完形填空--易错考点（10）
距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！
养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
完形填空是每年高考的必考题型，高考完形填空遵循“以实词为主、虚词为辅、突出词汇语境化”的命题原则，设空词类主要是四类词：名词、动词、形容词、副词；偶尔还涉及介词(短语)等。
完形填空涉及高中英语中的各个分册中的每个单元。
易错10……完形填空--易错考点（10）
【高考典例】
【2023年1月·浙江卷】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The sun was beginning to sink as I t off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to ____1____ a unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the ____2____. Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often ____3____ .
I ___4____ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He ____5____ handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and ____6____ the bunch to create a torch(物理学专业火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began ____7____ . He stopped every few minutes to move the ____8____ higher up the tree trunk.
____9____ , Ziyad got clo to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch, he _____10_____ towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tin
y hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within conds, he’d _____11_____ the trunk and was back on the ground.
It was too _____12_____ to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed _____13_____读书对联 . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢). The adult bees were _____14_____ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. He had to wait for the right _____15_____ to go back up.
1．A．share B．collect C．celebrate D．witness
2．A．courtyards B．fields C．treetops D．caves
3．A．urgent B．dangerous C．太阳之船expensive D．pointless
4．A．arched B．recognid C．followed D．invited
5．A．gathered B．cleaned C．dropped D．checked
6．A．shook B．lit C．measured D．decorated
7．A．jumping B．talking C．testing D．climbing
8．A．hives B．leaves C．rope D．honey
9．A．Finally B．Surprisingly C．Naturally D．Immediately
10．A．backed B．dived C．shouted D．inched
11．A．cut off B．gone up C．slid down D．held onto
12．A．high B．early C．fast D．clo
13．A．hatching B．training C．sowing D．trading
14．A．curious B．hungry C．bored D．angry
15．A．moment B．equipment C．person D．order
【易错分析】
错误原因1.忽视首句信息的指导意义；2.忽视上下文的语境；3.没有把握文章的主题；4.忽视文章作者的情感走势。
【解惑指南】
一、 研读首句
完形填空首句一般不设空，这是为了给学生提供一个清晰而完整的背景。记叙文首句往往介绍事件发生的时间、地点、人物和起因等细节信息，说明文和议论文一般通过文章首句点明全文的主题。仔细分析文章的首句，往往能获取许多解题信息，从而节省做题时间。
1．利用首句可以帮助我们判断文章的体裁，捕捉文章的要素，预测故事的发展。
【典例1】 (2022·全国甲卷·首句)
You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.
| 王老吉广告词 直接 信息 | 首句提出了一个观点：你可以从一个人对待他的狗的方式来了解他很多。由此可以基本判定，本文应是记叙文。 |
预测 信息 | 下文很可能围绕“某个人如何对待他的狗”这一话题展开，表达作者的情感体会。 |
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2．利用首句可抓住文章的核心及中心话题，这对于理解全文和解题有着重要的启示作用。
【典例2】说一说 (2020·全国Ⅰ卷·首句)
Since our twins began learning to walk，my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window.
直接 信息 | 首句交代了人物(who)——I, my wife, our twins和事件(what)——谎称玻璃推拉门是窗户。 |
预测 信息 | 根据这些信息，我们可以这样设问：他们为什么要对孩子们说玻璃推拉门是窗户呢？这难道不是谎言吗？这样又会带来什么后果呢？阅读文章，我们可以在下文叙述中找到这些疑问的答案。 |
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二、瞻前顾后重语境
完形填空题主要考查学生对语境的理解能力，所以空处的前后多有暗示(下文暗示上文的居
多)。学生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章的内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系。
【典例1】 (2022·全国乙卷·节选)梦见大河涨水
Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and ek.For them, there's something highly exciting about 41 someone el's glance and making onelf unable to be en.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably 42 at hiding.They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies 43.expod．
41．A．following B．taking
C．escaping D．directing
42．A．clever B．bad
C．scared D．quick
41．由上文 playing games of hide and ek (玩捉迷藏游戏)和下文making onelf unable to be en的提示可知，此处指避开(escaping)别人的视线，让自己不被人看到。故选C。
42．根据下文 They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies可知，幼儿园小朋友不擅长(bad)躲藏。故选B。
【典例2】 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
This was 50 than it sounds.51．Slow down a bit and the cakes pile up.As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I'd 52．expected．
50．A．harder B．better
C．longer D．cheaper
本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据节选部分最后一句中的it was all a little more high-pressure than可知，这项工作比“我”所意料的有更多的压力。由此可知，空处所在句是说这项工作要比听上去更难。A项意为“更困难的”，故A项正确。
世界豪华车排行
三、理清逻辑关系
完形填空的句子内部、句与句之间以及段落之间往往都存在一定的逻辑关系，有些题目就是考查这些逻辑关系，因此可以借助并列连词和从属连词等表示逻辑关系的标志词，理清上下文逻辑关系，快速解题。
【典例1】 (2021·全国甲卷·节选)
