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1.Geoffrey Chaucer is the forerunner of Humanism and introduces
from France the rhymed stanzas of various types to English poetry to replace the old English alliterative ver.
2.Geoffrey Chaucer , the “father of English poetry” and one of the
greatest narrative poets of England, was born in London in about the year 1340.
3.Despite the enormous plan, The Canterbury T ales in fact contains a
general “prologue” and only 24 tales, of which two are left unfinished.
4.The 16th century in England was a period of the breaking up of feudal
relations and the establishing of the foundations of capitalism.
5.Wyatt was the first to introduce the sonnet into English literature.
6.Becau the wool trade was rapidly growing in bulk, it was a time
拈花微笑when, according to Tomas More, “sheep devoured men.”
7.“Shall I Compare Thee to a summer’s Day” is one of William
Shakespeare’s best known poetry.
8.Humanism is the key-note of the Renaissance.
9.The 17th century was a period when absolute monarchy impeded the
further development of capitalism in England and the bourgeoisie could no longer bear the sway of landed nobility.
10.T he most popular genre in the literature of the Restoration was that of
comedy who chief aim was to entertain the licentious aristocrats. 11.T he Revolution Period is also called Puritan Age, becau the English
Revolution was carried out under a religious cloak.
12.P aradi lost tells how Stan rebelled against God and how Adam and
Eve were driven out of Eden.
13.T he Enlightenment on the whole was an expression of struggle of the
progressive class of bourgeoisie against feudalism.
14.I t is simply for convenience that we study 18th century writings in
three main divisions: the region of so-called classicism, the revival of romantic poetry, and the beginnings of the modern novel.
15.S wift was the most remarkable satirist in the 18th century who
criticized the new bourgeois-aristocratic society of his age with mercy.
16.I t was Henry Fielding and Smollet who became the real founders of
the genre of the bourgeois realistic novel in England and Europe. 17.T he mysterious element plays an enormous role in the Gothic novel; it
is so replete with bloodcurdling scenes and unnatural feelings that it is
justly called “a novel of horror.”对老师的评价语
18.R obinson Crusoe is largely an adventure story, rather than the study of
human character which Defoe probably intended it to be.
19.T he 18th century literature is an age of pro.
20.H enry Fielding is the greatest novelist of the 18th century.
21.O f all the romantic poets of the 18th century, Blake is the most
independent and the most original.
22.T he greatest of Scottish poets is Robert Burns.
23.R omanticism as a literary movement came into being in England early
in the latter half of the 18th century.
24.With the publication of William Wordsworth’s Lyrical Ballads in
collaboration with S.T. Coleridge, Romanticism began to bloom and found a firm place in the history of English literature.
25.T he Romanticism Age came to an end in 1832 when the last Romantic
writer Walter Scott died.
26.J ane Austin is one of the realist novelists: she drew vivid and realistic
pictures of everyday life of the country society in her novels.
27.T he Victorian period Literature began with passage of the Reform Bill
in 1832 and clod at the end of the Bore war in 1902.
试卷分析语文28.I n the 19th century English literature, a new trend Critical realism
appeared after the romantic poetry, and flourished in the forties and in the early fifties.
29.C ritical realism found its expression in the form of novel.
30.C ritical realism reveals the corrupting influence of the rule of cash
upon human nature. Here lies in the esntially democratic and humanitarian character of critical realism.
31.C harles Dickens was the greatest reprentative of English Critical
realism.宫紫
32.T he author of The Mill on the Floss is George Eliot.
33.T he Bronte sisters are Charlotte Bronte, Emily Bronte and Anne晴转多云
Bronte.
34.M ost of Tomas Hood’s works were humorous poems, containing
topical comments on contemporary events and manners.
35.The major theme of the modernist literature are the distorted,
alienated and ill relationships between man and nature, man and society, man and man, and man and himlf.
36.T he 20th century has witnesd a great achievement in English poetry.
37.J ames Joyce is the most outstanding stream of consciousness novelist.
