Journal of Integrative Agriculture2019,18(9):1953-1960
Available online at
ScienceDirect
ELSEVIER
热肠古道REVIEW
Degradation mechanisms of oxytetracycline in the environment
LI Zhao-jun1,QI Wei-ning12*,FENG Yao1,LIU Yuan-wang1,Ebrahim Shehata1,LONG Jian2永恒运动
1Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory for Soil Molecular Ecology,Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chine Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing100081,P.R.China真爱无限
嵌入式是什么2Guizhou Key Laboratory of Mountain Environment,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang550001,P.R.China
Abstract润唇膏可以吃吗
Over the past few decades,the usage of oxytetracycli ne(OTC),a kind of antibiotic,has in c read with the developme n t of aquaculture and livestock breeding.However,about30-90%of the applied antibiotics are excreted as the parent compounds into the environment,especially with the application of animal manure to agricultural fields.This large influx of antibiotics may lead to the destruction of the natural microbial ecological community and po great threats to human beings through the food chain.Therefore,the fate and toxicity of OTC in the environment are issues of great concern. Degradation of OTC,including the non-biodegradation and biodegradation,and the biological toxicity of its degradation products or metabolites,are reviewed in this paper.The non-biodegradati o n pathways in e lude hydroxylati o n,quinon i zation, demethylation,decarbonylation,dehydration and condary alcohol oxidation.Light(particularly UV light),pH and oxidizing substances play important roles in non-biodegradation.Biodegradation products include4-epi-OTC(EOTC),2-acetyl-2・decarboxy-amido-OTC(ADOTC),a-apo-OTC and p-apo-OTC.EOTC is an epimer and identied except for the configuration of the C4dimethylamino group of OTC.Temperature and pH are the main factors affecting biodegradation pathways of OTC.In addition,this review discuss concerns over the biological toxicity of OTC degradation products.
Keywords:oxytetracycline,degradation pathways,biotoxicity,degradation products
刘伟强1.Introduction
Antibiotics are ud to prevent illness in the human beings and animals,and have attracted increasing attention
翱翔的近义词Received26April,2018Accepted10October,2018 Correspondence LI Zhao-jun,Tel:+86-10-82108657,E-mail: lizhaoj u n@caas.c n
'The authors contributed equally to this study.
©2019CAAS.Published by Elvier Ltd.This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND licen( creativecommons/lice n s/by-non d/4.0/).
doi:10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62121-5in recent years becau of their environmentai issues (Fleming2001;Cheng et al.2017).Large quantities of pharmaceutical compounds are produced and consumed in animal husbandry worldwide.The rve as growth promoters and bactericides for the prevention and treatment of dias in animal veterinary medicine and human health.It has been estimated that between100000 and200 000t of antibiotics are ud each year globally, with more tha
n one quarter being ud in China(Cheng et al.2016).Oxytetracycline(OTC)is one of the most commonly ud tetracycline antibiotics(TCs),a group that in e ludes OTC,tetracycline(TC),and chlortetracycli n e (CTC)(Bound and Voulvoulis2006).OTC is a complex, zwitterionic macromolecular organic compound and consists of a complex four ring system with a number of ionizable
杨善洲先进事迹
