化率 (30)
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4.1.2 频率稳定度 (32)
4.1.3日频率波动 (33)
4.1.4开机特性 (33)
4.1.5频率重现性 (34)
4.1.6频率准确度 (34)
4.2 快速预热晶体振荡器及检定方法 (35)
lilin4.2.1 温度系数 (35)
4.2.2 频率调整范围、分辨率 (36)
4.2.3 负载特性 (36)
4.2.4 电压特性 (37)
4.3 GPS接收机检定方法 (37)
4.3.1 定时偏差 (37)
4.3.2 定时稳定度 (38)
4.3.3 定位偏差 (39)
4.3.4 数据处理 (40)
第五章测量结果不确定度分析 (42)
5.1频率准确度测量不确定度分析 (42)
5.1.1 A类不确定度 (42)
5.1.2 B类不确定度分量 (43)
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