No. | Description 描述 | Common name 一般名称 | Sketch 图 | |||||||||||||
Metallic Projections | ||||||||||||||||
A100: | Metallic projections in the form of fins or flash 飞边尾翅、披缝形式的多肉 | |||||||||||||||
A110: | Metallic projections in the form of fins (or flash) without change in principal casting dimensions飞边尾翅（披缝）形式的多肉，不改变铸件基本尺寸 | |||||||||||||||
A111 | Thin fins (or flash) at the parting line or at core prints 在分型线或芯头上的飞边（飞翅） | Joint flash or fins 飞边（飞翅） | ||||||||||||||
A112 | Projections in the form of veins on the casting Surface 铸件表面的毛刺 | Veining or finning 毛刺 | ||||||||||||||
A113 | Network of projections on the surface of die castings | Heat-checked die | ||||||||||||||
A 114(a) | Thin projection parallel to a casting surface, in re-entrant angles 平行于铸件表面，在凹角处小块多肉 | Fillet scab 圆角夹砂 | ||||||||||||||
A115 | Thin metallic projection located at a re-entrant angle and dividing the angle in two parts 在凹角处小块多肉将圆角分成两部分 | Fillet vein 圆角毛刺 | ||||||||||||||
A120 | Metallic projections in the form of fins with changes in principal casting dimensions 飞边多肉改变了铸件的基本尺寸 | |||||||||||||||
A 123(a) | Formation of fins in planes related to direction of mold asmbly (precision casting with waste pattern); principal casting dimensions change 合型不精确在平面上形成飞翅，改变铸件基本尺寸 | Cracked or broken mold 铸型裂纹或塌箱 | ||||||||||||||
A200 | Massive projections 大块多肉 | |||||||||||||||
A210 | Swells胀箱 | |||||||||||||||
A 212(a) | Excess metal in the vicinity of the gate or beneath the sprue 在内浇口附近或直浇道下方有大块金属 | Erosion, cut, or wash 冲砂 | ||||||||||||||
A 213(a) | Metal projections in the form of elongated areas in the direction of mold asmbly 在合型延长方向上的多肉 | Crush 掉砂 | ||||||||||||||
A220： | Projections with rough surfaces表面粗糙 | |||||||||||||||
A 221(a) | Projections with rough surfaces on the cope surface of the casting 铸件上箱面粗糙 | Mold drop or sticker 铸型掉砂 | ||||||||||||||
A 222(a) | Projections with rough surfaces on the drag surface of the casting (massive projections) 铸件下箱面粗糙(成块的) | Raid core or mold element cutoff 砂芯上浮，掉砂 | ||||||||||||||
A 223(a) | Projections with rough surfaces on the drag surface of the casting (in disperd areas) 铸件下箱面粗糙(分散的) | Raid sand 型砂上浮 | ||||||||||||||
A 224(a) | Projections with rough surfaces on other parts of the casting 铸件的其它位置表面粗糙 | Mold drop 铸型掉砂 | ||||||||||||||
A 225(a) | Projections with rough surfaces over extensive areas of the casting 铸件上大面积表面粗糙 | Corner scab 直角夹砂 | ||||||||||||||
A 226(a) | Projections with rough surfaces in an area formed by a core 由砂芯形成的表面处粗糙 | Broken or crushed Core 断芯 | ||||||||||||||
Cavities | ||||||||||||||||
B 100: | Cavities with generally rounded, smooth walls perceptible to the naked eye (blowholes, pinholes)裸眼看孔洞壁感觉是圆的、光滑的 | |||||||||||||||
B 110: | Class B 100 cavities internal to the casting, not extending to the surface, discernible only by special methods, machining, or fracture of the casting B100类型孔洞是在铸件壁内，未延伸至铸件表面，只能由特殊方法、设备或破碎铸件才能辨别 | |||||||||||||||
