心灵鸡汤正能量短文英语国家社会与文化上册答案
上册15单元
1. What are the unique features of the Australian continent?
答：Isolated from other major land mass, Australia’s distinctive flora and fauna evolved through its long period as an island continent.
2 Discuss the social and cultural values embodied in the Dreaming.讨论社会和文化价值在做梦中的体现
Membership in a particular language group was of great social and cultural significance. Traditionally, languages belong to tracts of country which, in the belief system of the Dreaming, have been put in their places by Dreamtime creator figures.
3. Why does the author say that ‘In most of the languages there is no distinction between the words for “belief”,”law” and “knowledge”? Do you think it’s true in your own language?娄彩敏
The sacred creation stories are not only explanations about how the country came to be formed, they also provide principles of how people should live and interact with others, especially with whom they may or may not intermarry.
4. (1)What do you know about Zheng He’s voyages in the 15th century?
(2)Do you think his fleet got to the northern part of Australia?
(3)Why?
答：(1)Yes. (2)Yes.
(3) In 1405, Zhu Di the Ming emperor commissioned his admiral ZhengHe to take 317 of his ships to the Middle East and Eastern Africa .Between 1405 and 1433 ZhengHe made ven trips routinely passing through what we now call Southeast and South Asia .I am sure that ZhengHe had gone there ,becau there is evidence that veral ships from that armada landed on the Aru Islands to the north of Arnhem Land.
5. What is the impact of the assimilation policy on the indigenous people? 同化政策对本土人民的影响是什么？
答：The missionaries on the “protected rerves” t out destroy the culture of the Dreaming and to replace it with Christianity. As the children grew to adulthood many of them had lost both their families and their culture. They were employed as domestic rvants or on cattle stations .Young Aboriginal women were continually at risk of rape. Aboriginal people were excluded from the social ,the political ,the education ,the health rvices and other aspects. Racism was an entrenched part of Australian culture until the 1960s and operated at the personal and institutional level.
Unit 18
1. Do you think the Australia government system is a democratic one? Why?
成就的英语
Australia has what has been called a “Wash minster” form of polity. In other words it is a mixture of the US, Washington system of government and the British, Westminster syste
m: the political structure is bad on a Federation of States and has a three-tier system of government but the chief executive is a Prime Minister not a President.
2. Why do you think Australia adopted the “Wash minister” form of polity? Do you think it reflects the advantages of both systems?
闲置土地
The political structure of Australia is bad on a Federation of State and has a three-tier system of government, but the chief executive is a Prime Minister not a President.
Yes. Although Australia has a three-tier system of government, the Prime Minister and his Cabinet at federal level is the acknowledged centre of Australia parliamentary power.
3. Do you think the pluralist form of government is ideal? What are its drawbacks?冬怎么写
Yes. Citizens can choo the government and exert their power. This system cures transparency and thus accountability. Pluralism provides for a ready made alternative government. The Australian government system is a democratic one. Australians understand and conduct life upon a basic commitment to different.
4. Do you think the government can improve the efficiency of the social welfare and social curity rvices by contracting them out to private ctor?
Yes. It is being encouraged to focus on producing program as marketable commodities to reduce its dependence upon government funding.
腹鸣5. Is the loss of social capital a necessary cost in maintaining a country’s strong economy? Why?
Yes. Both the Labor and Coalition Parties have been instrumental in deregulating the economy. The Coalition is associated with the most stringent forms, and the Labor Party is aligned with a political program.
第二个家As citizens, Australians today are debating whether the loss of “social capital”---the cut-backs of public spending on education, health and the public broadcaster---is a necessary cost in maintaining Australia’s position as one of the “strong” economies in global league tables. However, the Coalition is associated with the most stringent forms o
f economic rationalism especially with making a balanced budget the programmer focusing more on the balance between social and economic aspects of Australian life.
Unit 20
1. Why do you think there was strong racism against Chine and Pacific Islanders in Australia in the late 19th century?
The Chine constituted the third largest group and were subjected to racism at many levels. They were the target of physical attacks. Pacific Islanders were kidnapped by the “Blackbirder’s”.
