考研英语阅读理解真题了练习答案详解
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Everybody loves a fat pay ri. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human”， with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed n of grievance. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well，考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(23)。
The rearchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-cooperative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much clor attention to the value of “good and rvices” than males。
Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waal’s study. The rearchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in parate but adjoining chambers, so that each could obrve what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different。
In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the cond was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tosd her own token at the rearcher or out of the chamber, or refud to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere prence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce rentment in a female capuchin。
The rearchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a co-operative, group-living species. Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation, it ems, are not the prerve of people alone. Refusing a lesr reward completely makes the feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a n of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question。
21. In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by
[A] posing a contrast。
[B] justifying an assumption。
[C]making a comparison。
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[D]explaining a phenomenon。
22. The statement “it is all too monkey” (Paragraph 1) implies that
[A] monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals。
[B] renting unfairness is also monkeys’ nature。
[C]monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other。
[D] no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions。
23. Female capuchin monkeys were chon for the rearch most probably becau they are
[A]more inclined to weigh what they get。
[B]attentive to rearchers’ instructions。
[C]nice in both appearance and temperament。
[D]more generous than their male companions。
24. Dr. Brosnan and Dr. de Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys
[A]prefer grapes to cucumbers。
[B]can be taught to exchange things。
[C]will not be co-operative if feeling cheated。
[D]are unhappy when parated from others。
25. When can we infer from the last paragraph?
[A]Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions。
[B]Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source。
[C]Animals usually show their feelings openly as human do。
[D]Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild。
名师解析
21. In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by 第⼀段，作者引⼊主题是通过
[A] posing a contrast. 提出⼀个对照，考研英语《考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(23)》。
[B] justifying an assumption. 证明假定是正确的。
[C] making a comparison. 作出⼀个⽐较。
考后感
[D] explaining a phenomenon 解释⼀个现象。
【答案】 C
【考点】写作⼿法题。小薇你在何方
【分析】从题⽬⼊⼿可以节约时间，增强阅读⽬的性，有的放⽮。第⼀题的题⽬告诉我们需要先确定主题。如前所述，⼀段⽂章的主题同样可能就隐藏在⼀句关键的话中。从⽂章第⼀段讲⼈会因为不公平⽽愤怒，推导动物会不会呢？有⼈认为不会，但是科学研究表明猴⼦同样会。这就是关键句，这
就是作者要讨论的主题。[A]选项表⽰对⽐，相反或不同，可是⽂章说的是猴与⼈类似，所以不选。[B]选项原⽂提出的`假定原本是⼈与猴不⼀样，所以这个答案不对。[D]选项解释现象，这个说法不能够将开头和主题的内在联系结合起来。
陕西省安康中学 22. The statement“it is all too monkey”(Last line, Paragraph l) implies that
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“太猴⼦化”(第⼀段最后⼀⾏)这⼀说法的⾔下之意是
[A] monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals。
猴⼦也会被懒散的竞争对⼿激怒。
[B] renting unfairness is also monkeys’ nature。
痛恨不公平也是猴⼦的本性。
[C] monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other。
猴⼦和⼈⼀样，也会彼此嫉妒。
[D] no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions。
除了猴⼦以外，没有动物能够产⽣出这样的感情。
【答案】 B
上巽下兑 【考点】推断题。
【分析】由于题⽬表⾯看上去是问⼀个词组的意思，所以很多⼈纠缠在字⾯意义上。实际上，考⽣只有先理解“all too human”然后才能够理解“all too monkey”。[A]选项谈到“猴⼦也会被懒散的竞争对⼿激怒。”⽂章中开篇的时候只是说⼈会被懒散的竞争对⼿激怒，没有说动物也会被懒散的竞争对⼿激怒，所以不选。[C]选项说“猴⼦和⼈⼀样，也会彼此嫉妒。”这个选项是最⼤的⼲扰项。在对⽂章经过仔细的阅读后，考⽣可以发现，作者的主题就是要告诉⼤家“对不公平的痛恨猴⼦也会”。这个选项在程度上超过了我们的需要。[D]“除了猴⼦没有动物能够培养出这样的感情。”这个说法如果断章取义也有可能会被错选，但是只有结合上⽂的逻辑顺序就能够去除这个⼲扰项。
23. Female capuchin monkeys were chon for the rearch most probably becau they are
母卷尾猴最有可能被选为研究对象的原因是它们
[A] more inclined to weigh what they get. 更加倾向于权衡它们之所得。
[B] attentive to rearchers’ instructions. 关注研究⼈员的指导。
[C] nice in both appearance and temperament. 有好的外表和脾⽓。
[D] more generous than their male companions. ⽐公猴更加慷慨。
【答案】 A
【考点】事实细节题。
【分析】第三段第⼀句“Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de waal’s study。”正好回答了这个问题。考⽣应该⽴即意识到“such characteristics”指的是第⼆段中“They look cute(可爱). They are good-natured(脾⽓好)， co-operative(合一弯明月
作)creatures, and they share their food readily(共享⾷物). Above all(最重要的是)， like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much clor attention to the value of ‘goods and rvices’than males。”如果考⽣对最后⼀句话仔细研究⼀下，就会发现这句话中的“密切关注它们获得的东西”其实就是“权衡它们获得的东西”的意思。⽽且这是⾸要的，有“above all”为证明。这⾥有⼀个阅读技巧，即注意“such”⼀词。
当“such”出现在某段某句中作定语时，表⽰的意思是“如此的，这样的”。请考⽣务必到前⽂去寻找该词的实际指代内容。切记！[B]这个意思也不错，因为⽂中有“cooperative”，可惜这不是最重要的。[C]⽂
中也提到了，但是仍然不是最重要的。[D]选项是出题⼈⾃⼰编的。
24. Dr. Brosnan and Dr. de Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys
Dr. Brosnan and Dr. de Waal最终在他们的研究中发现猴⼦
[A] prefer grapes to cucumbers. 喜欢葡萄胜过黄⽠。
[B] can be taught to exchange things. 可以被训练来交换东西。
[C] will not be co-operative if feeling cheated. 如果感觉被欺骗，就不会合作。
[D] are unha
【考研英语阅读理解真题了练习答案详解】
