Model Test One
Part I Writing(30minutes)
Directions:Suppo you are asked to give advice on whether shared bikes will be the most popular transportation means in the near future.Write an essay to state your opinion.You should write at least150 words but no more than200words.
Part II Listening Comprehension(30minutes)
Section A
Directions:In this ction,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each news report,you will hear two or three questions.Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choo the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.
Questions1to4are bad on the conversation you have just heard.
1.A)He is a fitness instructor.B)He is a classmate of the woman.
C)He helped the woman veral times.D)He ran into the woman in the street.
2.A)The artistic type.B)The smart type.
C)The social type.D)The indoor type.
3.A)They care whether their lovers share the same interest with them.
B)They don’t want their lovers to watch movies they might hate.
水痘吃什么C)They both quarreled with their lovers when watching movies.
D)They like to watch the same kinds of movies.
4.A)She doesn’t like an energetic type.B)She doesn’t like a quiet type.
C)She doesn’t like a humorous type.D)She doesn’t like a muscular type.
Questions5to8are bad on the conversation you have just heard.
5.A)People should understand it.C)People should fight against it.
B)People should support it.D)People should doubt about it.
6.A)Tho learning independently.B)Tho mastering advanced technologies.
C)Tho qualifying for leading positions.D)Tho adapting to new professions.
7.A)Tho who have great vision.C)Tho who have concern for humanity.
B)Tho who want to be scholars.D)Tho who aspire to work for society.
8.A)Adjusting to challenges.B)Constructing better buildings.
C)Developing independent thinking.D)Posssing profound mind.
Section B
Directions：In this ction,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choo the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C),and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.
Questions9to11are bad on the passage you have just heard.
9.A)Becau it is the main language of business.
B)Becau it is widely ud in the world.
C)Becau it is the mother tongue of Shakespeare.
D)Becau it is accepted as the Internet language.
10.A)To motivate people to learn other languages.
B)To celebrate multilingualism and different cultures.
C)To accelerate the progression of globalization.
D)To promote different cultures around the world.
11.A)The official world languages.B)TOEEL program.
如出一辙的意思
C)Shakespeare’s birthday.D)English Language Day.
Questions12to15are bad on the passage you have just heard.
12.A)They are shrinking fast.B)They are growing fast.
C)They depend on tourism.D)They depend on gold exports.
13.A)It has been shrinking.B)It depends on import.
C)It has been local.D)It relies on the government.
14.A)Reform land markets and regulations.B)Reform trade patterns.
C)Attract foreign investments.D)Find more tradable goods.
15.A)To build a sustainable urban space.B)To accelerate economic growth.
C)To make a beautiful urban space.D)To make the most of natural resources.
Section C
Directions:In this ction,you will hear three recordings of lectures or followed by three or four questi
ons.The recordings will be played only once.After you hear a question,you must choo the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C),D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.
Questions16to18are bad on the recording you have just heard.
16.A)It caus type1diabetes.B)It caus type2diabetes.
C)It is a compound.D)It controls blood sugar levels.
17.A)It can cau people to become obe.
B)It can damage the kidneys and upt the stomach.
C)It can damage the eyes and cau strokes.
D)It can cau sudden heart attacks.
18.A)Broccoli is not the alternative of metformin.
B)Just eating broccoli is not enough to prevent or treat diabetes.
C)Pills are still the only choice of treating diabetes.
D)Eating two kilograms of broccoli every day can treat diabetes.
Questions19to22are bad on the recording you have just heard.
19.A)They emphasize technology.B)They emphasize personal connections.
C)They emphasize practical skills.D)They emphasize teamwork.
20.A)Low-wage workers in the United States.C)Non-profit groups in the US and Europe.
B)For-profit groups in the US and Europe.D)Low-income workers in the rvice industry.
21.A)From the government.C)From domestic workers.
B)From charity organizations.D)From sponsors.
22.A)About500.C)Over500.单反相机镜头
B)About1,000D)Less than1,000.
Questions23to25are bad on the recording you have just heard.
23.A)299-to-1.B)271-to-1.C)59-to-1.D)20-to-1.
24.A)The concerns of low-and middle-income workers.
B)The concerns of high-income workers.
C)The situation of domestic economy.
D)The situation of job market.
25.A)By reducing the number of low-paying jobs.
B)By increasing people’s n of happiness.
C)By increasing the buying power of people.
D)By balancing income levels.
