GIS中点线⾯的空间关系(ArcMap的SelectByLocation) ArcMap中Selection下的Select By Location⼯具能够提供点线⾯11种不同的空间关系选择。Select By Location界⾯如图:
在中,提到了邻接多边形的问题,为了更好的联系ArcMap基本操作,使⽤了⽐较笨的⽅法来求Q邻接多边形。下⾯使⽤Select By Locaion中的不同空间关系⽅式来求邻接多边形。
1.识别邻接多边形的⽅法(ArcMap)
多边形之间的邻接包括两种:①R邻接(rook contiguity),也称边邻接,指两个多边形有⼀段共同的边界;②Q邻接(queen contiguity),也称⼴义邻接,指两个多边形有⼀段共同的边界。R邻接多边形可以通过ArcMap提供的选择⼯具Select By Location进⾏选择。Select by Location对话框,提供了11种⽅式。如上图.暑期工
了解了R邻接多边形的定义,可以通过Select by Location⾥⾯的”Share a line gment with”这种⽅式进⾏。(在点、线、⾯之间的空间关系中会说明Select by Location中的11中⽅式。)Share a line gment with ⽅式:选择被查询的图层上的满⾜与参考图层上的要素共线条件的要素。输⼊图层和选择图层必须线图层和⾯图层。 如下图2,可以选择出来与P多边形共线的R邻接多边形。翡翠毛石
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Q邻接可以通过ArcMap的Select by Location 中的”interct”, “touch the boundary of”这两种⽅式选择P的邻接多边形。
Interct,如果输⼊图层与选择图层有交集,则选中。在选择邻接多边形的时候,由于输⼊图层是我们感兴趣的多边形,同时也是选择图层中的⼀个多边形(⼀个⼦集)。所以他们的交集包括线段、和定点的交。这样就可以查询Q邻接多边形了。如下图3
天才在于积累 Touch the boundary of:如果图层之间的对象要素有边界接触,则选择出来。这⾥的边界的接触包括共线和共顶点。通过这种⽅式也可以查询出P的Q邻接多边形了。如图4
Select by Location提供了11中选择的空间操作:Interct,Are within a distance of, Completely contain, Are completely within, Have their centroid in, Share a line gment with, Touch the boundary of, Are identical to, Are crosd by the outline of, Contain, Are contained by.
点与点:Interct,Are within a distance of,Have their center in,Are identical to,Contain,Are contained by。业务员岗位职责
点与线:Interct,Are within a distance of,Have their center in,Contain,Are contained by。
点与⾯:Interct,Are within a distance of,Completely contain,Are completely within,Have their center
in,Contain,Are contained by。
线与线:Interct,Are within a distance of,Have their center in,Share a line gment with,Touch the boundary
of,Are identical to,Are crosd by the outline of,Contain,Are contained by。
线与⾯:Interct,Are within a distance of,Completely contain,Are completely within,Have thei芋儿烧鸡
r center in,Share a line gment with,Touch the boundary of,Are crosd by the outline of,Contain,Are contained by。
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⾯与⾯:Interct,Are within a distance of,Completely contain,Are completely within,Have their center in,Share a line gment with,Touch the boundary of,Are identical to,Are crosd by the outline of,Contain,Are contained by。与韩信有关的成语