高考加油站：阅读理解的解题技巧
阅读理解题的解题技巧
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∙2019《考试说明》对阅读理解方面有七个要求：要求考生读懂简易的英语文学作品、科普文章、公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志及各类媒体中关于一般性话题的简短文章并回答相关问题。考生应能：（1）理解语篇主旨要意；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文提供的线索推测生词的词义；（4）根据文中事实和线索作出简单的判断和推理；（5）理解文章的宏观结构和文脉逻辑关系 ；（6）理解作者的观点、意图和态度；（7）提炼文章提纲、概括主要内容、转述关键信息。
细腻的拼音
这七个能力要求对应我们常见的六种题型：主旨大意题、细节理解题、词义猜测题、推理判断题、文章结构题及作者观点态度题。
1.主旨要义题
（1）要找到文章的关键词，注意but, however, in fact等表达转折的词语，通常作者用这些词语来呈现自己的观点。
（2）主旨在文章开头（如调查或研究结果、新闻报道、部分议论文等）、主旨在文章结尾
、主旨在文章第二或第三段（第一或一二段为主题的引子）或通读以后进行对各个部分概括所得，当然最后一种较难，那么就要养成对文章标段，读完每段要抓出段落大意，这种方法对文章结构题也同样适用。
2.词义猜测题
一般在前句或后句中体现，通过解释、说明等方法，常用 that is, that is to say, in other words , which(who)引导的定语从句来解释，或but, however, and 等表示与之相反或并列（同类），通过这些进行简单的分析都不难得出答案。
3.推理判断题
（1）了解常用的表示推断的词：infer, imply, suggest, reveal, mean, intend, conclude等；有时提问中含有may, might, probably, most likely等表示可能的词和surely等表示肯定的词，这些细节词也要注意。约翰杜威
（2）了解类型：推断文章的出处、作者的态度（positive, negative, neutral, approving, oppod, objective, subjective, indifferent, cautious, worried, doubtful, suspicious等）、肌酐偏低孕妇
购物节
节选的文章上文或下文所讲内容
（3）根据作者所使用的词语的褒贬性进行判断；区分开作者的态度及作者引用的别人的态度；读文章前先读题、边读边标小结、读一段标出、划出或自己用中文或英文写出本段的main idea来帮助正确定夺文章结构图答案。
阅读理解题的干扰项的设置具有一定的迷惑性，起干扰作用。它不仅能检测出考生理解、概括、推断等逻辑思维的精确性、深刻性，而且对考生个性心理品质也是一种检验，干扰项的干扰性一般在如下五个方面：1．脱离原文；2．以偏概全；3．扩缩范围；4．偷换概念；5．正误并存。希望广大考生在答题时能够透过现象看清本质，选出最佳答案。
特别提醒：1. 选择答案时应尊重原文，以文章作为依据，而不要以自己的假想或经验作为依据。2. 相信自己的第一感觉，没有绝对把握就不要轻易改答案。
练笔：
A
Mrs. Bertha Flowers appealed to me becau she was like people I had never met personally. Like women in English novels who walked the moors(旷野) with their loyal dogs racing at a respectful distance. Like the women who sat in front of roaring fireplaces, drinking tea from silver trays full of biscuits. It would be safe to say that just by being herlf, she made me feel proud to be Negro.
One summer afternoon, she stopped at the store to buy supplies. Another Negro woman of her health and age would have been expected to carry the paper sacks home in one hand, but Momma said, “Sister Flowers, I’ll nd Bailey up to your hou with the things.”
“Thank you, Mrs. Henderson. I’d prefer Marguerite, though.” My name sounded so beautiful when she said it. “I’ve been meaning to talk to her, anyway.” They gave each other age group looks.
There was a little path beside the rocky road, and Mrs. Flowers walked in front swinging her arms and picking her way over the stones.
摇尾乞怜
Without turning her head, she spoke to me, “I hear you’re working very good school work, Marguerite, but that it’s all written. The teachers report that they have trouble getting you to talk in class.” We pasd the triangular farm on our left and the path widened to allow us to walk together.
钟文琪
“Now no one is going to make you talk—possibly no one can. But bear in mind, language is man’s way of communicating with his fellow man and it is language alone which parates him from the lower animals.” That was a totally new idea to me, and I would need time to think about it.
干吃方便面“Your grandmother says you read a lot. Every chance you get. That’s good, but not good enough. Words mean more than what is t down on paper.”
She said she was going to give me some books and that I not only must read them, I must read them aloud. She suggested that I try to make a ntence sound in as many different ways as possible.
“I’ll accept no excu if you return a book to me that has been badly handled.” My imagination boggled(退缩) at the punishment I would derve if in fact I did abu a book of Mrs. Flowers’.
The odors in the hou surprid me. The sweet scent of vanilla(香草) had met us as she opened the door.
“Have a at, Marguerite. You e, I had planned to invite you for cookies and lemonade so we could have this little chat.” She carried a plate covered with a tea towel.
When I finished the cookies she brought a thick, small book from the bookca. I had read A Tale of Two Cities and found it up to my standards as a romantic novel. She opened the first page and I heard poetry for the first time in my life.
“It was the best of times and worst ”
Her voice slid in and curved down through and over the words. She was nearly singing. I wanted to look at the pages. Were they the same that I had read? Or were there notes, m
跳街舞的好处usic, lined on the pages? Her sounds began cascading(瀑布般落下) gently. I knew that she was nearing the end of her reading.
