落堕市安心阳光实验学校高考常考基本词汇讲解讲义系列(十五)
重点单词详解
1.lack v.&n. 缺乏;缺少;不足明缅战争
lack (for) sth 缺少某物
be lacking (in) sth缺少某物
for / by / from / through lack of 因缺乏……;因没有……
have no lack of不缺乏……
1)I cannot buy the bike becau of my ______ _____ money. 我因为缺钱而买不起那辆自行车。
2)A ________ ________ food caud her to grow weak. 缺少食物导致她身体虚弱。
假期感悟3)We still ________ the necessary information. 我们仍缺少必要的信息。
4)The child ems to be ________ in intelligence. 这孩子似乎缺乏智慧。
李烈【答案】 1)lack of 2)lack of 3)lack 4)lacking
官也街
(1)单项填空
—He says that my new car is a ________ of money.
—Don't you think tho words are just sour grapes?
A.lack B.load C.question D.waste
【答案与解析】 D 根据语境可知他说“我”的新车浪费钱。a waste of money “浪费钱”。
(2)名校押题
Though ________ money, all his family members managed to nd him to university.
A.lacked B.lacking of C.lacking D.lacked in
【答案与解析】 C lack在此作及物动词,意为“缺乏;缺少”。其逻辑主语是“all his family members”,因而用山西恒山>学生综合素质评价ving主动形式。
2.worthwhile adj. 值得的
worthwhile可用作定语,也可用作表语。用作表语时,其后可接动词不定式,也可后接ving。
1)We decided to give the money to a ________ cau (= one that helps people).我们决定将钱用于对人民有益的事业上。
2)It is ________ ________ ________ / ________ abroad becau you will make more money.去国外是值得的,因为你将会赚更多的钱。
【答案】 1)worthwhile 2)worthwhile to go / going
worth, worthy和worthwhile用法辨析
这三个词都有“值得”的意思,但用法或搭配不同。
worth后通常接名词(多数为钱数或价值相当的比喻性名词)。其后还可接v-ing的主动形式,表示被动含义(一般不接不定式)。如果表示“很值得”的意思时,要用be well worth。
worthy后可接of + n. / being done 或接 to be done,其后还可接不定式。
worthwhile既可作表语,又可作定语。
常用于句型it 中,其后跟动名词短语或不定式短语均可(动名词短语或不定式短语是句子的真正主语)。
(1)单项填空
—What do you think of the science fiction?
—Oh, excellent. It's worth ________ many times.
A.to read B.to be read C.reading D.being read
【答案与解析】 C be worth doing “值得做”,这里用主动表被动。
(2)名校押题
It is not ________ to discuss the question again and again.
A.worth B.worthy C.worthwhile D.aluable
【答案与解析】 C 根据题意可知,此句只适合用词组be worthwhile to do sth,因此选C项。be worthwhile 后也可接ving。
3.acquire vt. 获得;取得;学到
常指通过努力获得知识、技能、声誉等。
1)The collector has ________ a fine collection of impressionists'paintings.这位收藏家收集了大量印象派画家的画。
2)How did he ________ his wealth?他的财富是怎样得来的?
3)Through reading one can ________ knowledge.人们可以通过读书来获得知识。
【答案】 1)acquired 2)acquire 3)acquire
(1)翻译句子
他因发明了电视机而享有国际声誉。
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 He acquired on international reputation for invention of television.
(2)名校押题
In order to ________ a good knowledge of German, she quitted her job and went to study in a German school.
A.require B.inquire C.acquire D.request
【答案与解析】 C 考查动词词义辨析。require “需要;要求”; inquire “询问;查询”; acquire “获得;学到”消息已发出; request “请求;邀请;要求”。
4.ignore vt. 不顾;不理;忽视
ignorant adj.无知的;没知识的;未受教育的
be ignorant of sth 不知道某事
ignorance n. 无知
c罗全名show ignorance of sth对某事全然无知
from / out of / through ignorance出于无知
1)On no account ________ ________ ________ the value of knowledge. 我们绝对不能忽视知识的价值。
2)She didn‘t e me wave or she deliberately ________ me.要么她没看见我招手,要么就是故意不理我。
3)________ ________ / ________ this would be a mistake.忽视这点是错误的。
【答案】 1)can we ignore 2)ignored 3)To ignore;Ignoring
(1)单项填空
Safety regulations are being ________ by company managers in the drive to increa profits.
A.left B.thrown C.ignored D.emphasized
【答案与解析】 C 考查动词词义辨析。leave“离开;丢下”;throw“扔掉”;ignore“忽视;不顾”;emphasize“强调”。题意为“受增长收益的驱使,安全措施被公司经理忽视了”。结合题意可知C项为正确答案。
(2)名校押题
—My children are always arguing.
—________
A.Just ignore them. B.That's right.
C.You're welcome. D.How old is the boy?
【答案与解析】 A 考查交际用语。 just ignore them“别理他们”,符合题意。
5.urge vt.&vi.力劝;敦促;鼓励;极力主张
urge (sb) on sth鼓励(某人)做某事;激励;为(某人)加油
urge sb to do / into doing sth 敦促/怂恿/强烈要求/力劝某人做某事
urge against sth 极力反对某事
urge for sth 极力主张某事
urge + that从句(that从句用虚拟语气,谓语部分用should+动词原形,其中should 可以省略)
urgent adj. 紧迫的;紧急的;非常重要的;急需的
urgency n.紧迫之事
1)What can we do to ________ the lazy workers to work hard? 我们怎样才能敦促这些懒惰的工人去努力工作呢?
2)The dogs are ________ ________ fighting more fiercely by loud shouts from the crowd. 人群里发出的高声叫喊使这些狗咬斗得更凶了。
3)They ________ us ________ ________ at once. 他们催促我们马上去。
4)The nator ________ ________ the adoption of the measure. 那位参议员极力反对采取这项措施。
5)The citizens ________ ________ the construction of a new hospital. 市民们强烈要求建一个新医院。