B111(a) | Internal, rounded cavities, usually smooth-walled, of varied size, isolated or grouped irregularly in all areas of the casting 在铸件壁内，圆的孔洞，通常洞壁光滑，有不同的大小，有单个的也有多个的，可以在铸件的各个部位 | Blowholes, pinholes 气孔，针孔 | ||||||||||||||
B112(a) | As above, but limited to the vicinity of metallic pieces placed in the mold (chills, inrts, chaplets, etc.) 和上面一样，但只限于在金属薄片放入铸型的邻近区域（过冷物、冷铁嵌入物、芯撑等） | Blowholes, adjacent to inrts, chills, chaplets, etc. 气孔，邻近过冷物、嵌入物、芯撑等 | ||||||||||||||
B113(a) | Like B 111, but accompanied by slag inclusions (G 122) 象B111类型，但是伴有渣 | Slag blowholes 渣气孔 | ||||||||||||||
B120 | Class B 100 cavities located at or near the casting surface, largely expod or at least connected with the exterior B 100 类型，位于或接近铸件表面，大部分暴露或与外部相连。 | |||||||||||||||
B 121(a) | Expod cavities of various sizes, isolated or grouped, usually at or near the surface, with shiny walls 裸露的各种大小的孔洞，单个的或是成片的，经常在表面附近，洞壁有点反光 | Surface or subsurface blowholes 表面或皮下气孔 | ||||||||||||||
B 122(a) | Expod cavities, in re-entrant angles of the casting, often extending deeply within 裸露的孔洞，在铸件的转角处，经常延伸到铸件的内部 | Corner blowholes, Draws 拐角处气孔、吸气 | ||||||||||||||
B 123(a) | Fine porosity (cavities) at the casting surface, appearing over more or less extended areas 铸件表面小的孔洞，或多或少的有延伸 | Surface pinholes 表面针孔 | ||||||||||||||
B 124(a) | Small, narrow cavities in the form of cracks, appearing on the faces or along edges, generally only after machining 小的、窄象裂纹一样的孔洞，在表面或边沿，通常加工后才发现 | Disperd shrinkage 分散的缩孔 | ||||||||||||||
B 200: | Cavities with generally rough walls, shrinkage 通常洞壁粗糙的孔洞，缩孔 | |||||||||||||||
B 210: | Open cavity of Class B 200, sometimes penetrating deeply into the casting B200型的开放型孔洞，有时候穿透到铸件的内部 | |||||||||||||||
B 211(a) | Open, funnel-shaped cavity; wall usually covered with dendrites 开放式漏斗状孔洞，壁面常覆有树枝晶 | Open or external shrinkage 开放式缩孔 | ||||||||||||||
B 212(a) | Open, sharp-edged cavity in fillets of thick castings or at gate locations 开放式尖锐状孔洞，在厚大铸件的圆角处或浇口位置 | 榜上村Corner or fillet shrinkage 圆角处缩孔 | ||||||||||||||
B 213(a) | Open cavity extending from a core 从砂芯延伸出来的开放式孔洞 | Core shrinkage 砂芯缩孔 | ||||||||||||||
B 220: 他变了 | Class B 200 cavity located completely internal to the casting B 200型孔洞，完全在铸件内部 | |||||||||||||||
B 221(a) | Internal, irregularly shaped cavity; wall often dendritic 内部不规则，孔壁呈树枝晶状 | Internal or blind shrinka 内部缩孔 | ||||||||||||||
B 222(a) | Internal cavity or porous area along central axis 沿着中心轴线的内部孔洞或多孔区域 | Centerline or axial shrinkage 中心轴线缩孔 | ||||||||||||||
B300： | Porous structures caud by numerous small cavities 由大量小孔洞引起的多孔结构 | |||||||||||||||
B311： | Cavities according to B 300, scarcely perceptible to the naked eye | |||||||||||||||
B 311(a) | Disperd, spongy dendritic shrinkage within walls of casting; barely perceptible to the naked eye 铸件壁上有分散的、多孔的树枝晶缩孔，裸眼很难发现 | Macro-or micro- shrinkage, shrinkage porosity, leakers 宏观或微观性缩孔，渗漏 | ||||||||||||||
