2021年考研英语一阅读理解B部分解析
In the movies and on television, artificial intelligence is typically depicted as something sinister that will upend our way of life. When it comes to AI in business, we often hear about it in relation to automation and the impending loss of jobs, but in what ways is AI changing companies and the larger economy that don’t involve doom-and-gloom mass unemployment predictions?
A recent survey of manufacturing and rvice industries from Tata Consultancy Services found that companies currently u AI more often in computer-to-computer activities than in automating human activities. One common application? Preventing electronic curity breaches, which, rather than eliminating IT jobs, actually makes tho personnel more valuable to employers, becau they help firms prevent hacking attempts.
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Here are a few other ways AI is aiding companies without replacing employees:
那一刻我真幸福 Better hiring practices
Companies are using artificial intelligence to remove some of the unconscious bias from hiring decisions. “There are experiments that show that, naturally, the results of interviews are much more biad than what AI does,” says Pédro Domingos, author of The Master Algorithm: How the Quest for the Ultimate Learning Machine Will Remake Our World and a computer science 41_____________ One company that’s doing this is called Blendoor. It us analytics to help identify where there may be bias in the hiring process.
More effective marketing
Some AI software can analyze and optimize marketing email subject lines to increa open rates. One company in the UK, Phrae, claims their software can outperform humans by up to 10 percent when it comes to email open rates. This can mean millions more in revenue. 42_________The are “tools that help people u data, not a replacement for people,” says Patrick H. Winston, a professor of artificial intelligence and computer science at MIT.
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Saving customers money
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Energy companies can u AI to help customers reduce their electricity bills, saving them money while helping the environment. Companies can also optimize their own energy u and cut down on the cost of electricity. Insurance companies, meanwhile, can ba their premiums on AI models that more accurately access risk. “Before, they might not insure the ones who felt like a high risk or charge them too much,” says Domingos, 43____________
Improved accuracy
“Machine learning often provides a more reliable form of statistics, which makes data more valuable,” says Winston. It “helps people make smarter decisions.” 44___________
Protecting and maintaining infrastructure
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A number of companies, particularly in energy and transportation, u AI image processing technology to inspect infrastructure and prevent equipment failure or leaks bef
ore they happen. “If they fail first and then you fix them, it’s very expensive,” says Domingos. 45_______
[A] I replaces the boring parts of your job. If you’re doing rearch, you can have AI go out and look for relevant sources and information that otherwi you just wouldn’t have time for.
[B] One accounting firm, EY, us an AI system that helps review contracts during an audit. This process, along with employees reviewing the contracts, is faster and more accurate.
石庆 [C] There are also companies like Acquisio, which analyzes advertising performance across multiple channels like Adwords, Bing and social media and makes adjustments or suggestions about where advertising funds will yield best results.
[D] You want to predict if something needs attention now and point to where it’s uful for employees to go to.
[E] Before, they might not insure the ones who felt like a high risk or charge them too much, or they would charge them too little and then it would cost [the company] money.
[F] We’re also giving our customers better channels versus picking up the phone to accomplish something beyond human scale.
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[G] AI looks at résumés in greater numbers than humans would be able to, and lects the more promising candidates.
参考答案：41-45 ：GCEBD
【解析】
41. 根据本段的小标题“Better hiring practices”可知，本段内容是想要讲AI在招聘中的使用。通读段落，不难在段落中发现“u AI to remove some of the unconscious bias from hiring decisions”(使用AI去除雇佣决策中无意识的偏见);“the results of interviews are much more biad than what AI does”(面试结果要比AI面试结果更有偏见性)。根据以上信息，可以得知41空中填入的选项应该与“AI”，“招聘”，“雇佣”以及“AI比人类更为出色”等关键信
息有关，在七个选项中，只有G选项“AI looks at resume in greater numbers than humans would be able to，and lects the more promising candidates.”满足条件，其中“resume”表示“履历”;“than humans would be able to”表示“比人类做得好”;“lects the more promising candidates”表示“挑选更有前途希望的候选人”。因此，本题选G。