PartⅢReading Comprehension(40minutes)
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Section A
Directions:In this ction,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to lect one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Plea mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not u any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions26to35are bad on the following passage.
Tiny pieces of gold could be ud in the fight against cancer,new rearch has suggested.Scientists at Edinburgh University have just completed a study which shows the__26__metal incread the effectiveness of drugs ud to treat lung cancer cells.Minute fragments,known as gold nanoparticles(纳米粒子),were__27__in a chemical device by the rearch team.
While this has not yet been tested on humans,it is hoped such a device could one day be ud to reduce side effects of current chemotherapy treatments by__28__targeting diad cells without damaging healthy tissue. Gold is a safe chemical element and has the ability to__29__chemical reactions.
Rearchers at the University of Edinburgh discovered properties of the metal that allow the catalytic abilities to be accesd in living things without any side effects.The device was shown to be effective after being__30__in the brain of a zebrafish,suggesting it can be ud in living animals.
The study was carried out in__31__with rearchers at the University of Zaragoza’s Institute of Nanoscience of Edinburgh’s CRUK Edinburgh Centre,said:“We have discovered new__32__of gold that were previously unknown and our findings suggest that the metal could be ud to__33__drugs inside tumours very safely.There is still work to do before we can u this on__34__,but this study is a step forward.We hope that a similar device in humans could one day be implanted by surgeons to activate chemotherapy directly in tumours and reduce harmful effects to healthy organs.”The next steps will be to e if this method is__35__to u in people,what its long-and short-term side effects are,and if it’s a better way to treat some cancers.
A)accelerate I)precily
B)cautiously J)previous
C)collaboration K)properties
D)elaboration L)relea
E)encad M)relieve
F)implanted N)safe
G)patients O)unsafe
H)precious
Section B团建主题
Directions:In this ction,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.
You may choo a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.
The Amazon-Walmart Showdown That Explains the Modern Economy
[A]With Amazon buying the high-end grocery chain Whole Foods,something retail analysts have kno
wn for years is now apparent on everyone:The online retailer is on a collision cour with Walmart to try to be the predominant ller of pretty much everything you buy.Each one is trying to become more like the other—Walmart by investing heavily in its technology,Amazon by opening physical bookstores and now buying physical supermarkets.But this is more than a battle between two business titans.Their rivalry sheds light on the shifting economics of nearly every major industry.
[B]That in turn has been a boon(福音)for consumers but also has more worrying implications for jobs,wages and inequality.To understand this epic shift,you can look not just to the grocery business,but also to my clot, and to another retail acquisition announced Friday morning.
[C]Men’s dress clothing,mine included,can be a little boring.Like many male office workers,I lean toward clothes that are sharp but not at all showy.Nearly every weekday,I wear a dress shirt that is either light blue,white or has some subtle check pattern,usually paired with slacks and a blazer.The description alone could make a person doze.I ud to buy my dress shirts from a Hong Kong tailor.They fit perfectly,but ordering required an awkward meeting with a visiting salesman in a hotel suite.They took six weeks to arrive,and they cost around $120each,which adds up fast when you need to buy eight or10a year to keep up with wear and tear(破损)。Then veral years ago I realized that a company called Bonobos was making shirts that fit me nearly as well,that were often
sold three for$220,or$73each,and that would arrive in two days.
[D]Bonobos became my main shirt provider,at least until recently,when I learned that Amazon was trying to get into the upper-end men’s shirt game.The firm’s“Buttoned Down”line,offered to Amazon Prime customers, u high-quality fabric and is a good value at$40for basic shirts.I bought a few;they don’t fit me quite as well as the Bonobos,but I do prefer the stitching(针脚),I’m on the fence as to which company will provide my next shirt order,and a new deal this week makes it interesting:Walmart is buying Bonobos.Walmart’s move might em a strange decision.It is not a retailer people typically turn to for$88summer weight shirts in Ruby Wynwood Plaid or$750Italian wool suits.Then again,Amazon is best known as a reller of goods made by others.
[E]Walmart and Amazon have had their sights on each other for years,each aiming to be the dominant ller of goods—however consumers of the future want to buy them.It increasingly looks like that“however”is a hybrid of physical stores and online-ordering channels,and each company is coming at the goal from a different starting point.