Discontinuities | ||||||||||||||||
C100： | Discontinuities, generally at interctions, caud by mechanical effects (rupture) 断裂，通常在横断面，由机加工影响产生的的断裂 | |||||||||||||||
C110： | Normal cracking 冬天是什么样子的普通裂纹 | |||||||||||||||
C 111(a) | Normal fracture appearance, sometimes with adjacent indentation marks 一般的外观破裂，有时候邻近区域伴有压痕 | Breakage (cold) 断裂 | ||||||||||||||
C120： | Cracking with oxidation | |||||||||||||||
C 121(a) | Fracture surface oxidized completely around edges 边缘处断裂面完全氧化 | Hot cracking 热裂 | ||||||||||||||
C200： | Discontinuities caud by internal tension and restraints to contraction (cracks and tears)由内应力和内部收缩造成的断裂 | |||||||||||||||
C210： | Cold cracking or tearing | |||||||||||||||
C 211(a) | Discontinuities with squared edges in areas susceptible to tensile stress during cooling; surface not oxidized 冷却过程中受张应力拉应力影响形成的方形断裂，表面没氧化 | Cold tearing 冷裂 | ||||||||||||||
C220： | Hot cracking and tearing | |||||||||||||||
C 221(a) | Irregularly shaped discontinuities in areas susceptible to tension; oxidized fracture surface showing dendritic pattern 在有应力部位的无规则形状的断裂，氧化断口表面呈树枝状 | Hot tearing 热裂 | ||||||||||||||
C 222(a) | Rupture after complete solidification, either during cooling or heat treatment 完全凝固后破裂或在冷却或热处理过程中破裂 | Quench cracking 淬火裂纹 | ||||||||||||||
C300： | Discontinuities caud by lack of fusion (cold shuts); edges generally rounded, indicating poor contact between various metal streams during filling of the mold 冷隔，边缘通常呈圆形，表明在充型的过程中不同金属液流之间熔合不好 | |||||||||||||||
C310： | Lack of complete fusion in the last portion of the casting to fill 在充型的过程中最后部分没有完全熔合 | |||||||||||||||
C 311(a) | Complete or partial paration of casting wall, often in a vertical plane 在一个垂直面上，铸件的壁完全或部分的隔开 | Cold shut or cold lap 冷隔 | ||||||||||||||
C320： | Lack of fusion between two parts of casting 两个铸件之间缺少熔合 | |||||||||||||||
庄子典故C 321(a) | Separation of the casting in a horizontal plane 在铸件的水平平面上有分隔 | Interrupted pour 浇注断流 | ||||||||||||||
C330： | Lack of fusion around chaplets, internal chills, and inrts 芯撑、内冷铁、冷却套周围熔合不好 | |||||||||||||||
C 331(a) | Local discontinuity in vicinity of metallic inrt 在金属嵌入物附近的局部间断 | Chaplet or inrt cold shut, unfud chaplet 冷却套、芯撑熔合不好 | ||||||||||||||
C400： | Discontinuities caud by metallurgical defects 金相缺陷造成的间断 | |||||||||||||||
C410： | Separation along grain boundaries 沿晶界分离 | |||||||||||||||
C 411(a) | Separation along grain boundaries of primary crystallization 一次结晶沿晶界分离 | Conchoidal or “rock candy” fracture 贝壳或岩石状断口 | ||||||||||||||
C 412(a) | Network of cracks over entire cross ction 整个横截面上的网状裂纹 | Intergranular corrosion 晶间腐蚀 | ||||||||||||||
Defective Surface 表面缺陷 | ||||||||||||||||
D0： | Casting surface irregularities 铸件表面不规则 | |||||||||||||||
D110： | Fold markings on the skin of the casting 铸件表面褶皱 | |||||||||||||||
