2020年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解
专题七 I、J、K字部
1. ill
adj.生病的，有病的
关联词组：fall ill生病；feel ill感到不适；riously/badly ill病重
ill和sick的区别：
表示“生病的”意义时，ill通常只作表语，跟在系动词后面，例如be/become/get/look/em ill；
表示“生病的”意义时，sick可作表语，也可作定语，例如：
A vet helps sick pets and other animals.兽医帮助生病的宠物和别的动物。
词性转换：illness=sickness n.疾病
（2019，浙江卷，完形）
___2___, their economic(经济的) situation changed when she became ill with laryngitis(喉炎) in 1894.
2. A. Although B. So C. However D. Besides
2. imagine
v.想象；设想
imagine + 名词或代词：The hou was just as she had imagined it.这房子正是她所想象的。
imagine + that/wh-从句（that可省略），表示“胡乱猜想……；认为……”：
Clo your eyes and imagine (that) you are in a forest.闭上眼睛，设想自己在森林里。
imagine + doing 想象做某事：Imagine doing a horrible job like that!想象一下做那种可怕的工作吧！
imagine sb./sth. (to be)…：The boy imagined himlf (to be) a pilot.那个男孩想象自己是一名飞行员。
词性转换：imagination n.想象；imaginative adj.富有想象力的；imaginable adj.想象得到的；可想象的
（2019，浙江卷，阅读B）But most people in the world live in fear of things that they imagine.
3. immediately
adv.立刻，立即
用法：immediately常常和一些词搭配使用，比如：immediately after/following在……之后立即；鸡腿怎么做好吃又简单immediately before在……之前立即；immediately behind/above/below/in front of sth.后面/上面/下面/前面紧挨着……：the at immediately behind the driver驾驶员正后方的那个座位
词性转换：immediate adj.立刻的，直接的
同义词：immediately=at once=right away
（2019，浙江卷，单项填空）
5.Betty felt so tired last night that she ____________ fell asleep in bed after lying down.
A. recently B. suddenly C. frequently D. immediately
4. important
adj.雷锋的电影重要的
关联词组：play an important role起到重要作用
用法：important后面可接介词for/to，表示“对……很重要”；常用语It is important (for sb.) to do sth.结构，表示“（对……来说）做某事很重要”：It is important to follow the doctor’s advice.
词性转换：importance n.重要性，价值；importantly adv.重要地
（2019，山东卷，阅读B）So the family t out for Mongolia, where hors have been important五蠹原文及翻译 for long.
5. improve
v.改进，改善，提高；变得更好
用法：improve可作及物动词，后接名词或代词作宾语；也可作不及物动词，后面接状语成分：
Many wines improve with age (= get better as they get older ).很多葡萄酒年代越久越香醇。
词性转换：improvement n.改进，改善，提高；improved adj.改良的，改进过的：improved technology
（2019，山东卷，词汇运用）
50. Keeping English _________ (日记) is a good way to improve English.
6. include
皇上不急太监急v.包括，包含
include接动词的话，要接doing sth：
Your duties include typing letters and answering the telephone.你的职责是打信件和接电话。
include A in/on B把A列入B的一部分，把A算入B：
You should include some examples in your article.你应该在文章里举一些例子。
常用including的形式，引出需要罗列的宾语：
Hundreds were killed, including many women and children.数百人被杀，包括许多妇女和儿童。
词性转换：inclusion n.包含；内含物；inclusive adj.包括的，包含的
反义词：exclude v.不包括，排除
（2019，江苏卷，填空）
49. There ▲ (be) many things to enjoy about traveling, including the natural beauty and delicious food.
7. increa
v.（使）增加；增长；n.增加，增长
动词用法：increa可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。常用结构有：increa (sth.) (from A) (to B)，指“增加到”，表示结果；increa (sth.) (by sth.)，指“增加了……”，表示幅度。例如：
The population has incread from 1.2 million to 1.8 million.人口已从120万增加到了180万。
梧桐树的特点The population has incread by 0.6 million.人口已增加到了60万。
侧身
名词用法：increa作名词时，常用结构有：an increa in sth.在某方面增长：an increa in population在人口方面增长；on the increa正在增加（增长）：China’s population is on the increa.中国的人口正在增长。
词性转换：increasing adj.越来越多的；渐增的：an increasing number of…越来越多的……
反义词：decrea v.下降
（2019，北京卷，阅读C）985学校名单This will increa the amount of information our minds process and expand (增加) our experience of time.
8. industry
n.工业，行业，产业
关联词组：food/car/paper industry食品/汽车/造纸工业；heavy/light industry重/轻工业；rvice industry服务行业
词性转换：industrial adj.工业的，产业的；industrialize=industriali v.使/实现工业化
（2019，北京卷，阅读D）When societies industrialized, the knowledge of farming could be safe to forget.
9. influence
v.&n.影响（力）
名词用法：influence常搭配的介词有on/upon/over，表示对……有影响；常搭配的动词有have；常搭配的形容词有对自己的期望big/great/good/bad/positive/negative/strong等。例如：
Television can have a positive influence on young people.电视能对青年人产生积极的影响。
词性转换：influential adj.有影响力的；有势力的；influentially adv.有影响地
（2019，山东卷，阅读B）But Rupert faced the greatest challenge of his life when, at the age of two, Rowan was diagnod (诊断) with an illness that influenced his ability to communicate with others.
10. information
n.信息，消息
关联词组：information technology=I.T.信息技术；personal information个人信息；for information only仅供参考；information desk问讯处
用法：information是不可数名词，可用a piece of information表示“一条消息，一则信息”；在使用information的语境中，常用到for more/further information的句式，例如：