[F]Amazon is the dominant player in online sales,and is particularly strong among affluent consumers in major cities.It is now experimenting with physical bookstores and groceries as it looks t
无奈的笑o broaden its reach. Walmart has thousands of stores that ll hundreds of billions of dollars’worth of goods.It is particularly strong in suburban and rural areas and among low-and middle-income consumers,but it’s playing catch-up with online sales and affluent urbanites.
[G]Why are the two mega-retailers both trying to ll me shirts?The short answer is becau they both want to ll everything.More specifically,Bonobos is known as an innovator in exactly this type of hybrid of online and physical store sales.Its website and online customer rvice are excellent,and it operates stores in major cities where you can try on garments and order items to be shipped directly.Becau all the actual inventory is centralized,the stores themlves can occupy minimal square footage.So the actual inventory is centralized,the stores themlves can occupy minimal square footage.Becau all the actual inventory is centralized,the stores themlves can occupy minimal square footage.So the acquisition may help Walmart build experti in the very areas where it is trying to gain on Amazon.You can look at the Amazon acquisition of Whole Foods through the same lens.The grocery business has a whole different t of challenges from the types of goods that Amazon has specialized in;you can’t store a steak or a banana the way you do books or toys.And people want to be able to
黄花梨手串make purchas and take home on the spur of the moment.
[H]Just as Walmart is using Bonobos to get access to higher-end consumers and a more technologically savvy way of lling clothes,Amazon is using Whole Foods to get the experti and physical prence it takes to ll fresh foods.But bigger dimensions of the modern economy also come into play.
[I]The apparel business has long been a highly competitive industry in which countless players could find a niche(商机).Any insight that one shirt-maker developed could be rapidly copied by others,and consumer prices reflected the retailer’s real estate costs and branding approach as much as anything.That helps explain why there are thousands of options worldwide for someone who wants a decent-quality men’s shirt.In that world,any shirt-maker that tried to get too big rapidly faced diminishing returns.It would have to pay more and more to lea that tried to get too big rapidly faced diminishing returns.It would have to pay more and more to lea the real estate for-flung stores,and would have to outbid competitors to hire all the experienced shirt-makers.The expansion wouldn’t offer any meaningful cost savings and would entail a lot more headaches trying to manage it all.
[J]But more and more business in the modern economy,rather than reflecting tho diminishing returns to scale,show positive returns to scale:The biggest companies have a huge advantage over
smaller players.That tends to tilt markets toward a handful of players or even a monopoly,rather than an even playing field with countless competitors.
[K]The most extreme example of this would be the software business,where a company an invest bottomless sums in a piece of software,but then ll it to each additional customer for practically nothing.The apparel industry isn’t that extreme—the price of making a shirt is still linked to the cost of fabric and the workers to do the stitching—but it is moving in that direction.And that helps explain why Walmart and Amazon are so eager to put a shirt on my back.
[L]Already,retailers need to figure out how to manage sophisticated supply chains connecting Southeast Asia with stores in big American cities so that they rarely run out of product.They need mobile apps and websites that offer a amless ur experience so that nothing stands between a would-be purchar and an order.Larger companies that are good at supply chain management and technology can spread tho more-or-less fixed costs around more total sales,enabling them to keep prices lower than a niche player and entrench their advantage.
[M]The positive returns to scale could become even more pronounced.Perhaps in the future,rather than manufacture a bunch of shirts in Indonesia and Malaysia and ship them to the United States to
be sold one at a time to urban office workers,a company will have a robot manufacture shirts to my specifications somewhere nearby.
[N]If that’s the future of clothing,and quite a few companies are working on just that,apparel will become a landscape of high fixed costs and enormous returns to scale.The handful of companies with the very best shirt-making robots will win the market,and any company that can’t afford to develop shirt-making robots,or isn’t very good at it,might find itlf left in the cold.
36.Traditionally,Amazon is popular among consumers in big cities while Walmart is widely located in rural
areas.
37.Bonobos is lling apparel to the author in a relatively lower price than the Hong Kong tailor.
38.Walmart bought Bonobos in that it will help Walmart overtake Amazon.
39.The tendency of markets being occupied by big companies indicates that small companies have no
advantages.
40.Nowadays,apparel is probably produced in developing countries and then transported back to the US for the
white collars.
41.With available high technologies providing ur experience,retailers can get more potential buyers.
42.Despite the inten competition,the apparel industry can still discover opportunities.
43.Robots making clothing would compel the clothing companies unable to develop robots well to face
difficulties.学习英语的意义