D111 | Fold markings over rather large areas of the casting 铸件大面积褶皱 | Surface folds, gas runs 表面褶皱 | ||||||||||||||
D112 | Surface shows a network of jagged folds or wrinkles (ductile iron) 表面呈网状粗造褶皱（球铁） | Cope defect, elephant skin, laps 盖箱缺陷， 折皱、皱纹 | ||||||||||||||
D113 | Wavy fold markings without discontinuities; edges of folds at same level, casting surface is smooth 无间断波浪褶皱，褶皱的边缘在同一水平，铸件表面光滑 | Seams or scars 发纹或疤痕 | ||||||||||||||
D114 | Casting surface markings showing direction of liquid metal flow (light alloys) 铸件表面有液态金属流动痕迹（轻合金） | Flow marks 流痕 | ||||||||||||||
D120： | ||||||||||||||||
D121 | Depth of surface roughness is approximately that of the dimensions of the sand grains 表面粗糙的深度和砂粒的大小相似 | Rough casting Surface 铸件表面粗糙 | ||||||||||||||
D122 | Depth of surface roughness is greater than that of the sand grain dimensions 表面粗糙的深度比砂粒的大小大得多 | Severe roughness, high pressure molding defect 严重粗糙 高压成型缺陷 | ||||||||||||||
D130： | Grooves on the casting surface 铸件表面沟漕 | |||||||||||||||
D131 | Grooves of various lengths, often branched, with smooth bottoms and edges 不同长度的沟漕，经常树枝状底部和边缘光滑 | Buckle 沟漕铸型严重鼠尾 | ||||||||||||||
D132 | Grooves up to 5.1 mm (0.2 in.) in depth, one edge forming a fold which more or less completely covers the groove 可能达到5.1mm的深度，边缘形成的褶皱或多或少的覆盖了沟漕 | Rat tail 鼠尾 | ||||||||||||||
D133 | Irregularly distributed depressions of various dimensions extending over the casting surface, usually along the path of metal flow (cast steel) 延伸到铸件表面、各种尺寸的非规则分布凹陷（铸钢） | Flow marks, crow's feet 流痕 鱼尾纹 | ||||||||||||||
D134 | Casting surface entirely pitted or pock-marked 铸件表面整个的凹坑或麻子，麻点，痘痕 | Orange peel, metal mold reaction, alligator skin 桔子皮、鳄鱼皮 | ||||||||||||||
D135 | Grooves and roughness in the vicinity of re-entrant angles on die castings 压铸件在拐角附近的沟槽和粗糙 | Soldering, die erosion 模具侵蚀 | ||||||||||||||
D140： | Depressions in the casting surface 铸件表面凹陷 | |||||||||||||||
D141 | Casting surface depressions in the vicinity of a hot spot 热节处铸件表面凹陷 | Sink marks, draw or suck-in 缩陷 | ||||||||||||||
D142 | Small, superficial cavities in the form of droplets of shallow spots, generally in color 一颗小的表面的孔洞，通常是苍绿色的 | Slag inclusions 夹渣、熔渣夹杂 | ||||||||||||||
D200： | Serious surface defects 严重的表面缺陷 | |||||||||||||||
D210： | Deep indentation of the casting surface 铸件表面较深的凹陷 | |||||||||||||||
D211 | Deep indentation, often over large area of drag half of casting 深的凹痕槽，经常占了下型半个铸件的大部分 | Push-up, 掉砂、砂眼clamp-off挤箱、掉砂 | ||||||||||||||
D220： | Adherence of sand, more or less vitrified 粘砂、或多或少玻璃化 | |||||||||||||||
D221 | Sand layer strongly adhering to the casting surface 砂层紧紧的粘在铸件上 | Burn on 化学粘砂（烧结粘砂） | ||||||||||||||
D222 | Very adherent layer of partially fud sand 部分砂熔融形成粘附很紧的一层 | Burn in 熔融粘砂 | ||||||||||||||
D223 | Conglomeration of strongly adhering sand and metal at the hottest points of the casting (re-entrant angles and cores) 大块的砂和铁紧紧粘附在铸件最热的地方 | Metal penetration 机械粘砂 | ||||||||||||||