38.O scar Wilde is a spokesman of the school of “Art f or Art’s Sake.”
39.B ernard Shaw is an Irish playwright.
什么是网络40.B ernard Shaw was strongly against the credo of “Art for Art’s Sake.”
41.O n a world tour made by 1931, Bernard Shaw visited China and was
warmly received by Luxun and others.
1. Heroic couplet (英雄双韵体) :
There are ten syllables in each line, iambic pentameter, one rhyme in every two lines.(每行十个音节，抑扬格，两行一押韵)
2. Ballad （民谣）A ballad is a form of ver, often a narrative t to music. Ballads were particularly characteristic of British and Irish popular poetry and song from the later medieval period until the 19th century and ud extensively across Europe and later North America, Australia and North Africa.
3. Renaissance: the word means rebirth or revival. The humanistic revival of classical art, architecture, literature, and learning that originated in Italy in the 14th century and later spread throughout Europe.
The Renaissance is a historical period in which the European humanist thinkers and scholars made attempts to get rid of tho old feudalist ideas in medieval Europe, to introduce new ideas that expresd the interests of the rising bourgeoisie, and to recover the purity of the early church from the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church.
4. Humanism: The key word for it is humanism, which emphasizes the belief in human beings, his environment and doings and his brave fight for the emancipation of man from the tyranny of the church and religious dogmas. It originally indicates a revival of classical arts and learning after the dark ages of medieval obscurantism.Its aim is to get rid of tho old feudalist ideas in medieval time
vigossand introduce new ideas that express the interests of the rising bourgeoisie. Shakespeare, Spenr, and Marlowe are all famous literary figures in this period.
5. Sentimentalism is a literal movement in the middle of the 18th century in England which concentrates on the distresd of the poor unfortunate people and demonstrates that effusive（感情奔放的）emotion was evidence of kindness and goodness. It reveals grief, pains and tears.
•Reprentatives:
普京年龄
•Thomas Gray, Samuel Richardson, Oliver Goldsmith, Laurence Sterne
•The Vicar of W akefield (1766).
• A Sentimental Journey through France and Italy (1768)
6. Pre-romanticism: a literal trend in the English literature of the latter half of the 18th century which compos the romance devoted to the medieval times. William Blake and Robert Burns are two reprentatives of pre-romanticists.
7. The Gothic novel: the novel which exploits the possibilities of mystery and terror in gloomy landsc
apes, decaying mansions with dark castle, cret passages, instruments of torture, ghostly visitations ghostly music behind which lurks no one knows what as the central story, the percution of a beautiful maiden by an obsd and haggard villain. The real originator of English Gothic novel was Horace Walpole, with his famous Castle of Otranto (1764) .
8. Romanticism
(the Romantic Movement), a literary movement, and profound shift in nsibility, which took place in Britain and throughout Europe 1770-1848. Intellectually it marked a violent reaction to the Enlightenment. Politically it was inspired by the revolutions in America and France and popular wars of independence in Poland, Spain, Greece, and elwhere.
Emotionally it expresd an extreme asrtion of the lf and the value of individual experience, together with the n of the infinite and transcendental. Socially it championed progressive caus, though when the were frustrated it often produced a bitter, gloomy, and despairing outlook.
9. Lake Poets: Wordsworth, Coleridge and Southey have often been mentioned as the “Lake poets” becau they lived in the Lake District in the northwestern parts of England. Their poetry usually prai
s the beauty of natural and countryside life. The three traverd the same path in politics and in poetry, beginning as radicals and ends as conrvatives 10. Aestheticism is a Victorian literary movement that was begun in the late 19th century.Followers of the movement believed that art should not be mixed with social, political, or moral teaching. Walter Pater’s statement “the love of art for its own sake”is a good summary of aestheticism. The movement had its roots in France, but it gained widespread importance in England in the last half of the nineteenth century, where it helped change the Victorian practice of including moral lessons in literature. Oscar Wilde is one of the best-known "aesthetes" of the late nineteenth century.
