语法填空-判断词形转换的4则技法
技法(一) 提示词为动词的词形转换
提示词为动词,如果既不是谓语动词,也不是非谓语动词,则考虑动词词形转换。动词是转换成名词还是形容词,则根据句式结构以及空格所充当成分进一步分析
典例导引 头脑风暴
1.(2022·全国甲卷)Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more (meaning).
解析:考查形容词。此处为“make+宾语+宾补(形容词)”的固定结构,空处应填所给词的形容词形式,故填meaningful。
房子契税怎么算答案:meaningful
2.(2022·浙江卷)When the answer was no,she declined the (invite).
行不更名坐不改姓解析:考查名词。此处应填入名词作动词decline的宾语,故填invitation。
答案:invitation 1.动词转换为形容词。
①v.+(able)转换为形容词。
accept→acceptable 可接受的
adapt→adaptable 能适应的
adjust→adjustable 可调节的
afford→affordable 负担得起的
典例导引 头脑风暴
3.China has a ( responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.It can help to build a community with a shared future for mankind,he said.
台式显示器
解析:考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知,空处位于不定冠词a后,应填名词的单数形式,故填responsibility。have a responsibility 为固定搭配,意为“有责任去做……”。
答案:responsibility
4.(2022·潍坊高考模拟)They u kite photography,geophysical surveys and ismometers(地震仪)to make learning (excite).
解析:考查词形转换。此处作learning的宾语补足语应用动词ing形式的形容词。故填exciting。
答案:exciting
5.(2022·陕西模拟一)Antonio Morgan says that Robinson drove past him fast and just moments later he heard a (frighten)crash.
解析:考查词形转换。空处修饰名词crash,应用形容词作定语,crash指物,应用动词ing形式的形容词。故填frightening。
答案:frightening
6.(2022·福建莆田模拟)Chine weddings are as much about the happy couple as they are about their respective families.The weddings are (impress) affairs that focus on blessings of happiness.
解析:考查词形转换。句中affairs是名词,应用形容词来修饰,所给词impress是动词,应用其形容词作定语。故填impressive。
答案:impressive
7.(2022·南昌二模)Zoetis started development on a COVID19 vaccine for dogs and cats after the first dog tested positive over a year ago.It was considered safe and (u) eight months later.
解析:考查词形转换。分析句子成分可知,空处应用形容词,和safe并列作主语补足语,补充说明it的情况。故填uful。
绿色校园绘画答案:uful
8.(2022·襄阳五中高三冲刺)Come to Zhangjiajie to enjoy its (amaze) natural scenery and breathtaking Avatar Hallelujah Mountain if you are a fan of Avatar movie!
解析:考查词形转换。根据句意可知,空处修饰名词scenery(指物),因此应用动词ing形式的形容词。故填amazing。
答案:amazing
9.(2021·泰安模拟)In the eyes of the Yi people,fire is the symbol of light,which is believed to have the ability to drive away incts and pests and protect the (grow)of crops.
解析:考查词形转换。空处作宾语,表示“生长”,应用grow的名词形式,表示抽象概念,不可数。故填growth。
答案:growth
10.(2021 · 安庆模拟)This (achieve) marks that China has reached the first grea
t breakthrough on the path to fullscale quantum computing—a quantum computational advantage,also known as “quantum supremacy”.
解析:考查词形转换。空处作主语,表示“成就”应用名词,this修饰可数名词单数。故填achievement。
答案:achievement
②v.+(ed/ing)转换为形容词。
confu→confud 感到困惑的
worry→worried 担心的
excite→exciting 令人激动的;令人兴奋的
③v.+词缀ive转换为形容词。
impress→impressive 给人深刻印象的
instruct→instructive 有教育意义的
④v.+词缀ful/less转换为形容词。
doubt→doubtful 怀疑的
forget→forgetful 健忘的
thank→thankful 感激的
hope→hopeless 不抱希望的
2.动词转换为名词。
①v.+(ion/tion/ation/sion)转换为名词,表示“状态或行为”。
celebrate→celebration 庆祝
compete→competition 比赛
pollute→pollution 污染
educate→education 教育
posss→posssion 拥有
国家手抄报②v.+(ment)转换为名词,表示“行为或结果”。
achieve→achievement 成就
announce→announcement 宣布
argue→argument 争论,论据
③v.+(er/or)转换为名词,表示“人”。
perform→performer 表演者
ttle→ttler 移民者
educate→educator 教育家
direct→director 导演
visit→visitor 访问者
技法(二) 提示词为名词的词形转换
典例导引 头脑风暴
1.(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between parate (population) and homes of giant pandas,and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
解析:考查名词的数。population在此处表示“种群”,为可数名词;根据空前的parate“不同的;分开的”可知,此处应用名词的复数形式。故填populations。
答案:populations
端午小长假2.(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)The rolling a of clouds you e once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we (human) are.
解析:考查词形转换。空处作宾语从句中we的同位语,应用名词的复数形式。故填human
s。
答案:humans
3.(2021·全国乙卷)Provide (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
新年祝福英文解析:考查词形转换。空处在名词 aid之前,应用形容词作定语。故填financial。
含夸张的四字词语答案:financial
4.(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)In the 18th and 19th centuries, (wealth)people travelled and collected plants,historical objects and works of art.
解析:考查词形转换。根据空后的名词people可知,这里应用形容词作定语。故填wealthy。
答案:wealthy
5.Judges will choo up to 50 (honour)mention winners,who will each receive a Tshirt in memory of Earhart's final flight.
解析:考查词形转换。winners为名词,应用honour的形容词形式来修饰。故填honourable。
答案:honourable
6.(2022·浙江三地市质检)Tai chi chuan employs flowing,rhythmic,deliberate movements,with carefully appointed stances(站姿)and (position),but in practice no two masters teach the system exactly alike.