D224 | Fragment of mold material embedded in casting surface 铸型材料碎片掉入铸件表面 | Dip coat spall, scab 浸涂层剥落 夹砂 | ||||||||||||||
D230 | Plate-like metallic projections with rough surfaces, usually parallel to casting surface 片状多肉伴有粗糙表面，通常和铸件表面相平行 | |||||||||||||||
D 231(a) | Plate-like metallic projections with rough surfaces parallel to casting surface; removable by burr or chil 片状多肉伴有粗糙表面，通常和铸件表面相平行；可以用凿子或锉子清除 | Scabs, expansion Scabs 夹砂，膨胀夹砂 | ||||||||||||||
D 232(a) | As above, but impossible to eliminate except by machining or grinding 和上面一样，但是不可能清除掉，除非机加工或磨削 | Cope spall, boil scab, erosion scab 严重起皮， 严重夹砂， 冲蚀结疤 | ||||||||||||||
D 233(a) | Flat, metallic projections on the casting where mold or core washes or dressings are ud 平的多肉位于铸型或砂芯受冲刷或有涂料的地方 | Blacking scab, wash scab 涂料结疤、涂料起皮 | ||||||||||||||
D240 | Oxides adhering after heat treatment (annealing, tempering, malleablizing) by decarburization 脱碳热处理(退火、回火、可锻化退火)后氧化物粘附 | |||||||||||||||
D241 | Adherence of oxide after annealing 退火后氧化物粘附 | Oxide scale 氧化皮、铁磷 | ||||||||||||||
D242 | Adherence of ore after malleablizing (white heart malleable) 可锻铁退火后矿物粘附 可锻化退火后矿物粘附（白心可锻铸铁） | Adherent packing Material 粘附的包裹材料 | ||||||||||||||
D243 | Scaling after anneal 退火后生成氧化皮 | Scaling 生成氧化皮、铁磷 | ||||||||||||||
Incomplete Casting 铸件不完整 | ||||||||||||||||
E100： | Missing portion of casting (no fracture) 铸件的一部分缺失（没有断裂） | |||||||||||||||
E110： | Superficial variations from pattern shape 从铸型形状的表面变化着凉发烧怎么办 | |||||||||||||||
E111 | Casting is esntially complete except for more or less rounded edges and corners 除了部分圆角和边角外。铸件基本完整 | Misrun 浇不足 | ||||||||||||||
E112 | Deformed edges or contours due to poor mold repair or careless application of wash coatings 由于铸型修补不好或涂料应用不当，造成铸件边缘或轮廓变形 | Defective coating (tear-dropping) or poor mold repair 或铸型修补不好 涂料缺陷（流泪） | ||||||||||||||
E120： | Serious variations from pattern shape 铸件相对铸型严重偏差 | |||||||||||||||
E121 | Casting incomplete due to premature solidification 提前凝固导致铸件不完全 | Misrun 浇不满、缺铸 | ||||||||||||||
E122 | Casting incomplete due to insufficient metal poured 由于铁水不足未浇满导致铸件不完全 | Poured short 浇不足 | ||||||||||||||
E123 | Casting incomplete due to loss of metal from mold after pouring 浇注后由于铁水流失导致铸件不完全 | Runout 漏箱；跑火 | ||||||||||||||
E124 | Significant lack of material due to excessive shot-blasting 过抛导致材料严重缺失 | Excessive cleaning 抛伤 | ||||||||||||||
E125 | Casting partially melted or riously deformed during annealing 退火后铸件部分熔化或严重变形 | Fusion or melting during heat treatment 热处理时金属熔融 | ||||||||||||||
E200： | Missing portion of casting (with fracture) 铸件的一部分缺失（有断裂） | |||||||||||||||
E210： | Fractured casting 铸件断裂 | |||||||||||||||
E211 | Casting broken, large piece missing; fractured surface not oxidized 铸件破裂，大块缺失；断裂面没有氧化 | Fractured casting 铸件断裂 | ||||||||||||||
E220： | Piece broken from casting 铸件部分破裂 | |||||||||||||||
