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英美国家概况名词解释等关于钱学森
1. The civil rights movement
It is one of the most important of all social movements in the 1960s in America. Rosa Parks’ spontaneous action in 1955 was believed to the true beginning of the civil rights movement. The black students’ sit-in at a department lunch counter in North Carolina touched off the nationwide civil rights movement. During the first half of the decade, civil rights organizations like the SNCC,CORE,and SCLC struggled for racial intergration by providing leaderships,network and the people. In the latter half of the decade, some black organizations changed their nonviolent tactics, and emphasized on more radical means to end discrimination and raid the lf-image of the blacks. The civil rights movement produced such great leaders as Martin Luther King.
Jr, and Malcolm X, who inspired a generation of both blacks and whites to devote their lives to fighting for racial equality in th US.
2.A federal system【联邦制】
生日快乐歌曲
It is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constiuent parts, with some rights rerved to each.
3.King Arthur
It is said that he was the King of England in the 5th century and united the British and drove the Saxons back with his magica sword,Excalibur. His real existence is in doubt. He is the central figure of many legends.
4. The Anglo-Saxons
They were two groups of Germanic peoples who ttled down in England from the 5th century. They were regarded as the ancestors of the English and the founders of England.
5. Riverdance[大河舞] It is a very popular form of dancing
bad on Ireland’s intricate[错综复杂的]folk dances which are rearranged and modernized and adapted onto current stage performance. Dancing is traditionally part of Irish culture. It is usually accompanied by the Irish
pipe and fiddle. The music usually sounds fast and furious.
Most of the action is from the waist down, with the arms held rigidly at the sides.
6. The Hou of Commons
It is the real center of British political life becau it is the place where about 650 elected reprentatives(members of parliament)make and debate policy. The MPs are elected in the General Elections and should reprent the interests of the people who vote for them.
7. The Commonwealth【英联邦】
In the author’s opinion, the Commowealth is a voluntary association of states which is made up mostly of former British colonies. There are 50 members of the Commonwealth: many of the are developing countries like India and Cyprus; others are developed nations like Australia,Canada and New Zealand. The Commonwealth was t up as a form for continued cooperation and as a sort of support network.
8. Maoritanga
It is the Maori word for “Maori culture.” It refers to all the elements of the rich cultural heritage of the indigenous people in New Zealand, including their language, customs and traditions,
9. The “Washminster” form polity
It is adopted by the Australian government. It is a mixture of the US Washington system of government and the British Westminster system. This means that the political structure of the government is ba on a Federation of States with a three-tier system of government. However, the chief executive is a Prime Minister, instead of a President as in the US system.
10. Yellowstone National Park
古代贵妃It is the oldest and one of the largest national parks in the
US. It is named after the Yellowstone River that flows through the area. It is known for its geyrs and hot springs among other natural wonders.
11 counterculture[反主流文化]
In the wake of the Free Speech Movement and the New Left, there appeared a phenomenon that historians called the “counterculture”. The counterculture rejected capitalism and other Americans principles. They had morals different from tho taught by their parents. Some group of youth tried to construct different ways of life,. Among the most famous were the hippies. They thought new experience through dropping out, and drug taking. But it was music,rock music particular, that becam
清肺经正确手法图e the chief vehicle for the counter cultural assault on the traditional American society. The counterculture exerted a great influence upon people’s attitudes toward social morals, marriage, career and success.
12 Martin Luther King, Jr.
A black Baptist minister, he was leader of the Southern
Christian Leadership Conference during the civil rights movements of the 1960s. To promote his philosophy of nonviolent protest against gregation and other kinds of social injustice, King organized a ries of “marches”, including the march on Washington of August 1963, when King delivered his famous “ I Have a Dream” speech. As a civil rights leader, King worked not only to end racial discrimination and poverty, but also to rai the lf image of the blacks. Due to his strong belief in non-violent peaceful protest, King was awarded the Nobel Peace Price in 1964. He was assassinated in the city of Memphis in April 1968.
13．Richard Nixon
Richard Nixon was the former President of the United States.
He won the elction in 1968 and was re-elected in 1972.While
he was in office, he contributed to the establishment of diplomatic relations between the US and China and visited China in 1972.Shortly after he was re-elected ,he was involved in the Watergate scandal,for which he was forced to resign from the presidency.
1.Explain your understanding of how the United States is
governed according to its constitution, including its
polity and the check and balance mechanism of governing.
if Congress propos a law that the president think is unwi, the president can veto it. That means the proposal does not became law. Congress can enact the law despite the
president’s views only if two-thirds of the members of both hous vote in favor of it. If Congress pass a low which is the challenged in the courts as unconstitutional, the Supreme Court has the power to declare the law
unconstitutional and therefore no longer in effect. The president has the power to make treaties with 桃花溪张旭
other nations and to make all appointments to federal positions,including the position, of Supreme Court justice. The
Senate,however,must approve all treaties and confirm all appointments before they become official. In this way the Congress can prevent the president from making unwi
喜纳昌吉appointments.
2. How do you understand the saying: ”British history has been
a history of invasion.” ?
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