江苏省常州市西夏墅中学高中英语Unit2Theenvironment重点词汇讲解牛津译林版必修5
重点词汇讲解
1. survival n. 存在，幸存 survivor n.生存者
1) The survival of the fittest is the law of nature.
适者生存是自然法则。
2) He is the only survival in the air crash.
他是空难的唯一幸存者。
survive v. 活着，继续存在；比……活得长；从困境中活过来或挺过来
3) Few survived after the flood.
洪水后生还者很少。
4) The custom sstill survives.
这种风俗习惯还保存着。
5) He survived his wife for many years.
鲐鱼他比她妻子多活好多年。
6) The hou survived the storm.
经过暴风雨的袭击，着所房屋并未倒塌
2. in addition 加上，又，另外
1) In addition, I have one more suggestion to make.
另外，我还有个建议要提。
2) In addition to the tips mentioned above, students should pay attention to one
more tip.
除了上所提到的注意事项，学生们还得注意一点。
3) an addition to the class 一名班里新加的同学
additional 多余的；额外的
4) The government is providing an additional 1 million yuan to carry out the experiment.
政府额外提供一百万元进行试验。
3. wipe out 扫除，清除掉，购销（债务），消灭，毁灭
1) We should call on the people to wipe out flies, mice and so on.
泰式酸辣凤爪
我们应该号召人民消灭苍蝇、老鼠等。
2) It was wiped out from his memory.
这件事从他的记忆中消失了。
拓展：wipe off dirt擦去灰尘
3) The rain then falling wiped away all the footprint s.
当时正下着雨，把所有的足迹都冲掉了。
4. lay—laid—laid
(1) 产；下
1) This kind of birds lay their eggs in other birds’ nests
这种鸟把自己的蛋下在别的鸟的巢里。
2) This is the ason when fish lay eggs, therefore fishing is forbidden.
这是个鱼产卵的季节，因而禁止捕鱼。
(2)放；搁，铺设
3) You should not lay your new suit on the bed
你不该把你的新西装放在床上。.
4) You’d better put the problem aside and think about it later.
你最好把这个问题放一放，过一会儿再思考。
5) The workers are laying the cable.
工人们在铺设电缆。
(3)摆放
to lay the table 摆放餐具准备用餐。
注意：lie—lied—lied—lying 说谎
lie—lay—lain—lying 躺
lay—laid—laid—laying 放置，搁，产卵
5. run
(1)跑
1) Luis can run as fast as a hor.
刘易斯跑得象马一样快。
(2)经营
2) He is learning how to run a business.他正在学如何经营事业。
(3)开设
3) The school runs cours for tho who want to improve their English.
学校为那些想提高英语的人开设课程。
(4)开动，运转
4) Who can run this machine? 谁能开动这台机器？
5)Who had the machine running the whole night yesterday?
胡萝卜素的功效谁让机器昨天开一夜？
(5)延伸
6) This road runs as far as the river. 这条路一直通到河。
(6)流；淌
7) Tears ran down her face after she heard the mov ing story.
听了那动人的故事，泪水沿着脸流下。
running water 自来水
6. be concerned about(for, over)对……关心
1) We are all concerned about her safety.
我们都很关心她的安全。
2) She was much concerned over the living conditions of the refugees.
她很关心难民的生活情况。
concerned 形容词，意思是“和……有关”
3) We shall have to consult the other countries concerned.
我们得和其他有关国家磋商。
4) This was good news to everyone concerned.
这对每一个有关的人来说都是好消息。
concerning prep. 介词，通常用于比较正式的场合，意思是“关于……”
5) I wrote to the head of the company concerning a business arrangement. 我就一项业务安排问题写信给该公司经理。
as far as …be concerned 就……而言
柠檬蜜6) As f ar as I’m concerned, I cannot object to your marriage.
就我个人而言，我不反对你们结婚。
7. Figure数字
1) Don’t j ust look at the figures, look at the quality of work, too.
不要只看数字，还要看工作质量。
(1)figure 图形，人物
square figure 方形
historical figure 历史人物
麻辣香锅怎样做
(2)figure out弄懂，弄明白，想出办法
I’ll figure out what to do next. 我来看看下一部怎么办。
8. run out of 用完了
We have run out of milk and bread. 我们没有牛奶和面包了。
run for 竞选
小古文阅读训练She run for mayor three times.她三次竞选市长。
run across 偶遇
run a fter追赶，追逐
I ran across my teacher at the hall. 我在大厅里遇到了老师。
9. eco-环境的，生态的
ecology 生态学 ecological生态的 ecologist生态学家 ecotype生态型ecoearriers生态保护战士 ecotourism生态旅游 ecotourist生态旅游者ecofriendly环保的 e codevelopment 生态发展 ecosystem生态系统
eco-activity 生态活动 ecocatastrophe生态灾难
10. global adj. 全球的，全世界的
global issue 全球性问题
global village 地球村
global warming 全球变暖
globalize v.全球化，全世界化
globalization n.
the globalization of world trade 世界贸易的全球化
globe n.地球仪，地球，世界
tourists from every corner of the globe 来自世界各地的游人
11. electric adj. 电的，用电的，带电的
最贵的话打一成语
electric light/guitar 电灯/电吉他
electric razor 电动剃须刀
electric blanket 电热毯
electrical adj.电的，与电有关的，电气科学的
electrical equipment 电器设备
electrical engineering 电机工程
electricity n. 电
electrician n. 电工
12. customs n.海关，报关手续，关税
分子细胞生物学
1) It took us an hour to get through/pass the customs.
我们花了一个小时的时间通过海关。
2) I had to pay customs on this camera.
我得为这部相机支付关税。
custom n.风俗习惯，习俗
3) Social customs vary greatly from country to country.各个国家的社会习俗有很大的差异。
4) the custom of giving prents at Christmas 圣诞互赠礼物的习俗
5) It is the custom in that country for women to marry young.
那个国家妇女早婚是一种风俗习惯。
the Customs 海关
a customs officer 海关人员
customs duties 关税
14. The state of our parks is very shocking, with rubbish everywhere.