E221 | Fracture dimensions correspond to tho of gates, vents, etc 相当于在浇口、气孔针处折断 | Broken casting (at gate, rir, or vent) 损伤（在内浇口、冒口、气孔针） | ||||||||||||||
E230： | Fractured casting with oxidized fracture 破裂铸件带有氧化断口 | |||||||||||||||
E231 | Fracture appearance indicates exposure to oxidation while hot 破裂面在高温下暴露氧化 | Early shakeout 提前开箱 | ||||||||||||||
Incorrect Dimensions or Shape 形状或尺寸不合 | ||||||||||||||||
F100： | Incorrect dimensions; correct shape 尺寸不对，形状对 尺寸不合格、形状符合 | |||||||||||||||
F110： | All casting dimensions incorrect 铸件所有尺寸都符合 | |||||||||||||||
F111 | All casting dimensions incorrect in the same proportions 铸件所有尺寸都以一个相同的比例不正确 | Improper shrinkage Allowance 收缩公差（缩水）不合适 | ||||||||||||||
F120 | Certain casting dimensions incorrect 铸件某些尺寸不正确 | |||||||||||||||
F121 | Distance too great between extended projections 长向尺寸太大 | Hindered contraction 收缩受阻 | ||||||||||||||
F122 | Certain dimensions inexact 特定尺寸不精确 | Irregular contraction 收缩不对称 不规则收缩 | ||||||||||||||
F123 | Dimensions too great in the direction of rapping of pattern 起模方向尺寸太大 | Excess rapping of Pattern 铸型过度松模 起模过量 | ||||||||||||||
F124 | Dimensions too great in direction perpendicular to parting line 垂直于分型线方向上尺寸过大 | Mold expansion during baking 烘烤时模样膨胀 | ||||||||||||||
F125 | Excessive metal thickness at irregular locations on casting exterior 铸件外面不规则位置金属过厚 | Soft or insufficient ramming, mold-wall movement 铸型不紧实，型壁移动 | ||||||||||||||
F126 | Thin casting walls over general area, especially on horizontal surfaces 八佰伴铸件整体壁厚变薄，特别是水平面上 | Distorted casting 铸件变形 | ||||||||||||||
F200： | Casting shape incorrect overall or in certain locations 铸件形状完全不对或在某一个位置上不对 | |||||||||||||||
F210： | Pattern incorrect 模样不对 | |||||||||||||||
F211 | Casting does not conform to the drawing shape in some or many respects; same is true of pattern 铸件不符合图纸形状，模样也是 | Pattern error 模样错误 | ||||||||||||||
F212 | Casting shape is different from drawing in a particular area; pattern is correct 铸件形状在某个特别区域和图纸不同，模样是对的 | Pattern mounting Error 模样安装、装配错误 | ||||||||||||||
F220： | Shift or Mismatch 错箱或错配 | |||||||||||||||
F221 | Casting appears to have been subjected to a shearling action in the plane of the parting line 铸件分型线平面上受剪切力。 | Shift 错箱 | ||||||||||||||
F222 | Variation in shape of an internal casting cavity along the parting line of the core 铸件内孔形状在砂芯分型线上变化 | Shifted core 错芯 | ||||||||||||||
F223 | Irregular projections on vertical surfaces, generally on one side only in the vicinity of the parting line 铸件垂直面上不规则多肉，通常只在分型线邻近一侧 | Ramoff, ramaway 落砂，掉砂，错位 | ||||||||||||||
F230： | Deformations from correct shape 变形 | |||||||||||||||
F231 | Deformation with respect to drawing proportional for casting, mold, and pattern 铸件、铸型、模样与图纸成比例变形 | Deformed pattern 模样变形 | ||||||||||||||
F232 | Deformation with respect to drawing proportional for casting and mold; pattern conforms to drawing 铸件、模样与图纸成比例变形，铸型与图纸相符 | Deformed mold, mold creep, springback 铸型变形 | ||||||||||||||
