强调句
第一节 基本知识与基本概念
强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式，下面简单归纳它的几种结构：
1．用助动词“do（does／did）＋动词原形”来表示强调：
He does know the place well．他的确很熟悉这个地方。
Do write to me when you get there．你到那儿后务必给我来信。
2．用形容词very，only，single，such等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气：
scenery可数吗 That's the very textbook we ud last term．这正是我们上学期用过的教材。
You are the only person here who can speak Chine．你是这里唯一会讲汉语的人。
Not a single person has been in the shop this morning．今天上午这个商店里连一个人都没
有。
How dare you buy such expensive jewels？你怎么敢买这么贵的宝石呢？
3．用ever，never，very，just等副词和badly，highly，really等带有－l y的副词来进行强调：
Why ever did you do so？你究竟为什么要这么做？
He never said a word the whole day．一整天，他一句话也没说。
You've got to be very，very careful．你一定得非常、非常小心。
This is just what I wanted．这正是我所要的。
He was badly wounded．他伤得很严重。
I really don't know what to do next．我的确不知道下一步该怎么做。
4．用in the world，on earth，at all等介词短语可以表达更强的语气（常用于疑问句）：
Where in the world could he be？他到底会在哪儿？
What on earth is it？它究竟是什么？
Do you know at all？你到底知不知道？
5．用感叹句来表示强烈的感情，突出说话人的情感：
How interesting a story it is！这是一个多么有趣的故事啊！
Oh，what a lie！啊，真是弥天大谎！
6．用重复来表示强调：
Why！why！The cage is empty！啊！啊！箱子是空的。
They walked for miles and miles．他们走了好多英里。
7．用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气：
On the table were some flowers．桌上摆着一些花。（强调地点）
秋天开花 Many a time have I climbed that hill．我多次翻过那座山。
Only in this way can we solve this problem．只有这样，我们才能解决这个问题。
8．用强调句型：“It is（was）＋被强调的部分＋that（who）＋原句其它部分”来强调说话人的意愿：
It was on Monday night that all this happened．所有这一切发生在周一晚上。
It's me that he blamed．他怪的是我。
第2节 具体考点解析
苹果平板充不进去电怎么办强调句型的基本结构是：It is/was + 被强调部分(主语、宾语、宾语补足语或状语等) + that/who +句子的其余部分。
一、连接词。一般说来，如果被强调部分是人时，用连词that或who；被强调的部分是宾语，指人时也可以用whom；如果被强调部分是物，只能用连词that。
It was John and Mike who/that saw Mary in the street last night.
It is Mary whom/ who he often helps .
It was in the street that I met him yesterday.
二、时态。如果原句中谓语动词使用的是现在范畴的时态(一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成/现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时等)，用。如果原句中谓语动词为过去范畴的时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等)，则用。如：八字缺什么怎么算
Mary met an old beggar in the street yesterday.
It was Mary who/that met an old beggar in the street yesterday. (强调主语)
It was an old beggar whom/that Mary met in the street yesterday. (强调宾语)
It was yesterday that Mary met an old beggar in the street. (强调时间状语)
It was in the street that Mary met an old beggar yesterday. (强调地点状语)
有时，be前可使用表示推测的情态动词。如：
It must be Peter who has let this cret out.一定是彼得将这个秘密泄露出去的。
It might be last night that they did their homework.他们也许是昨晚做完作业的。
三、 强调含有not until的句子。在强调not until句型时，not 位于until从句前，主句谓语动词作相应变化，即it is(was)+not until从句+that +其它。
It was not until he had finished the work that he went home.
It was not until 12 o’clock last night that my brother came home.
四、强调句的疑问句。强调结构的疑问形式：强调一般疑问句中的某一成分时，要在主句中用一般疑问句的顺序。例如：
水蜗牛 Was it you that/who broke the window ?
国王的演讲 Was it in the war that he lost his son ?
强调特殊疑问句中的疑问词，其结构模式是：“疑问词+ is/was + it +”。它同感叹句的
强调模式极其相似，首先将疑问句开头的部分作为强调部分，套入强调结构，然后再将其变为疑问句。例如：
1. Where were you born? → Where was it that you were born?
2. What did you want to e? → What was it that you wanted to e?
3. How many people are being trained for the special work? → How many people is it that are being trained for the special work ?。
五、强调句型中的主谓一致。被强调的成分为原句的主语时，that/who之后的谓语动词应与被强调的名词或代词在人称和数方面保持一致关系，从而选用恰当的动词形式。例如：
It is you who/that are wrong.
It is I who/that am answering the question.
但是如果被强调的部分是人称代词，按理应用人称代词主格形式，但在口语或非正式文体中也可以用其宾格形式，此时that/who的谓语动词要用单数第三人称形式is或was。例如：
It is me who is being asked the favor.
另在It , 句型中，其谓语动词应与肯定部分的词保持一致关系。例如：
It is my brother, not I that studies in that school.
It is you, not your sister that are in charge of the company.
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六、感叹句的强调结构，既要体现强调句型的形式特征，又要体现感叹句的自然语序。例如：
1. How happy he looks! → How happy it is that he looks!
2. What a clever boy he is! → What a clever boy it is that he is!
七、强调句型的鉴别方法及相似句型的辨析
强调句型极易与定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句等相关句型混淆，判断的方法是：强调句型中去掉It is/was…that剩下的部分在语法和意义上仍然是一个完整的句子。如：It was
yesterday that I met him. 去掉句中的It was …that 该句为：Yesterday I met him. 句意和语法都非常正确，说明这是一个强调句。而其他句型则不行。
八．谓语动词的强调
A. It is/ was ... that ... 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did。
Do sit down. 务必请坐。
Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！
B. 注意： 此种强调只用do/ does和did，没有别的形式；过去时用did，后面的谓语动词用原形。
第三节 巩固练习
痔疮宁
一、基础热身
1. ____ was Jane that I saw in the library this morning.
A. It B. He C. She D. That
2. ---- Have you ever en a whale alive? ---- Yes, I’ve en ____.
A. that B. it C. such D. one
3. The color of my coat is different from ____ of yours.
A. this B. that C. it D. one
4. ____ will do you good to do some exerci every morning.
A. It B. There C. Tho D. You
5. We think ____ our duty to pay taxes to our government.
A. that B. this C. its D. it
6. The climate of Shanghai is better than ____ of Nanjing.
A. that B. it C. which D. what
7. ____ four years since I joined the Army.
A. There was B. There is C. It was D. It is
8. How long ____ to finish the work?
A. you’ll take B. you’ll take it C. will it take you D. will take you
9. It was through Xiao Li ____ I got to know Xiao Wang.
A. who B. whom C. how D. that
10. It was in the rice fields ____ we had our league meeting.
A. where B. that C. in which D. on which
11. It was on October 1st ____ new China was founded.
A. which B. when C. as D. that
12. Was it becau he was ill ____ he asked for leave?
A. and B. that C. that’s D. so
13. Mary speaks in a low voice; ____ is difficult to know what she is saying.
A. it B. that C. so D. she
14. It was ____ I met Mr Green in Shanghai.
A. many years that B. many years before
C. many years ago that D. many years when