F233 | Casting deformed with respect to drawing; pattern and mold conform to drawing 铸件变形，铸型、模样与图纸成比例变形 | Casting distortion 铸件变形 | ||||||||||||||
F234 | Casting deformed with respect to drawing after storage, annealing, machining 铸件在存放、退火、机加工后变形与图纸不符 | Warped casting 铸件弯曲 | ||||||||||||||
Inclusions or Structural Anomalies 夹杂或结构异常 | ||||||||||||||||
G100： | 于谦资料Inclusions 夹杂 | |||||||||||||||
G110： | Metallic inclusions 金属夹杂 | |||||||||||||||
G 111(a) | Metallic inclusions who appearance, chemical analysis or structural examination show to be caud by an element foreign to the alloy 金属夹杂，外观，化学分析或结构检查检验显示是由外来元素进入合金引起 | Metallic inclusions 金属夹杂 | ||||||||||||||
G 112(a) | Metallic inclusions of the same chemical composition as the ba metal; generally spherical and often coated with oxide 金属夹杂其化学成份与基体金属一致，通常为球状的且被氧化物包裹 | Cold shot 铁豆 | ||||||||||||||
G133 | Spherical metallic inclusions inside blowholes or other cavities or in surface depressions (e A 311). Composition approximates that of the alloy cast but nearer to that of a eutectic 球状的金属夹杂在气孔内或在其它孔洞东在表面凹坑内。成份与合金铸件接近但是更接近共晶成份 | Internal sweating, phosphide sweat 内渗物 磷化物渗出（磷豆） | ||||||||||||||
G120： | Nonmetallic inclusions; slag, dross, flux 非金属夹杂，渣 非金属夹杂:熔渣、浮渣、溶剂夹渣 | |||||||||||||||
G 121(a) | Nonmetallic inclusions who appearance or analysis shows they ari from melting slags, products of metal treatment or fluxes 非金属夹杂，外观或经分析来源于铁水中的渣上浮，用来处理铁水的产品或熔剂 非金属夹杂，外观或分析表明其来源于熔化的渣上浮，用来处理铁水的产品或熔剂 | Slag, dross or flux inclusions, ceroxides 熔渣,浮渣，熔剂夹杂， | ||||||||||||||
G 122(a) | Nonmetallic inclusions generally impregnated with gas and accompanied by blowholes (B 113) 非金属夹杂，通常包裹气，伴有气孔 | Slag blowhole defect 渣气孔缺陷 | ||||||||||||||
G130： | Nonmetallic inclusions; mold or core materials 非金属夹杂，型芯材料 | |||||||||||||||
G 131(a) | Sand inclusions, generally very clo to the surface of the casting 夹砂，通常非常接近铸件表面 | Sand inclusions 夹砂 | ||||||||||||||
G 132(a) | Inclusions of mold blacking or dressing, generally very clo to the casting surface 铸型石墨涂料夹杂，通常非常接近铸件表面 | Blacking or refractory coating inclusions 石墨涂料或耐高温涂层夹杂 | ||||||||||||||
G140： | Nonmetallic inclusions; oxides and reaction products 非金属夹杂、氧化物和反应产物 | |||||||||||||||
G141 | Clearly defined, irregular black spots on the fractured surface of ductile cast iron 很明显，在球墨铸件的断裂面上有不规则的黑点 | Black spots 黑斑 | ||||||||||||||
G 142(a) | Inclusions in the form of oxide skins, most often causing a localized am 氧化皮夹杂，经常产生局部缝口 | Oxide inclusion or skins, ams 氧化夹杂、氧化皮、疤痕 | ||||||||||||||
G 143(a) | Folded films of graphitic luster in the wall of the casting 铸件壁上石墨光亮层起皮 | Lustrous carbon films, or kish tracks 光亮碳薄层 | ||||||||||||||
G 144 | Hard inclusions in permanent molded and die cast aluminum alloys 金属型和压铸铝合金硬质点夹杂 | Hard spots 硬点（硬疤） | ||||||||||||||
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